Soft tissue sarcomas are pleiotropic tumors of mesenchymal cell origin. These tumors are rare in humans but common in veterinary practice, where they comprise up to 15% of canine skin and subcutaneous cancers. Because they present similar morphologies, primary sites, and growth characteristics, they are treated similarly, generally by surgical resection followed by radiation therapy. Previous studies have examined a variety of genetic changes as potential drivers of tumorigenesis and progression in soft tissue sarcomas as well as their use as markers for soft tissue sarcoma subtypes. However, few studies employing next generation sequencing approaches have been published. Here, we have examined gene expression patterns in canine soft tissue sarcomas using RNA-seq analysis of samples obtained from archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumors. We provide a computational framework for using resulting data to categorize tumors, perform cross species comparisons and identify genetic changes associated with tumorigenesis. Functional overrepresentation analysis of differentially expressed genes further implicate both common and tumor-type specific transcription factors as potential mediators of tumorigenesis and aggression. Implications for tumor-type specific therapies are discussed. Our results illustrate the potential utility of this approach for the discovery of new therapeutic approaches to the management of canine soft tissue sarcomas and support the view that both common and tumor-type specific mechanisms drive the development of these tumors.
Background: Inflammation is a protective physiological response to tissue injury that can be caused by harmful stimuli. If the inflammatory process is prolonged and cannot restore to homeostatic conditions, this may lead to pathological effects that can damage cells and cause various diseases. Elephantopus scaber is a plant that can easily be found in Indonesia. Elephantopus scaber is a type of plant that is often used as a traditional medicines. Several studies have shown that the compound bioactive content contained in plants has enormous potential as alternative medicine.Objective: This present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scabe leaves. Methods: The Elephantopus scaber leaves were extracted using ethanol solvent into different concentration (50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL and 120 mg/ mL). Diclofenac sodium was used as the standard. Anti-inflammatory assays were performed by the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method and heat-induced hemolysis method. Phytochemical screening that used in the present study was a conventional method. Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins and saponins. In the present study, ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber leaves has anti inflammatory activity by protecting the stability of red blood cell membrane. The highest protection capability possessed by the ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber leaves in both human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method and heatinduced hemolysis method was at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. Conclusion:The ethanolic extract of Elephantophus scaber has antiinflammatory activities by in vitro assays.Latar Belakang: Inflamasi merupakan respon protektif fisiologi terhadap cedera pada jaringan yang dapat disebabkan oleh stimulus berbahaya. Jika proses inflamasi berlangsung lama dan tidak dapat mengembalikan ke kondisi homeostasis, dapat menyebabkan efek patologis yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel dan menimbulkan berbagai penyakit. Elephantopus scaber merupakan tumbuhan yang dapat dengan mudah dijumpai di Indonesia. Elephantopus scaber merupakan tumbuhan yang sering digunakan sebagai obat-obat tradisional. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung dalam tumbuh-tumbuhan memiliki potensi yang besar untuk dijadikan sebagai alternatif obat-obatan. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari aktifitas anti-inflamasi ekstrak etanol daun Elephantopus scaber. Metode: Daun Elephantopus scaber diekstraksi dengan menggunakan etanol dan dibuat menjadi
BACKGROUND: The access to safe drinkingwater is increasingly difficult, especially in water catchment or coastal areas. Due to the difficulty, people in coastal areas tend to consume ready-to-use refilled drinking-water. However, the sanitation facilities on most drinking-water refill depots do not meet the requirements, hence really prone to microbial contamination. We conducted this study to determine the types of bacteria causing the contamination of refilled drinking-water from refill depots in Abeli, a coastal area in Kendari.METHODS: Samples were collected from all 6 drinkingwater refill depots in Abeli. Three-series fermentation tubes were used for the microbiological test, including the presumptive, confirmative and completed tests. The biochemical test was performed with indole test, methyl red test, Voges-Proskauer test, and citrate utilization test (IMViC) methods and the triple sugar iron agar (TSIA) test.RESULTS: Among 6 refilled drinking-water samples, we found the growth of coliform bacterial colonies in 3 samples, exhibiting various characteristics. Based on the characteristics, both microbiological and biochemical, the identified bacteria were Proteus sp., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella oxytoca.CONCLUSION: Bacteria that contaminated refilled drinking-water in Abeli were Proteus sp., E. coli and K. oxytoca. Continuous supervision is required to ensure the quality of water from drinking-water refill depots.KEYWORDS: bacteria, Proteus sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, coastal areas, refilled drinking water
The microstructure and properties of thin films depend strongly upon the alloy composition. A study was made of the metallurgical aspects of homogeneous Al alloy films, particularly the binary Al-Ti and the ternary Al-Ti-Si systems. The films were deposited by either multiple source e−-beam evaporation or magnetron sputtering from alloy targets. Electrical resistivity, ultramicrohardness, grain size morphology, second phase formation, and electromigration have been studied as a function of the alloy composition and its heat treatment. The relationship between the microstructure and these properties will be discussed.
Homogeneous f iLms of titanium-doped aluminum and aluminum-l%siLicon were evaluated for possible application as interconnects in integrated circuits.Titanium concentration was systemnatically varied in the range of 0 to 1.2 wt.%. Electromigration behavior was studied for each film composition as a function of temperature. Significant differences were found between the binary and ternary alloys, corresponding to differences in the film microstructure.
Kosambi is a rural area, located in a high altitude area which belongs to Benua, South Konawe Regency, South East Sulawesi Province. The population is self-help transmigration from the province of South Sulawesi. Kosambi villagers generally burn and / or cut down forests to obtain land that will be used as planting areas. The land is not directly cultivated, but it is left first while collecting capital. This condition has the potential to cause erosion, and forest fires. Through the service funding scheme, the internal Community Partnership Program of Halu Oleo University in 2018 has successfully cultivated ¼ hectares of idle land from total of 2 hectares. Land management is performed through a partnership with patchouli farmers. At this initial stage, the land is only planted with patchouli. Patchouli planting patterns are arranged well so that the photosynthesis process occurs optimally. After six months, in August 2019, the first harvest was carried out. In the first harvest, 15 kg patchouli oil produced with a selling price of Rp. 505,000,- per kilogram. This year, cocoa planting will be tried as a protective crop in the new area planted with patchouli. Patchouli and cacao tree planting programs are expected to generate maximum farmer income in the future
ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Status gizi merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan pembangunan. Keadaankurang gizi terutama pada balita akan mengakibatkan terganggunya pertumbuhan fisik dan kecerdasan. Kejadian gizi buruk pada bayi yang ditemukan di Kota Kendari sebanyak 16 angka sepanjang tahun 2017. Tujuan: dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat kejadian diare dan pemberian ASI Eksklusif terhadap status gizi balita usia 6-12 bulan di kota kendari. Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian case control. Penelitian ini berlokasi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Puuwatu, Puskesmas Perumnas, dan Puskesmas Poasia Kota Kendari, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah96 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Data-data tersebut diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran berat badan dan kuesioner yang dibagikan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Uji Chi- square dengan nilai kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukan ada hubungan antara riwayat kejadian diare dengan status gizi bayi usia 6-12 bulan (p=0,000) dengan OR= 11,400 dan ada hubungan antara ASI eksklusif dengan status gizi bayi usia 6-12 bulan (p=0.000) OR= 5,320. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan riwayat kejadian diare dan pemberian ASI Eksklusif terhadap status gizi balita usia 6-12 bulan di kota Kendari. Kata Kunci: ASI eksklusif, Riwayat kejadian diare, Status gizi.
Saat ini World Health Organization telah menetapkan obesitas sebagai epidemik global. Obesitas sering dihubungkan dengan kejadian dislipidemia termasuk penurunan kadar high density lipoprotein (HDL) dan peningkatan kadar low density lipoprotein (LDL). Hal ini juga sangat berkaitan dengan munculnya risiko penyakit jantung bahkan kematian. Pencarian bahan alami untuk memperbaiki status lipid pada penderita obesitas terus dilakukan, salah yang potensial dengan kandungan metabolitnya yang melimpah adalah minyak zaitun. Minyak zaitun mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh dan flavonoid yang dapat menurunkan lipotoksisitas dan ukuran sel lemak. Jenis minyak zaitun yang paling baik digunakan adalah extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), sehingga tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar lipid dan indeks masa tubuh (IMT) pada wanita obesitas usia produktif sebelum dan setelah pemberian EVOO. Penelitian ini merupakan studi quasi-eksperimental dengan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest without control group. EVOO dikonsumsi selama 3 minggu dengan dosis 30 mL/hari. Penelitian ini didapatkan rerata kadar HDL, LDL, dan IMT pada subjek sebelum dilakukan intervensi (pre-test) adalah 42,27 ± 4,5 mg/dL, 131,18 ± 16,9 mg/dL dan 28,4273 ± 3,3 kg/m2, sedangkan rerata kadar HDL, LDL, dan IMT pada subjek setelah dilakukan intervensi (post-test) EVOO adalah 44,09 ±4,6 mg/dL, 127,45 ± 29,4 mg/dL, dan 28,2164 ± 3,4 kg/m2. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kadar HDL, LDL, dan IMT sebelum dan setelah pemberian EVOO
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