<p>Marker assisted back crossing (MABC) is a molecular tool that can help breeders in reducing backcrossed generation. However, effectiveness of this method still needs further approval using actual phenotypic performances. The International Rice Research Institute had developed Ciherang near isogenic line (NIL) of submergence tolerance, Sub1. The study aimed to evaluate phenotypic performances of Ciherang Sub1 NIL in the greenhouse and field conditions. The study was conducted in ten locations using five submergence-tolerant varieties and a control treatment under normal conditions. The results showed that the average grain yields and some agronomic traits of Ciherang Sub1 were not significantly different compared with those of Ciherang (recurrent parent). However, under 10- and 15-days of submergence. Ciherang Sub1 was significantly different to Ciherang. The survival rate of Ciherang Sub1 was higher than Ciherang after 14-days submerged in the greenhouse tank experiment. Response of Ciherang Sub1 to brown planthopper biotype 1, 2 and 3, Xanthomonas oryzae pathotype III, IV and VIII, and rice tungro virus inocula from Subang, Magelang and Lanrang were also comparable with its recurrent parent. Quality and physico-chemical properties of rice (milled rice) of Ciherang Sub1 were not different with those of Ciherang. Similarity level of phenotypic traits of Ciherang Sub1 compared to Ciherang was more than 87.5%. This finding proved that a single backcross method can produce progeny identic with its parent. This MABC line can be recommended to farmers in flood-prone area where the Ciherang is preferred. </p>
Development of mobile learning application-based media. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to develop a more dynamic learning media by utilizing technology in the form of applications onsmartphone devices to improve student learning outcomes. Methods: This study uses research and development methods with data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires, feasibility tests and effectivenessof mobile learning applications developed as learning media through stages designedaccordingto theADDHIEmodel. Findings: Productdevelopment intheform of mobile learning applications is feasible as a learning medium and effective for improving student learning outcomes with an increase in the average value of 28 students from 57.32 to 81.43. Conclusion: Mobile learning application is a good choice as a learning media. Abstrak: Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi mobile learning. Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang lebih dinamis dengan memanfaatkan teknologi dalam bentuk aplikasi pada perangkat smartphone untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan dengan teknik pengumpulan data dalam bentuk kuesioner, tes kelayakan dan efektivitas aplikasi pembelajaran mobile yang dikembangkan sebagai media pembelajaran melalui tahapan yang dirancang sesuai dengan model ADDHIE. Temuan: Pengembangan produk dalam bentuk aplikasi pembelajaran mobile layak sebagai media pembelajaran dan efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata 28 siswa dari 57,32 menjadi 81,43. Kesimpulan: Aplikasi pembelajar mobile merupakan pilihan yang baik sebagai media pembelajaran.
Social studies learning in the revolutionary era 4.0 should use digital maps to visualize the conditions of the earth's surface so that students interpret social studies subject matter more clearly. This study aims to develop a map media product based on the android application "ethnic and cultural diversity". This type of research is research and development using the Borg and Gall model. The stages are (1) research and information gathering, (2) planning, (3) initial product development, and (4) preliminary testing. Collecting data in this study using a validation questionnaire of the feasibility of map media products based on android applications. Data analysis in this research is the feasibility analysis of map media products based on android applications. The result of this research is the development of map media based on android application material on ethnic and cultural diversity that is suitable for use in social studies subjects has been validated by experts and declared "feasible" to be used. The author suggests teachers use android-based map media development products for ethnic and cultural diversity in social studies subject for class VII SMP / MTs in order to answer the challenges of technology-based 21st century learning in the current era of industrial revolution 4.0
Building character was the educational function that must be achieved through the learning process both offline and online. Cooperation and good communication were needed between students, teachers and parents to overcome the kinds of obstacles. The competent teachers in providing learning experiences and methods were needed to make students enjoy learning. Parents' companionship and support were expected to have an impact on the development of independent and responsible character for their children. Various efforts in building independence and responsibility of students in online learning had answered in qualitative research conducted at SMAN 1 Tumijajar. The data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to parents, students and teachers through the WhatsApp group. Online interviews were conducted with students. The result showed that students' independence and responsibility had been developed trough the online learning.
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