Aththorick TA, Setiadi D, Purwanto Y, Guhardja E. 2012. Vegetation stands structure and aboveground biomass after the shifting cultivation practices of Karo People in Leuser Ecosystem,. Vegetation stands structure and aboveground biomass after the shifting cultivation practices of Karo People in Leuser Ecosystem, North Sumatra. Shifting cultivation has been practiced by Karo People in Leuser Ecosystem for a very long time and caused a mosaic of patches that shift over time between traditional agriculture and secondary forest. The objectives of this study were to investigate the recovery of vegetation stands structure and aboveground biomass in four age classes of secondary forest, i.e. 5-years old, 10-years old, 20-years old, 30-years old and primary forest as a control. In total, 496 subplots were surveyed. Saplings contributed 62.82% of basal area in 5-years forest and still important in 10 and 20-years forest, but density decreased in 30-years and primer forest whereas tree stands dominated in 30-years and primary forest and shared basal area of 96.36% and 97.03%, respectively. Aboveground biomass of trees achieved its highest values in primary forest, i.e. 659.22 t/ha and contributed to total aboveground biomass of 99.38%.
Batak Parmalim used various plant species to fulfill their daily activities. Several plants are also used traditionally as live feeds or fodders. Livestock raised by the Batak Parmalim community includes buffalo, cattle, goats, sheep, chickens, and ducks. The purpose of this study was to obtain information of utilized plant species, its locations, and methodology in practicing plant species as fodders. Research methodology used in this study was an in-depth interview by determining key informants. In addition, interviews and questionnaires were distributed to the people who owned livestock farms/ranches. Through interviews and observations in the field, 34 plant species were documented as fodders. The plant may be prepared in fresh or dried fodders. Fodderss were obtained from fields, farms, grazing fields, roadside (cliffs) and cultivated plants. Most farmers used members of Poaceae consisted of 12 species in this study.
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