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Seed Protein Concentrates (SPC) of 6 species of Crotalaria were extracted and the extractabilities of SPC, total N and protein N determined. SPC of high yielding species (C. Juncea) was analyzed for the contents of amino acids, ash, phosphorus, sugar, starch, fibre and calories, as well as for in vitro digestibility. Results indicate the promising potential of C. juncea for SPC yield.

The present investigation is a study of the Leaves of Sagittaria sagittifolia L. with respect to potential as antioxidant in relation to their total content of Phenolic and Flavonoids compounds in five different organic solvents. The amounts of total phenols were analyzed with the Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent. Gallic acid was used as a standard compound and the total phenols were expressed as mg/g gallic acid equivalent. The antioxidant activity of extracts were expressed as percentage of DPPH radical inhibition and IC50 values in percentage ranged from 18.86± 0.23 % to 86.65 ± 0.43 % Maximum phenolic content was found in the methanolic extract (36.4± 0.30) where as maximum flavonoids are detected in ethanolic extract (16.60± 0.01). The high contents of phenolic and flavonoids compounds indicated that these compounds contribute to the antioxidant activity.

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Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV), (Genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) and associated satellites pose a serious threat to chilli production, worldwide. This study highlights the factors accountable for genetic diversity, recombination, and evolution of ChiLCV, and associated chilli leaf curl alphasatellite (ChiLCA) and chilli leaf curl betasatellite (ChiLCB). Phylogenetic analysis of complete genome (DNA-A) sequences of 132 ChiLCV isolates from five countries downloaded from NCBI database clustered into three major clades and showed high population diversity. The dN/dS ratio and Tajima D value of all viral DNA-A and associated betasatellite showed selective control on evolutionary relationships. Negative values of neutrality tests indicated purified selection and an excess of low-frequency polymorphism. Nucleotide diversity (π) for C4 and Rep genes was higher than other genes of ChiLCV with an average value of π = 18.37 × 10−2 and π = 17.52 × 10−2 respectively. A high number of mutations were detected in TrAP and Rep genes, while ChiLCB has a greater number of mutations than ChiLCA. In addition, significant recombination breakpoints were detected in all regions of ChiLCV genome, ChiLCB and, ChiLCA. Our findings indicate that ChiLCV has the potential for rapid evolution and adaptation to a range of geographic conditions and could be adopted to infect a wide range of crops, including diverse chilli cultivars.