Purpose To determine prognostic factors for open-globe Injuries (OGI).Methods Open-globe injuries referred to a tertiary referral clinic in Turkey between January 1998 and January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to find out the most important variables for poor visual outcome. Results Six hundred and thirty-three patients were studied with an average age of 24.37 ± 11.1 years (range 1-80).The male/ female ratio was 18.6/1. Most of the cases (48.2%) were conflict related, whereas the rate of work, accidental, and sports related cases were (33.1%), (17.9%) and (0.01%), respectively. Final visual acuity (VA) ranged from no perception of light (23%) to 200/200 (17.1%). The number of cases with a final VA > 20/200 were 388 (49.3%). Initial visual acuity < 20/200, ocular trauma score category 1, zone 3 injury, additional vitrectomy surgery, and lens damage were found to be the main variables related with poor visual outcome in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Besides ocular trauma score category and initial VA; zone of injury, additional surgeries, and initial lens damage had negative effects on visual outcome in OGI.

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AIM: To analyse the effect of systemic infl ammatory status in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) by calculating platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). METHODS: This retrospective case-control study included 200 patients with POAG, 22 patients with PACG and 100 healthy subjects. The participants' white-blood-cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts were recorded from previous blood assays. NLR and PLR were calculated manually. Results were compared among the groups. RESULTS: Both the POAG and PACG groups had higher platelet counts and PLR values than the control group (p=0.001 and p=0.001; respectively). The difference in NLR between POAG, PACG and control groups was not statistically signifi cant (p=0.076). The POAG group had higher NLR values than the control (p=0.035). CONCLUSION: Both the POAG and the PACG groups exhibited higher platelet and PLR levels than the control. These results indicate a potential role of systemic infl ammation in the pathogenesis of POAG and

Purpose: To evaluate the topical glaucoma eye drops adherence prevalence and its association with beliefs and illness perceptions about glaucoma in Turkey. We also aimed to explore the factors linked to patients’ total, voluntary, and involuntary non-adherence to medication in different patient attitudes. Material and Methods: A prospective study with cross-sectional design which included a total of 317 glaucoma patients who completed questionnaires. We assessed the adherence to medication, illness perceptions, and the beliefs about the glaucoma treatment by the “Reported Adherence to Medication scale,” “the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire,” and “the Beliefs about Medicine-Specific Questionnaire,” respectively. According to the RAM scale, voluntary and involuntary non-adherence scores were also distinguished. Different adherence categories in RAM scale were compared with perception and belief measures. Patient attitudes were assessed from the BMQ. We also performed attitudinal type comparisons with different adherence groups. Results: The full adherence prevelance to glaucoma medication was 40%. The proportion of voluntary and involuntary non-adherence was 26% and 57%, respectively. The adherence groups were similar in terms of belief measures but statistically different according to illness perceptions (consequences (p = 0.002), timeline (p = 0.008), personal control (p = 0.001), identity (p = 0.019), concerns (p = 0.003)), and attitude types (ambivalent (p = 0.030) and accepting (p = 0.029)). Conclusion: New strategies are required to improve patient adherence to glaucoma medication in Turkey. The beliefs about the glaucoma treatment and illness perceptions are also needed to be enhanced.

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Purpose: To compare the prevalence, magnitude and type of corneal astigmatism between Turkish individuals and Syrian refugees. Material and methods: Data of patients scheduled for cataract surgery between January 2019 and 2020 were reviewed. The patients were randomly stratified according to their ethnicity (Turkish individuals or Syrian refugees). Keratometry was performed with the keratometer of IOLMaster 500. Quantitative analysis was performed using the power vector method (J0 and J45). The association between age and astigmatism in the two groups was explored. Results: The study included 4085 eyes of 2049 patients (3962 eyes of Turkish individuals and 123 eyes of Syrian refugees). The mean magnitude of corneal astigmatism, J0, J45 and prevalence of against the rule (ATR) astigmatism and with the rule (WTR) astigmatism were 1.01 D, 0.06, 0.01 D, 37.6% and 43.7% in Turkish individuals and 1.13 D, −0.02, 0.07 D, 46.3% and 37.4% in Syrian refugees, respectively. There were no significant differences according to age, sex, right/left eyes, corneal astigmatism magnitude, keratometric values, J0 and J45 ( p > 0.05) between the two groups. Below 40 years of age, the mean corneal astigmatism magnitude in Syrian refugees was significantly higher than that in Turkish individuals ( p = 0.037). At all ages, ATR astigmatism prevalence was higher in Syrian refugees than in Turkish individuals. ATR astigmatic shift began at a younger age in Syrian refugees ( p = 0.037). Age- and sex-adjusted analysis showed that J0 was significantly lower in Syrian refugees than in Turkish individuals ( p = 0.013). Conclusion: The prevalence and magnitude of ATR astigmatism were higher and onset earlier in Syrian refugees than in Turkish individuals.

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