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Komunitas ikan karang merupakan bagian yang sangat penting dalam ekosistem terumbu karang, tidak hanya bagi ikan itu sendiri yang menjadikan ekosistem terumbu karang sebagai habitat vitalnya, yaitu sebagai tempat pemijahan (spawning ground), pengasuhan (nursery ground) dan mencari makan (feeding ground). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu Untuk mengetahui keanekaragamanjenis ikan karang di daerah rataan dan tubir pada ekosistem terumbu karang di Legon Boyo Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Jepara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum tentang ikan karangdi daerah rataan terumbu (reef flat) pada kedalaman 2-5 meter, maupun di daerah lereng terumbu (reef slope) pada kedalaman 6-11 meter, Legon Boyo kawasan Taman Nasional Karimunjawa. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini ada 3 tahap, yaitu (1) pengambilan data persentase penutupan karang, (2) pengamatan langsung ikan karang dengan metode sensus visual atau Visual Census Technique (VCT) belt transect dalam monitoring/penilaian sumberdaya ikan karang,(3) pengukuran kualitas air secara insitu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi habitat terumbu karang di Legon Boyo di kategorikan baik karena berada dalam kisaran 50% - 70%.Sebanyak 20 jenis ikan karang dari 10 famili ditemukan di perairan Legon Boyo, Karimunjawa yaitu: Acanthruridae, Apogonidae, Chaetodontidae, Gobidae, Mulidae, Pomacanthidae, Pomacentridae, Serranidae, Scaridae, Siganidae. Struktur komunitasnya termasuk dalam kategori baik dengan nilai H’ berkisar antara 2,183 – 2,425.

Abstract. Sofarini D, Herawati EY, Mahmudi M, Hertika AMS, Arfiati D, Musa M, Amin M, Supriharyono. 2019. Analysis of stomach content of piscivorous fishes caught in Danau Panggang Peatland, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3788-3793. The purpose of this study was to analyze the stomach content profile of piscivorous fishes caught at the reservaat station and the station without activity as The control station, in the Danau Panggang peatland. Sampling was carried out four times and the index of preponderance stomach content was determined in piscivorous fishes. The results showed there were nine fish species in the reservaat area, including Cryptopterus spp., Pangasius nieuwenhuisii, Chana striata, Anabas testudineus, Pangasius sp., Mastecembelus erythrotaenia, Macrognathus aculeatus, Mystus nigriceps, and Mystus nemurus. Their gut was dominated 89% by Chrysophyta, and 37.5% by Diatom and Navicula. In the area without activity, six species of fish were caught, including Cryptopterus spp, Pangasius nieuwenhuisii, Anabas testudineus, Pangasius sp, Mystus nigriceps, and Mystus nemurus, with 83% of their gut dominated by Diatom. The water temperature was 28.07-33.25º C, brightness (6-115 cm), pH of 4.23-6.97, dissolved oxygen (DO) (1.4-6.5 mg/L) and BOD (7.52-24.92 mg/L) i.e., water quality parameters that tend to be incompatible with the persistence of fishes. These limiting factors of peatland water and extreme conditions led to a limitation at availability of natural food for piscivorous fishes.

Tidung Island has the potential for the development of marine tourism area. Since 2009, the number of tourists visiting the area has been increasing every year. Without proper management, however, this condition might harm the surrounding ecosystem. This study aims to determine the suitability and carrying capacity of coastal tourism area in Tidung Island, Kepulauan Seribu. This study used the analyses of coastal tourism suitability index and carrying capacity of coastal area. The results showed the suitability index of the research locations was 94.05% with the carrying capacity of 180 tourists per day for the first location; the second location was 89.28% with the carrying capacity of 300 tourists per day; and for the third location was 94.05% with the carrying capacity of 60 tourists per day. The three research sites are categorized into very suitable in terms of the suitability as tourism spots.

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Issue on mangrove degradation and its impact viewed from ecological and anthropological aspects is constantly actual as it will reduce its vital function as a coastal protection from the danger of tsunami and abrasion, nutrient recycling, fisheries productivity biodiversity, dampening the rate of sea water intrusion and other coastal ecosystem crutches. This study aims to: determine the level of mangrove degradation; find out a model of mangrove area reduction dynamics due to the influence of ecological and anthropogenical factors including a model of perceptional correlation, to know community's perceptions and participation on mangrove degradation; then to further discover more effective strategies in dealing with coastal mangrove degradation in Brebes Regency coastal areas. In the research areas, three species of mangrove vegetation were discovered in proper number; they were Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia marina. Overall, Rhizophora mucronata had the highest density of 35.731 ind./ha. in Kaliwlingi Village, Sub District of Brebes. Mangrove areas in Brebes Regency generally decreased with the reduction rate of 68,46 ha./year. Ecological and anthropogenical factors had the cohesion of the dynamics of a vast reduction in mangrove Brebes coastal areas. The value of natural growth factor (99,60%), reforestation (97,40%), death (99,60%), logging (99,60%), and abrasion (99,60%). Most of the indicators of independent factors, perception and public participation factors showed a significant effect (valid) against the dependent factor (mangrove degradation) at 95% and 90% level of convidence, but the influence of ecological factors were more dominant than anthropogenical factor. The level of public perception had no effect on the level of participation. The results showed that degradation of mangrove forests in Brebes Regency coastal areas were still allowed to be maintained and could be developed. The order of strategies to manage mangrove degradation in Brebes Regency coastal areas were: (1) Improving the protection of the mangrove areas from ocean waves/abrasion through anchoring/ more effective breakwater; (2) Increasing the empowerment of potential mangrove areas through productive activities that increase the added value for improving the welfare of local communities while preserving the mangrove; (3) Making the implementation of regulations and optimizing the role of relevant agencies, civil society organizations, and the participation of local communities in conserving mangrove areas and developing it; (4) Strengthening the institutional system of government and public institutions in the management of mangrove areas for short, medium and long term; and (5) Improving outreach activities/community related to the importance of mangroves for coastal resource conservation.