Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengelolaan dana desa dalam memberdayakan penduduk desa dan untuk mencari tahu beberapa faktor yang memungkinkan dan menghambat dalam mengelola dana desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Desa Tetehosi Sorowi, Kecamatan Lahewa Timur, Kabupaten Nias Utara, dengan melakukan wawancara dan observasi untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi tentang dana desa yang diinterpretasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan dana desa yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah desa tidak transparan, penduduk desa tidak berpartisipasi secara aktif, dan pejabat pemerintah desa lebih dominan dalam merencanakan kegiatan dan pelaksanaan dana desa. Pengelolaan dana desa dicatat secara vertikal kepada Camat, tetapi tidak untuk penduduk desa sehingga mereka tidak mempercayai pejabat pemerintah desa. Kegiatan pemberdayaan diprioritaskan untuk pemberdayaan fisik seperti pembangunan jalan dan limbah, sementara pemberdayaan non-fisik terkait dengan pelatihan resmi pemerintah desa dan PKK (Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor pendukung pengelolaan dana desa dalam memberdayakan penduduk desa di Desa Tetehosi Sorowi adalah dukungan untuk kebijakan/peraturan, sosialisasi, fasilitas, dan infrastruktur. Faktor penghambat adalah kurangnya sumber daya manusia dan kurangnya partisipasi penduduk desa.
Forest fragmentation has resulted in decreased wildlife habitat, which has triggered conflicts with humans due to the use of the same plants. This has been particularly contentious with the tapanuli orangutan. Research of the tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) habitat is very limited. The aims of this research is to examine the latest habitat conditions, such as land cover, composition of vegetation, feed plant, and habitat carrying capacity to provide recommendations for habitat management in developing a mitigation policy of the human-tapanuli orangutan conflict. The research location is focused on the area of human-orangutan conflict in the Batang Toru Landscape in South Tapanuli Regency, which took place from August to December 2019. Vegetation analysis was conducted using the strip transect method with a total of 294 plots (11.76 ha). The number of species at the pole and tree levels were high with 149 species (46 families) and diversity index (H') > 3. Eighty feed plant species were found and expected to support the growth of the orangutan population of 247 individuals. The density and diversity of cultivated plant species in the buffer zone were high and consumption by orangutans resulted in human-tapanuli orangutan conflict, especially on durian (Durio zibethinus Murray). Conflict with humans will cause stress and disruption to the growth of the tapanuli orangutan. We recommend habitat management to mitigate conflict through patrols for monitoring habitat destruction in conservation forests, enrichment of feed plants in Forest Management Units, cultivation of orangutan non-food crops on community lands, and building a corridor with orangutan food crops with fruits that are not utilized by humans.
BACKGROUND: The pesticide use is one of the agriculture intensifications which have advantages in production but given the negative impact on health like pesticide toxicity. The pesticide usage that improper and not accordance with the procedure is in line with the number of toxicity among farmers. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the determinants of unsafe behavior in pesticide usage among horticulture farmers at Sumber Mufakat village. METHODS: This research used a mixed-method with 505 farmers as population. The quantitative and qualitative data given from 83 horticulture farmer as sample size and reached by simple random sampling technique. The sample is distributed representative on nine hamlets that divided into two main areas Sumbul and Berhala. Data collected by in-depth interview and focus group discussion based on behavioral determinants according to predisposing factor, enabling factor, and reinforcing factor. The qualitative data were analyzed in the domain of Lawrence Green’s concept and quantitatively analyzed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: The results found that the predisposing factors of knowledge, attitude, habit, culture, and social status are significance with unsafe behavior although some farmers show the negative action that not suitable with the attitude. There is a significant association between enabling factor in available of personal protection equipment and pesticides, working tools, and health facilities with unsafe behavior. Even though the farmers rarely being used the health facilities cause using traditional medicine to treat their symptoms of toxicity. The reinforcing factor such as supporting of the community leader, partner, and stakeholders has significantly associated with unsafe behavior even though the observations showed the lack of socialization and supervision in pesticide usage. CONCLUSION: It concluded that unsafe behavior in pesticide use caused by the lack of knowledge of farmers, the lack of supervision, and support from related parties. Farmers have their own decisions on pesticide use and no sustain supervision among the farmer. It recommended to empowering the community to increase the collaboration between farmers and government with the same vision to solve the toxicity of pesticide risk in social movement formed.
Abstract. Kuswanda W, Harahap RH, Alikodra JS, Sibarani R. 2020. Nest characteristics and populations of Tapanuli orangutans in Batangtoru Landscape, South Tapanuli District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3398-3406. Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) has been threatened to extinction due to conflicts with humans. Information on the orangutan characteristics in conflict areas at the Batangtoru Landscape is needed. Our research aimed to analyze the characteristics of nests, nest trees, and estimation of orangutan populations in conservation forests and buffer zones to develop conflict mitigation strategies in the Batangtoru Landscape, South Tapanuli District. A line transect method was used to count orangutan nests on 49 transects, starting from June 2019 to January 2020. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, frequency tables, Spearman correlation (rho), and the equation by (van Schaick et al. 1995). Tapanuli orangutans make nests at the height of 14.01 meters (90% CI = 13.37-14.67 meters), and most use the main stem as nest support. Tree nests of 35 species (17 families) were identified, with the highest frequency in (Durio zibethinus Murray), especially in the buffer zone. Correlation between nest tree diameter, tree height, and canopy area was significant (p <0.01, n = 83). The estimated orangutan populations in conflict areas were 155 individuals (95% CI = 121-187), and the highest was found in Dolok Sibualbuali Nature Reserve buffer zones. Mitigation strategy of human-orangutan conflict that needs to be realized is the non-cash compensation guaranteeing the community does not disturb orangutans on their land. The compensation forms can be the provision of seedlings and fertilizer for plants, agricultural machinery, knowledge to land management, and orangutan ecotourism development. Nest and feed trees enrichment can be carried out in production forests bordering with conservation area.
AbstrakBank Sampah merupakan suatu gerakan nasional untuk kebersihan dan kesehatan lingkungan. Konsep Bank sampah mulai banyak dilakukan di Indonesia, dimana masyarakat dapat membawa sampah tertentu, lalu bisa diolah menjadi bahan bermanfaat. Salah satunya ialah Bank Sampah Mutiara Medan, melalui bank sampah kita menabung sampah dan mendapatkan uang. Selain memberikan keuntungan ekonomi, sudah pasti keberadaan Bank Sampah akan memberikan keuntungan untuk kebersihan lingkungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan Peraturan Walikota Medan No. 14 Tahun 2014 tentang Bank Sampah di Bank Sampah Mutiara Kelurahan Binjai Kecamatan Medan Denai Kota Medan tahun 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bank Sampah Mutiara memiliki peran dalam hal ekonomi masyarakat untuk mendapatkan tambahan pendapatan, dalam hal sosial masyarakat sebagai pusat kegiatan masyarakat berbasis lingkungan, dalam hal kebersihan lingkungan untuk dapat menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih, sehat, dan nyaman. Hal-hal yang menjadi hambatan dalam operasional Bank Sampah Mutiara ialah kurangnya partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat, minimnya alat transportasi pengangkut sampah, kurangnya akses pemasaran produk hasil daur ulang sampah, dan kurangnya dukungan dari pemerintah. Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Bank Sampah, Pengelolaan Sampah. Abstract Waste Bank is a national movement for environmental hygiene and health. The concept of junk Banks began to be widely implemented in Indonesia, where people can bring certain waste, then can be processed into useful materials. One of them is Mutiara Medan Trash Bank, through our rubbish bank saving garbage and getting money. In addition to providing economic benefits, it is certain that the existence of Bank Trash will provide benefits for environmental cleanliness. This research is a descriptive research with qualitative approach using in-depth interview method to find out how the implementation of Mayor Regulation
Abstract. Sahputra E, Harahap RH, Wahyuningsih H, Utomo B. 2021. Assessing the sustainability status of mangrove forest ecosystem management by coastal community in Jaring Halus Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1-9. Mangrove forest ecosystems provide various important ecological (physical and protection) and economic services. Mangrove forest needs to be sustainably managed to ensure their functions and benefits are available in perpetuity. Still, issues regarding sustainable management of mangrove forests are rarely discussed, especially in Indonesia. This research aims: (i) to gain the fundamental understanding of the level of sustainable mangrove management by determining indicator attributes that can be categorized as leverage factors; ii) obtain the perceptions of coastal communities in mangrove forest management; and iii) investigate the compliance of coastal communities in mangrove forest management. Data were obtained through a series of interviews, field observation and focused group discussion (FGD) and questionnaires conducted from January 2018 to March 2019 in Jaring Halus Village, Secanggang Subdistrict, Langkat District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using multidimensional scaling (MDS). The results showed that the status of mangrove forest management in Jaring Halus Village was categorized as moderately sustainable with a score of 65.83%. The majority of the coastal community (96% of respondents) perceived and understood the value of protecting the mangrove ecosystem, which provided physical (ecological), economic, and social functions. The community's understanding and knowledge of the importance of mangrove forests is due to the high level of dependency on their main livelihood as fishermen. Around 97% of the respondents held strong obedience to the mangrove forest management in Jaring Halus Village, which could be attributed to local wisdom related to natural resource management.
This study aims to describe the role of village funds in the development of the Village Development Index. The research method was conducted with a qualitative approach, the informants in this study were key informants, key informants and additional informants. The research location was conducted in Sibolangit sub-district with 5 sample villages, consisting of 2 disadvantaged villages, 2 developing villages, and 1 developed village. The results of this study illustrate how the village before the existence of village funds and after the existence of village funds, then the role of village funds in the development of the village index build in which in the village index builds a lot of indicators and sub-indicators of its assessment, as well as looking at factors hampering the village difficult to develop. this is a village that is still difficult to develop its area despite village funds.
The main problem of waste management in Penyengat Island is the increasing population growth and increasing volume of waste and limited land so that it is difficult to carry out waste management using the final waste treatment site because it has a large potential for pollution. The low level of public awareness in managing household waste is caused by the community's social, economic, and cultural conditions. This study designs Model of the Importance of Socio-Cultural in Waste Management on Penyengat Island. This research method is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design, the community subjects who live in Penyengat Island with a sample size of 270 people, taken by random sampling. Data analysis using chi-square test and logistic regression. Logical regression equation model in (p/(1-p)) - 1,614 + 0,505 (place of residence) + 0.642 (local wisdom). Waste management needs cultural values that already exist and should be maintained as part of one's identity and efforts to maintain the balance of nature and the environment. It is also necessary to conduct a policy study regarding the island's waste management program with a socio-cultural value approach.
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