To return the ecological function of Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park, it must be involved the role of buffer zone communities living around the forest by optimizing the cultivated land with applying agro-forestry based on socioeconomic conditions in the community, such as community preferences and adoption of agro-forestry patterns. Under these conditions it is necessary to hold a study concerning to the level of community preference to the type of plants and the level of adoption, as well as the NPV analysis of the 3 patterns of agro-forestry which are applied by the majority of community around the forest park. Results of the study revealed that there were 3 dominant plant types preferred by the community in the forest park, namely: coffee (30.8%), cacao (35.8%), and rubber (17.4%). Based on these crops, there were 3 agro-forestry patterns practiced by the majority of community in their cultivated land. They were: (1) coffee-cacao-wooden plants, and fruits (47%), (2) rubber-coffee-wooden plants, and fruit (35%), and (3) rubber-cacao-wooden plants, and fruit (18%). The highest personal and social NPVs obtained in the agro-forestry pattern of rubber-coffee-wooded plants, and fruits were IDR4.589.627.36 and IDR6.454.806.01, respectively. To ensure the sustainability of the program, the development of communities living around the forest together with a program of community empowerment in the block of utilization and social forestry in the forest park are recommended to continue, based on the Regional Regulation (PerDa) Number. 3/2012.

Forestry development always pay attention and aims to realize sustainable forest management (SFM) because it’s function is very important in supporting life and social welfare. This study aims to (1) identify the structure of agroforestry farmers' household income (2) to analyze the distribution of the income of farmers agroforestry (3) to analyze the level of poverty of farmers agroforestry. The samples in this study using simple random sampling method as much as 41 respondents. The results obtained from this study are: (1) The structure of the income of farmers at the village Sumber Agung agroforestry comes from agroforestry farming income of Rp 11,675,317.07 (68.67%), and the effort is not agroforestry Rp 5,327,804.88 (31.33%). (2) The distribution of the income of farmers at the Sumber Agung village agroforestry tend not evenly among farmers, with a gini ratio value of 0,4. (3) The poverty rate agroforestry farming family at the Sumber Agung village average are in the category of near poor and poor, amounting to 60.97%. Keywords: income, income distribution, level of poverty

Community forestry program is an effort to save the forests while providing benefits to society. Society was given license to manage forests laden not develop plant species monoculture systems but with agroforestry systems. Canopy multi strata agroforestry systems of benefits economical and ecological that matter to farmers, one of which can provide income for farmers. So that the implementation of agroforestry systems community forestry land is expected to be a solution the needs of land as a factor of production as well as to the recovery of the forest is mainly a function of the life support system. The goal of the research determined the structure of income, the factors that influence of income and welfare level of coffee agroforestry as participants community forestry program. To analyze factors affecting farmers' income analyzed by linear regression of multiple and welfare of farmers based price of rice by Sajogyo 1997. From the reckoning, income of farmers amounted of coffee agroforestry to Rp 14.649.631/KK/Year and Rp 6.321.690/KK/year of activity non agroforestry dominated farming and as much as 38,10% of farmers prosperous based on income from the activity coffee agroforestry at community forestry. The results regression analysis variables influential real against earnings agroforestry is the land area and the dependents of family. Key words: income, income factors, welfare level

ABSTRAKAgroforestri merupakan salah satu bentuk pengelolaan kehutanan yang berkelanjutan secara ekologi, ekonomi dan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman jenis tanaman, menentukan pendapatan masyarakat dari agroforestri, dan menganalisis kesejahteraan petani agroforestri berdasarkan vegetasi menggunakan metode Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) dan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesejahteraan petani menggunakan pendekatan pendapatan yang disetarakan dengan harga beras (Sajogyo, 1997). Sebanyak 6 kelompok tani yang diambil sampelnya secara acak di setiap kelompok menggunakan rumus cluster sampling sehingga diperoleh 41 kepala keluarga petani agroforestri. Lahan kelompok tani Tanjung 49%). Kelompok tani DesaSumber Agung yang memiliki pendapatan tertinggi yaitu kelompok Umbul Kadu (251,28%) kemudian Sukawera (20,11%), Tanjung Manis (16,11%), Pemancar (14,65%), Mata Air (14,18%) dan yang terendah adalah Cirate (13,67%). Tingkat kesejahteraan petani pada gabungan kelompok tani Desa Sumber Agung berada dalam kategori sejahtera sebanyak 66,67% dan sebanyak 33,33% dapat dikategorikan belum sejahtera.Kata kunci: analisis vegetasi, keanekaragaman, pendapatan, tingkat kesejahteraan ABSTRACTAgroforestry was a form of sustainable forest management in ecological, economic and social. This research was aimed to identify the diversity of plant species, determining people's income from agroforestry, and analyzing the welfare of agroforestry farmers based on Importance Value Index (IVI) and to determine the level of farmers prosperity using the income approach based the price of rice (Sajogyo, 1997). Six groups of farmers were sampled randomly using cluster sampling formula to obtain 41 heads of agroforestry farming families. The field of Tanjung Manis farmers group in tree phase was dominated by durian tree (IVI = 734,08%), avocado (IVI = 398,70%) and cocoa (IVI = 178,37%). The field of Mata Air farmers group was dominated by candlenut (IVI = 61,48%) and rubber (IVI =

Indonesia and Philippines are homes of biodiversity in Southeast Asia. In recent years, however, there has been a decline in biodiversity brought about by land use change. This condition poses threat on the food security of communities around the watersheds. items the and physiological conditions of the watersheds, in this case,The type and volume of main food depend on ecological Way Betung and Molawin Dampalit. When edible food is sufficient in an area, and available there is higher livelihood that the communities are food secured. This paper argues based on research which has been conducted in May to November 2015 that the food security of communities in the selected agroforestry landscapes in Way Betung and Molawin Dampalit have moderate. Levels of its food security based on four dimensions, namely: food availability, food accessibility, food stability and food utilization. Amounted 261 Indonesia farmer's respondents and 106 Philippine's respondents mentioned that the farm households generally practice agroforestry where the production of short-term and medium-term agricultural crops, woody perennials and livestock are deliberately combined. The type of crops grown by farm households contribute to the level of food security.

One of nature conservation area in Indonesia is a Way Kambas National Park (WKNP). Ecotourism activities in TNWK located in Elephant Conservation Center (ECC), which success is determined by the satisfaction of visitors. The purpose of the study was conducted in May-June 2013 were to (1) determine factors of visitor satisfaction (2) determine the strategy of increasing visitor satisfaction at the Elephant Conservation Centre Way Kambas National Park. Survey methods used to conduct interviews with 98 respondents. The data used (1) characteristics of the attractions include service, cleanliness, facilities support and collection activities, (2) characteristics of visitors include visitor origin, sex, age, distance, duration of visit, number of visitors, education, motivation visit (tourist), the type of group (group), and the activity of visiting (see or ride an elephant). The model was used to determine the chances of qualitative factors that influence visitor satisfaction. Optimization parameters used software Minitab 16. The results showed that the significant factors of visitor satisfaction are distances, services, duration of visit and college and that does not include the effect is not real visitor origin, sex, age, number of visitors, motivation visit (tourist), the type of group (group), the activity of visiting (see or ride an elephant) hygiene, supporting facilities and collection activities. For visitor satisfaction improvement strategies by improving the attractiveness of the object ecotourism, ticket services, security, additional variations tourist attractions, and the addition of facilities and supporting infrastructure for the convenience of visitors. Tourist attractions, improvement and addition the facilities and supporting infrastructure for the convenience of visitors.

Agroforestry systems, with products in the form of robusta coffee, can increase income and environmental sustainability. The research objective is to find out the robusta coffee marketing channel. Retrieval of data through interviews with actors or institutions involved, observation, and documentation studies. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively about the structure, behavior, and market channels. The results of the study indicate that there are several marketing institutions, namely: farmers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and cooperatives. In addition, there are three channels of robusta coffee marketing, namely: (1) farmers to collectors, then wholesalers and retailers, (2) farmers to cooperatives, then retailers, and (3) farmers to cooperatives. The most efficient channel is the third channel, but most farmers choose to sell their coffee to the first channel. This is because of the closer distance to the collecting traders, the lending of money given to farmers by collecting traders, and the absence of special treatment for coffee sold. The market structure formed in coffee marketing is the oligopsonist market, where the price of coffee is determined by large traders. The capacity of cooperatives should be improved by the government in order to compete with collectors, wholesalers, and retailers.

Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is one of the many wild animals been domesticated, but so far there is no criteria for that propose. This research is a prelimenary effort in providing those criteria. This research began in April to May 2013.  The first step was to establish the norm of Suitable range of as many as 17 variables required for upholding the elephant life domestication area.  The Suitable norm range we determined through an exhausted study of previous researchs or literature available.  The next step was to determined the Less Suitable and the Not Suitable norms range for those 17 variables employed, e.i. by deviating by 25% and by 50% from the Suitable norm range respectively. The second step, we employed a Delphi Method in order to validate and refinary the three catagorical norms range of the 17 varibles concerned by mean of asking to some elaphant experts in our country.  We, then applied the deemed criteria to evaluate a practice of ephants management at The Sumatra Elephant Conservation Center (PKG) and the Elephant Response Unit (ERU), Way Kambas National Park. The research results: (1) We obtained the prelimenary criteria  as a rubric for Sumatran elephant domestication, and (2) The elephant nurturing practices at PKG and ERU were Suitable, except for the variables of population density, home range and elephant shading.