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A total of 107 faecal samples were collected from diarrhoeic lambs of high altitude terrains (2,000 to 5,000 m above the mean sea level) of Tawang and West Kameng districts of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Total 234 Escherichia coli were isolated and further subjected to PCR for the study of virulence repertoire characteristics of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Out of the 234 isolated E. coli, 32% were found positive for STEC, and 9% were carrying virulence gene for ETEC. The isolated STEC serogroups were O159, O127, O120, O113, O60, O30, O25, O8 and O2. Of all the 74 STEC strains, PCR showed that 18% isolates carried stx ( 1 ), 26% possessed stx ( 2 ) and 47% produced positive amplicon for both. Other virulent attributes like intimin (eaeA), enterohaemolysin (ehxA) and STEC auto-agglutinating adhesin (saa) were present in 18%, 43% and 44% of the isolates, respectively. The isolated ETEC serogroups were O172, O170, O159, O146, O127, O120, O113, O86, O75, O60, O30, O25, O8, O2, OR and OUT. Of the 22 ETEC-positive isolates, 23%, 18% and 4.5% possessed the gene only for LT, STa and STb, respectively, whereas 54% carried genes for both LT and STb. Some serogroups of E. coli like O159, O127, O120, O113, O60, O30, O25, O8 and O2 possessed genes for both Shiga toxin and enterotoxin. This study is the first report of ETEC isolation from diarrhoeic lambs in India. The moderately high proportion of STEC and ETEC in the diarrhoeic lambs implicated that these animals are important reservoir of STEC and ETEC. This is really a grave concern for the 'brokpas' and nomads (shepherds) who share a close relationship with this animals for their livelihood. This study also indicates that ETEC may be a major cause for frequent diarrhoeal episodes in lambs of this region.

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How to cite this article: Varte Z, Dutta TK, Roychoudhury P, Begum J and Chandra R (2014) Isolation, identification, characterization and antibiogram of Pasteurella multocida isolated from pigs in Mizoram with special reference to progressive atrophic rhinitis, Veterinary World 7(2): 95-99. Introductionfor induction of the experimental disease, development of improved diagnostics, development of effective Progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) is a widely therapeutic/ prophylactic pharmaceutical approaches prevalent, upper respiratory tract disease of swine and development of immunoprophylactic products for characterized by sneezing, snuffling, nasal discharge, effective control of the disease. epistaxis, growth retardation, reduction in feed There is paucity of information regarding PAR in utilization, degeneration and atrophy of the nasal pigs in India, particularly in North Eastern Region. turbinate bone leading to visible distortion and Therefore, the present study was conducted for shortening of the snout [1]. Moreover, it has been isolation and identification of P. multocida from nasal recognized as a contributor to debilitating and fatal cavities of pigs of Mizoram with or without clinical porcine pneumonia for at least 120 years and continues lesions of PAR followed by their detection, capsular to be sustained, unabated with high prevalence in typing and screening for toxA gene by PCR based different part of the world [2]. Toxigenic strains of P.assays. multocida (both capsular type A and D) alone, or pigs, 9 were showing respiratory distress as a suspected Amongst the livestock, pig is most important and case of atrophic rhinitis. Samples were collected from almost every family rears pig as backyard venture.local household pigs as well as from organized pig Since the pig rearing is an important sector in rural farms. economy in this region, a better understanding of PAR Detection of P. multocida by PCR assay: Each swab and its impact on animal husbandry and economy is was grown in Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) broth essential. Studies on PAR should provide a foundation o overnight at 37 C. After incubation, 1 ml of bacterial suspension was centrifuged at 7084 g. The bacterial pellet was washed thrice with sterile normal saline solution (NSS) (0.85% w/v) and resuspended in 300 µl Materials and Methods:Four hundred nasal swabs sampled from pigs were collected from 6 different districts of Mizoram. Swabs were processed for detection and isolataion of P. multocida by PCR and traditional bacteriological assays. Isolates were subjected for multiplex PCR for capsular typing, detection of toxA gene and characterization by RAPD-PCR. Isolates were also tested for antimicrobial sensitivity profile by disc-diffusion method.Results: A total of 21 swabs were found to be positive by P. multocida species specific PCR (PM-PCR) with an amplicon of 460 bp, of which P. multocida could be isolated from 15 swabs (3.75%). All the isolates were grouped under capsular type A (n=9) and D (n=6) by multiplex PCR. All the isolates were ...

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