Kedelai potensial sebagai bahan pangan fungsional, di samping sebagai sumber protein. Hal ini berkaitan dengan keberadaan 12 jenis isoflavon pada biji kedelai, baik dalam bentuk glikosida maupun aglikon. Senyawa isoflavon bermanfaat bagi kesehatan karena memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang dapat mencegah kanker payudara, kanker kolon, osteoporosis, dan penyakit-penyakit degeneratif seperti penuaan dini, jantung koroner dan hipertensi, serta mengurangi sindrom menopause pada wanita. Kandungan isoflavon pada biji kedelai bervariasi dari 128 hingga 380 mg/100 g, dan yang dominan adalah genistein dan daidzein. Varietas unggul kedelai Devon 1 mengandung total isoflavon 221,97 mg/100 g dan varietas Devon 2 mengandung 30,37 mg/100 g untuk total genistein dan daidzein, sehingga masih terbuka peluang untuk meningkatkan kandungan isoflavon melalui perakitan varietas baru. Selain faktor genetis, kandungan isoflavon kedelai juga dipengaruhi oleh musim tanam, umur panen, pengairan, sinar UV dan kandungan unsur hara tanah, serta proses pengolahan. Perkecambahan dan fermentasi meningkatkan kandungan isoflavon, dan pemanasan dapat mengubah struktur kimia isoflavon. Tingkat konsumsi protein kedelai 25 g/hari atau setara asupan isoflavon 37-62 mg/hari diperkirakan dapat memenuhi 83% dari kebutuhan isoflavon harian yang dianjurkan.<br /><br />

Abstract:The expansion of planting areas on acid soils is one of the strategies to achieve Indonesian self-sufficiency program on food. Acidic soil has low pH that causes contents of Al, Fe, and Mn are high. In addition, acidic soil also only has low microbial population. These conditions make soybean growth is not optimal. This research consisted of two phases i.e., the first and second planting. The first planting was aimed to study the effectiveness of fertilizer treatment, with three replications, using cowpea commodity. The second planting was done without additional fertilizer that consisted of three replicates (continued from the first planting) using soybean. This research that was carried out at Iletri's greenhouse Malang in 2014 was arranged in a randomized block design consisting of eight treatments, namely: (a) control/without fertilizer; (B) 300 kg/ha (15% N, 15% P 2 O 5 , 15% K 2 O, 10% S); (C) 1500 kg/ha cow manure; (D) 3000 kg/ha cow manure; (E) 5000 kg/ha cow manure; (F) 1500 kg/ha fermented chicken + cow manures; (G) 3000 kg/ha fermented chicken + cow manures; and (H) 5000 kg/ha fermented chicken + cow manures. The results showed that organic fertilizer (cow manure) 5000 kg/ha had higher yields both in the first planting and second planting compared to inorganic fertilizer 300 kg/ha (15% N, 15% P 2 O 5 , 15% K 2 O, 10% S). Keywords: acid soil, cowpea, organic fertilizer, residual fertilizer, soybeanTo cite this article: Kuntyastuty, H. and Muzaiyanah, S. 2017. Effect of organic fertilizer and its residual on cowpea and soybean in acid soils. J. Degrade. Min. Land Manage. 5(1): 987-994,

Abstract. Harsono A, Elisabeth DAA, Muzaiyanah S, Rianto SA. 2020. Soybean-maize intercropping feasibility under drought-prone area in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3744-3754. The study aimed to determine the land productivity, economic feasibility, and soybean cultivar which is suitable for intercropped with maize in maize production center on dryland-upland in East Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted in Semanding and Merakurak Sub-districts, Tuban District, East Java, Indonesia at the end of rainy season (March-July 2019). The study used a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was planting patterns, namely: soybean intercropping with maize, maize monoculture, and soybean monoculture. The second factor was soybean cultivars, namely: Argomulyo, Dena 1, and Dega 1. The maize variety used was NK Hybrid 212. The result of study indicated that by intercropping and selecting appropriate cultivar, soybean could be developed on dryland-upland area. Soybean intercropping with plant spacing of 30 cm x 15 cm and two seeds per-hill and maize in double row with plant spacing of (40 x 20) cm x 200 cm and one seed per-hill was able to produce maize seeds yield as high as maize increase LER by 1.69, and increase farming income. Dena 1 intercropping with maize was able to provide higher benefit, economic feasibility, and land-use efficiency than Argomulyo and Dega 1, even though Dega 1 had the strongest competitiveness, and Argomulyo had the higher soybean yield.

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Intercropping soybean with corn on dry land with dry climate (DLDC) is an alternative program to expand the soybean cultivation harvested area. This study evaluated the effectiveness of fertilization performance in the intercropping of soybean-corn in DLDC. The experiment in this study was arranged in a randomized block design, consisting of seven fertilizer package treatments with four replications. The spacing between corn (Pertiwi 3) and soybean (Dena 1) was (50 cm x 200 cm) x 40 cm (2 plants/clump) and between soybeans (Dena 1) was 40 cm x 15 cm (2-3 plants/clumps). The observations consisted of soil analysis (pH, organic matter, total N (Kjeldahl), available P, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, K-dd, and Na-dd), soybean leaf chlorophyll index (45 and 60 days after planting/dap), plant height at (45 daps and harvest), number and weight of root nodules (45 daps); Corn: chlorophyll index (56 daps), plant height (harvest), analysis of corn and soybean plant tissue (60 daps), yield, and yield components of dry seeds of soybean and corn per hectare. The results showed that effective fertilization for the intercropped crops was 53 kg N + 1,500 kg of manure per hectare in corn plant and 7 kg N + 22 kg P2O5 + 18 kg K2O + 1,500 kg/ha manure + Rhizobium Iletrisoy/Agrisoy in soybean crops.

ABSTRAKHerbisida dapat menghemat tenaga tetapi menyebabkan terjadinya polusi sumber air, kerusakan tanah, dan meninggalkan residu toksik pada produk pertanian. Pemberantasan gulma yang ramah lingkungan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan bioherbisida antara lain alelopati daun siam (C. odorata). Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi (BALITKABI) Malang, pada bulan April 2017 menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial diulang tiga kali. Faktor pertama: konsentrasi ekstrak C. odorata terdiri dari: konsentrasi 0% (w/v), konsentrasi 10% (w/v), konsentrasi 20% (w/v), konsentrasi 30% (w/v). Faktor kedua: jenis komoditas, terdiri dari: kedelai, kacang hijau dan padi. Pembuatan simplisia diawali dengan pengovenan daun C. odorata segar pada suhu 65 ˚C selama 24 jam kemudian diblender. Ditimbang 60, 40, 20 gr simplisia tersebut dan direndam dengan etanol 95 % selama empat jam. Kemudian pada masing-masing level konsentrasi ditambahkan aquades sebanyak 200 ml dan disaring dengan kertas saring. Pengujian benih dilakukan dengan kertas CD yang terlebih dahulu dibasahi dengan larutan ekstrak, benih disusun diatas kertas CD dan diberdirikan. Selama perkecambahan kelembapan kertas dijaga dengan pemberian 10 ml larutan ekstrak sesuai dengan perlakuan tingkat masing-masing konsentrasi. Peubah yang diamati adalah panjang radikal (akar), panjang plumula, dan jumlah daun pada 4, 7 dan 10 hst. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun C. odorata dengan konsentrasi 20% (w/v) dan 30% (w/v) berpotensi sebagai bioherbisida yang dapat mengendalikan pertumbuhan gulma.

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Weed control is one of technology components in soybean production that needs high labor and cost. The objective of this study was to determine the major weeds and their controls for soybean grown after rice in lowland. The study was conducted in two stages. The first stage was a survey to observe the major weeds in soybean crops grown after rice in the farmers’ fields at three </span>central soybean production areas in Banyuwangi, namely Gambiran, Purwoharjo, and Tegal Dlimo subdistricts. The second stage was a trial conducted in lowland after rice in Genteng Research station, Banyuwangi during the dry season of 2013. The treatments were arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of: 1) without weed control, 2) weeding twice, 3) preemergence herbicide oxyfluorfen,(4) oxyfluorfen + postemergence 2,4-D dimethylamide, (5) oxyfluorfen + once hand weeding, and (6) once hand weeding. The results indicated that the major weeds were Oryza sativa, Cyperus rotundus, Ageratum sp., Echinochloa crusgalli, and Pilantus niruri consecutively. The weeds were effectively controlled by applying preemergence herbicide oxyfluorfen. This control method reduced the major weeds significantly and showed the same increase in seed yield as in other treatments (one and twice hand weeding) compared to the control treatment (without weeding).The soybean yield obtained from the treatment of without weeding,one hand weeding,and using oxyfluorfen herbicide was 0.60 t/ ha, 1.87 t/ha, and 1.93 t/ha, respectively.The use of oxyfluorfen herbicide is more efficient in terms of labor use than that of hand weeding. </p></div></div></div><p> </p>

ABSTRAK Luas panen kedelai di Indonesia pada 2017 hanya mencapai 355.799 ha dengan produksi 538.728 ton. Untuk mencapai swasembada, luas panen tersebut harus dapat ditingkatkan menjadi 1,2 juta ha dengan produktivitas 1,6 ton/ha. Peningkatan luas panen kedelai dapat dilakukan pada lahan kering dan iklim kering yang pemanfaatannya belum maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produktivitas dan kelayakan teknis paket teknologi budidaya kedelai tumpang sari dengan jagung di lahan kering beriklim kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim hujan (MH) 2017/2018 di Kecamatan Tegaldlimo, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur pada zona iklim D3 (3–4 bulan basah/tahun) dengan jenis tanah vertisol, mengikuti pola tanam padi gogo – jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cara tanam tumpang sari kedelai dengan jagung baris ganda setelah panen padi gogo, mampu memberikan hasil biji jagung kering 2,03 ton/ha dan kedelai 1,50 ton/ha. Cara tanam ini lebih menguntungkan daripada tanam jagung atau kedelai monokultur yang berturut-turut memberikan hasil 3,50 ton/ha dan 1,85 ton/ha biji kering. Hasil kedelai dan jagung pada saat penelitian tidak maksimal karena selama pertumbuhan curah hujan hanya 194 mm, sehingga tanaman terutama jagung mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Keuntungan usahatani kedelai monokultur, jagung monokultur, dan kedelai tumpang sari dengan jagung berturut-turut adalah Rp8.633.500,00; Rp5.039.400,00; dan Rp11.090.600,00 per ha. Tumpang sari kedelai dengan jagung mampu memanfaatkan lahan lebih efisien dengan Nilai Kesetaraan Lahan (NKL) 1,39. kata kunci: jagung, kedelai, lahan kering beriklim kering, tumpang sari ABSTRACT Soybean harvested area in Indonesia in 2017 only reached 356,799 ha with a total production of 538,728 tons. To achieve self-sufficiency, the harvested area must be increased to 1.2 million ha with a productivity of 1.6 tons/ha. To increase the harvested area, soybean can be developed in a dry land with dry climate that has not been utilized optimally. The study aimed to evaluate the productivity and technical feasibility of soybean intercropping with maize in a dry land with a dry climate. The study was conducted in the rainy season of 2017/2018 at Tegaldlimo Sub-district, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province in the D3 climate zone (3–4 wet months/year) at vertisol soil using the cropping pattern of upland rice-maize.The results indicated that soybean is intercropping with maize in a double row after upland rice harvesting was able to provide the dry seeds yield of maize 2.03 tons/ha and soybean 1.50 tons/ha. This planting method was more profitable compared to maize monoculture yielding 3.50 tons/ha or soybean monoculture yielding 1.85 tons/ha dry seeds yield. The yields of soybean and maize in the study were not optimal due to low precipitation to only 194 mm during the plant growth, so the crops, particularly the maize experienced drought stress. The benefits of soybean monoculture, maize monoculture, and soybean intercropping with maize farming were 8,633,500 IDR, 5,039,400 IDR, and 11,090,600 IDR per ha, respectively. The soybean intercropping with maize was also able to utilize land more efficiently with a Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) of 1.39. keywords: maize, soybean, dry land with dry climate, intercropping