The genetic integrity of crossfertile bovine-or cattle-like species may be endangered by species hybridization. Previously, amplified fragment length polymorphism, satellite fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite assays have been used to analyze the species composition of nuclear DNA in taurine cattle, zebu, banteng and bison populations, while mitochondrial DNA reveals the origin of the maternal lineages. Here, we describe species-specific markers of the paternally transmitted Y-chromosome for the direct detection of male-mediated introgression. Convenient PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and competitive PCR assays are shown to differentiate the Y-chromosomes of taurine cattle, American bison and European bison, and to detect the banteng origin of Indonesian Madura and Bali cattle bulls.

ABSTRACT:The purpose of this research was to know about the successfully artificial insemination (AI) using frozen and liquid semen of Ongole cross (PO) cattle indicated by Service per Conception (S/C), Days Open (DO) dan Conception Rate (CR). The materials used were 60 heads of Ongole crossbred cattle which were selected purposively using some criteria, such as having calving experience, healthy, and free from any reproduction disorder. This field experiment consisted of direct observation and interview to acquire primary and secondary data. Datas were analyzed descriptively and continued by a paired t-test. The results showed that the value of (S/C) was very significantly different (P<0.01), DO was not significantly different (P>0.05). CR for P1, P2, P3, and P4 was found 63.33% , 86.67%, 16.33%, 83.33% respectively. The conclusion of this research was AI using frozen and liquid semen with only 5 days preservation had a difference on the value of service per conception. The most successfull AI was found higher in the liquid semen which was stored for 1 and 5 days than that of frozen semen.

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan kuning telur dalam pengencer CEP-2 terhadap motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa sapi Limousin. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 10 kali ulangan dari 10 ejakulat dari sapi yang berbeda. Spermatozoa disimpan selama delapan hari. Motilitas spermatozoa diamati dengan mikroskop cahaya (200x) pada suhu 37 C. Viabiltas spermatozoa diamati dengan pewarnaan eosin-negrosin menggunakan mikroskop cahaya (400x). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suplementasi kuning telur pada pengencer CEP-2 berpengaruh terhadap motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa sapi Limousin selama penyimpanan pada suhu 4-5° C. Konsentrasi kuning telur terbaik adalah 20% dalam mempertahankan motilitas (44,25±3,92%) dan viabilitas (87,46±5,40%) spermatozoa sapi Limousin setelah penyimpanan delapan hari pada suhu 4-5° C. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Kata kunci: CEP-2, kuning telur, motilitas, viabilitas, spermatozoa sapi Limousin ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to study the effect of egg yolk supplementation in CEP-2 extender on motility and viability of Limousin bull sperm. The research used Randomized Block Design with ten repetitions from ten different bulls. Sperm was stored for eight days. Sperm motility was observed using light microscopy (200x) at temperature of 37 C. Sperm viability was observed with eosin negrosin staining by light microscopy (400x

Artificial Insemination (AI) using sexed semen produce sex of calf as expected. There are various methods of sexed semen has been found. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of sexed semen methods using egg white sedimentation and percoll density gradient centrifugation toward motility and ratio of X and Y sperm Filial Ongole Cattle. Semen was collected using Artificial Vagina (AV) from Filial Ongole Cattle, evaluated and then separated using egg white sedimentation and percoll density gradient centrifugation technique. Only fresh semen with a minimum of 70% individual motile sperm and 2+ mass motility used in this study. Andromed as a based extender was diluted using aquabidest with 1:4 ratio. The obtained data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan test if there was significant or very significant different. The result showed that the sexing methods (non sexing sperm, upper and under fraction using percoll density gradient centrifugation, upper and under fraction using egg white sedimentation technique) had very significant effect (P<0.01) on motility (64.25±3.94%; 48.55±8.28%; 53±7.93%; 56.9±8.22%; 49.75±8.19% respectively) and significant effect (P<0.05) on the ratio of X and Y sperm. The ratio of X and Y using percoll density gradient centrifugation and egg white sedimentation methods for the upper fraction were 28.0±2.26%:72.0±2.26% and 77.5±1.26%:22.5±1.26%. The ratio of X and Y using percoll density gradient centrifugation and egg white sedimentation technique for the under fraction were 69.0±15.35%: 26.0±4.37% and 22.9±1.44%: 77.1±1.44%. The study concludes that the sexed with egg white sedimentation technique is better than percoll density gradient centrifugation on sperm motility and ratio of X and Y sperm.

Sperm can change physiology and structure during storage in refrigerator temperature or frozen temperature that caused by cold shock or free radical. The aim of this study to evaluate ultrastructure and fertilizing ability of Limousin bull sperm after storage in cauda epididymal plasma-based (CEP-2) extender with or without 20% egg yolk concentration at refrigerator temperature. Semen sample collected from three Limousin bull were diluted with CEP-2 with 20% egg yolk and CEP-2 without egg yolk, cooled and stored at 4-5 degrees C during eight days. Sperm ultrastructure were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fertilizing ability of Limousin bull sperm were assessed on cleavage rate of embryo using in vitro fertilization method. The percentage data were transformed into arcsine before being analysis with ANOVA and Duncan's multiple comparison test. The result of study showed morphologically normal sperm after storage in CEP-2 with 20% egg yolk, whereas in CEP-2 without egg yolk morphologically abnormal sperm especially neck was fractured and head was destroyed. Fertilizing ability of Limousin bull sperm were significantly higher in CEP-2 extender with egg yolk 20% (74.29 +/- 4.95%; p < 0.05) than without egg yolk (30.00 +/- 12.02%; p < 0.05). Egg yolk 20% in CEP-2 extender protected ultrastructure and fertilizing ability after storage during eight days.

Purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of Bovine Serum Albumin substitution by albumen on CEP-2 to semen quality Ongole CrossBred bull stored at 3-5 o C. Research was conducted at Research Centre Beef Cattle Laboratory, Grati, Pasuruan on February 2016. Semen diluent was divided into two groups, there were P0 (90% CEP-2 + 10% Egg Yolk (EY)); and P1 (90% CEP + 0.4% albumen + 10% EY). Data of the research were analyzed using paired design t test. The result showed that after eight days chilled preservation, percentage of motility P1 (47.4±10.9%) was higher than P0 (47±9.2%). Percentage of viability P0 (83.1±1.9%) was higher than P1 (81.3±1.5%). Percentage of abnormality P1 (3.6±0.4%) was lower than P0 (3.8±0.3%). Total motile sperm count after six days chilled preservation was significantly higher in all treatments compared to the standard criteria of SNI 40% motile sperm/ml. The conclusion of this research was 0,4% albumen could replace the BSA capability on CEP-2.

Kualitas semen dan produksi semen beku pada bangsa sapi dan bulan penampungan yang berbedaMita Ayu Rahmawati 1) , Trinil Susilawati 2) dan M. Nur Ihsan 2) 1)Mahasiswa program pasca sarjana Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Brawijaya 2) Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Jawa Timur ABSTRACT :The purpose of this research was to determine semen quality and frozen semen production of beef cattle at different month collection in Lembang Artificial Insemination Center. Beef cattle strain that used for this research are Aceh, Angus, Brahman, Limousine, Madura, Ongole and Simmental. The research parameter included semen volume, pH, motility of spermatozoa, concentration of spermatozoa, number of spermatozoa, number of spermatozoa motil and number of frozen semen straw. The method of this research using factorial completely Randomized Design and each had 3 replication per treatment. The different of beef cattle have given a significant effect of semen volume (P<0.01), mortility of spermatozoa (P<0.01), concentration of spermatozoa (P<0.01), number of spermatozoa (P<0.01), number of spermatozoa motil (P<0.01) and pH (P>0.05). Different month collection have a significant influence of semen volume (P<0.01), pH (P<0.05), motility of spermatozoa (P<0.01), concentration of spermatozoa (P<0.01), number of spermatozoa (P<0.01), number of spermatozoa motil (P<0.01). Interaction between breed of beef cattle and different month of collection have given a significant influence of semen volume (P<0.01), motility spermatozoa (P<0.01), concentration spermatozoa (P<0.05) and number of spermatozoa motil (P<0.01).

The objective of this research was to examine the effect of removal raffinose in tris aminomethane egg yolk diluents to semen quality of Boer goat during chilled preservation. This research was carried out at Animal Reproduction Laboratory and Sumber Sekar Laboratory, Animal Husbandry Faculty, Brawijaya University from December 11 th 2016 to January 31 th 2017. Semen diluent was divided into two groups, there were P0 (80% Tris Aminomethane + 20% Egg Yolk); and P1 (80% Tris Aminomethane (without raffinose) + 20% Egg Yolk). Parameter of this research was motility percentage, viability percentage, and abnormality percentage. Data of this research was analyzed using paired design t test. The result showed that after five days chilled preservation, was different (P<0,05) on the average motility percentage between P0 (39,50±9,26%) and P1 (43,50±6,26%). There was significantly different (P<0,01) on the average viability percentage between P0 (45,86±15,66%) and P1 (46,38±15,32%). There was significantly different (P<0,01) on the average abnormality percentage between P0 (1,76±0,60%) and P1 (2,31±0,75%). Total motile sperm count after 5 days chilled preservation was different (P<0,05) in P0 treatment and not different (P>0,05) in P1 treatment compared to the expectation value of 40 million sperm/ml. The conclution of this research was the tris aminomethane egg yolk diluent without raffinose could protect of Boer goat semen quality during chilled preservation.