Professional know-how and MSD prevention: conceptual and methodological reflection leading to their identification and the start of their construction Saberes profesionales y prevención de LME : reflexiones conceptuales y metodológicas que conducen a su identificación y a la génesis de su construcción
Perspectives interdisciplinaires sur le travail et la santé 11-2 | 2009 2e conférence du Groupe de recherche francophone sur les troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) Savoirs professionnels et prévention des TMS : portrait de leur transmission durant la formation et perspectives d'intervention Professional knowledge and MSD prevention: portrait of their transmission during training and the intervention perspective Saberes profesionales y prevención de las LMS : un retrato de su transmisión durante la formación y perspectivas de intervención
Cet article présente les grandes lignes de l’accompagnement d’une équipe-classe désirant mieux structurer les actions pédagogiques pour développer la participation sociale des enfants ayant de grandes limitations. Ce texte propose le récit d’une expérience qui s’est déroulée dans une école primaire qui accueille des élèves ayant une déficience intellectuelle associée à de multiples handicaps. L’objectif principal du volet accompagnement de la recherche était de mettre en place un cadre de collaboration par une communauté d’apprentissage (Savoie-Zajc, 2010). La recherche-action s’est déroulée sur deux ans, à impliquer l’ensemble des intervenants travaillant auprès des élèves de la classe. Des observations et des entretiens ont permis d’explorer une pratique réflexive collective. Le processus de recherche-action a entraîné des retombées sur deux plans. Premièrement, la collaboration structurée à l’aide du modèle de la communauté professionnelle d’apprentissage (Savoie-Zajc, 2010; Savoie-Zajc et al., 2011) est désormais reconnue comme essentielle au travail quotidien des intervenants, qui ne s’imaginent pas revenir en arrière. Deuxièmement, les interventions sont désormais ancrées dans des modèles pédagogiques plus forts, tels que le développement de compétences (MELS, 2011) ainsi que la pédagogie créative au service de scénarios pédagogiques thématiques (Ouellet, 2010; Ouellet et Caya, 2011).
In the present-day world of work, characterized by the globalization of markets and rapid technological change, company directors are turning toward new types of work organization and product diversification in order to contend with increasingly fierce competition. In such a context, workplace training has become a critical issue for companies. Though there are different types of workplace training, the instructors are usually experienced employees who have been asked to train new employees. Incorporating training into the company’s production activities is complex because it creates a situation where the training activity comes into contact with all the other activities. The present article reports on ergonomic research intervention conducted in the meat processing sector which sheds light on the difficulties and challenges that structured training in an SME production system poses for instructors. The data collected here showed that worker-instructors were poorly prepared to train new workers and that the role of an instructor was not sufficiently appreciated in the company. Furthermore, our study pointed out that, to organize learning situations, instructors had to consider several conditions (organizational, technical, physical, and social) and make compromises between what they would have liked to do and what the conditions allowed them to do. Avenues for improvement are suggested to help create greater recognition of the instructors’ role and provide them with more support in the implementation of training activities. The observations made in this study can serve as food for thought for anyone interested in workplace training conditions.
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