Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is a tuber crop native to the tropics that belongs to the Araceae family. Porang is a potential tuber crops that has been known in Indonesia for a long time, but the value of its product has not been widely disclosed. The planting area covers over 45,000 ha with East Java as the main production areaMadiun-East Java has a long and the oldest history of porang cultivation in Indonesia and has great potential for porang development. Characterized and officially released its local cultivar as an official released cultivar would protect the local germplasm and can be used as a basis for character improvement. Porang Madiun 1 cultivar has morphological characteristics of compound leaf type, dark green-green leaf color. The color of the leaf edges is pink, but as the age of the plant increases, the leaf edges turn white. Porang leaf surface smooth-wavy, hairless. The edges of porang leaves are smooth- wavy, depend on sunlight intensity. Stem shape was round, stem color was green with white spots and longitudinal lines, The pattern of spots on the stems has a sparse density, with the color of the stems varying depending on the age of the plant. Shape of bulbil was irregular round with various size. Average corm weight of Madiun 1 was 0.1 kg for first year porang plant, 0.4 kg for second year porang plant, and 1.6 kg for third year it became 1.6 kg with the average number of bulbils 1.8, 4.9, and 16.7, respectively
Indonesia has large swamplands that could be developed into agricultural land for food crops. The physico-chemical characters of the soil in this agroecology, however, are generally unfavorable for the crop growth. Soybean yield of more than 2.0 t/ha might be achieved by implementing a suitable cultural practice. The objective of the current research was to evaluate the effectiveness, technical as well as financial feasibilities of improved soybean cultural practice (Kepas technology) on swampland. The research was conducted on swampland, in Jambi and South Kalimantan Provinces in 2018 on an area of 40 ha and 11 ha, respectively. The main components of the Kepas technology consisted of Anjasmoro improved variety, drainage canal on every 2.5 m or 3 m, soil amelioration using 750 kg/ha dolomite plus 1 t/ha organic fertilizer, and inorganic fertilization of 150 kg/ha Phonska and 100 kg/ha SP36. Results showed that practicing of such technology was effective to increase soybean grain yield on swampland, achieving an average of 2.3 t/ha in Jambi and 1.9 t/ha in South Kalimantan. The Kepas technology was technically and financially considered feasible, with the R/C ratio of 2.02 and 1.46, and the B/C ratio of 1.02 and 0.46 in Jambi and South Kalimantan, respectively. Break even points (BEP) of applying Kepas technology was Rp 4,445 per kg of grain at a yield of 1.14 t/ha and Rp 5,818 per kg of grain at a yield of 1.30 t/ha in Jambi and South Kalimantan, respectively.
<p class="teks">Tumpangsari (TS) kedelai dengan padi gogo atau jagung merupakan salah satu strategi meningkatkan luas panen dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model tanam TS padi gogo (pg)+ kedelai (kd) dan TS jagung (jg)+ kedelai (kd) yang optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan di IP2TP Kendalpayak mulai Oktober 2018 hingga Januari 2019. Perlakuan terdiri atas kombinasi empat model tanam dengan dua varietas kedelai (Dega 1 dan Dena 1) termasuk pemupukannya pada TS pg+kd dan TS jg+kd. Varietas padi gogo dan jagung berturut-turut Inpago 10 dan Bima 19. Model tanam (M) pada TS pg+kd terdiri atas: M1: 75% pg + 91% kd tanpa pupuk, M2: 37% pg + 91% kd tanpa pupuk, M3: 37% pg + 152% kd dipupuk 23-36-30 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pupuk kandang (pukan), dan M4: 18% pg+72% kd dipupuk 23-36-30 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Padi gogo ditanam bersamaan dengan kedelai, dengan dosis pemupukan 144,5-52,5-52,5 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Model tanam pada TS jg+kd terdiri atas: M1: 150% jg ditanam 3 minggu setelah kedelai + 114% kd dipupuk 38-15-15 kg/ha N, P, K, M2: 150% jg + 114% kd dipupuk 107-15-15 kg/ha N, P, K + 2,5 t/ha pukan, M3: 150% jg + 227% kd dipupuk seperti pada M2, dan M4: 52% jg + 70% kd dipupuk 23-36-36 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Dosis pemupukan jagung 167,5-52,5-52,5 kg/ha N, P, K + 1 t/ha pukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model tanam optimal pada TS padi gogo + kedelai adalah Model 1 dan Model 2 menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1, dengan keuntungan masing-masing Rp9.086.500 dan Rp8.896.500/ha. Model yang optimal pada TS jagung + kedelai adalah Model 1 menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1 dengan keuntungan Rp20.121.400/ha. Masing-masing model tanam tersebut mempunyai keunggulan dalam hal produktivitas dan perolehan keuntungan dibandingkan model lainnya yang diuji. Oleh karena itu, pada TS padi gogo + kedelai dengan Model 1 atau Model 2 atau pada TS jagung + kedelai dengan Model 1 lebih dianjurkan menggunakan kedelai varietas Dega 1 dibandingkan Dena 1.<br /><br /></p>
The target of the Government of Indonesia (the GoI) for achieving soybean self-sufficiency in 2018-2020 makes some efforts for increasing soybean production requiring the increase of productivity, as well as harvest area, should be done. The rainfed area is an excellent potential for soybean cultivation area expansion in Indonesia. The area reaches 3.1 million ha in Indonesia with 413,000 ha are in South Sulawesi Province. It mostly does not use for soybean cultivation due to limited water availability. Cropping patterns in the rainfed area are paddy - fallow, paddy - corn, paddy - soybean, or paddy - mungbean depends on the water availability. The productivity of soybean in the rainfed area is around 1.5 t/ha, and it is expected to be increased in the range of 1.8-3.2 t/ha. Dissemination of biofertilizer technology for soybean in the rainfed area named “Biodetas” was conducted during the dry season of 2017 in Tompobulu Sub-district, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Components of “Biodetas” technology introduced include (1) the use of biofertilizer (Agrisoy), (2) the reducing of NPK fertilizer use, (3) the use of leaf fertilizer, as well as (4) the use of organic fertilizer. The dissemination scale was 40 ha then compared to 5 ha of the existing cultivation. Research aimed to determine factors affecting farmers to adopt the biofertilizer technology of “Biodetas”. Research used regression analyses using a binary logic model with the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 program. Variables used were farmers’ experience on soybean cultivation, formal education, the extent of soybean planting area, soybean production, income from soybean, rice, and other farming activities, as well as dummy variables for land ownership status, biofertilizer production inputs access, improved seed access, and higher production cost should be provided by farmers. The application of “Biodetas” was able to increase soybean yield to 2.7 t/ha, 71% higher compared to the existing technology that produced 1.6 t/ha soybean. It is economically feasible to be adopted by farmers with B/C ratio1.2. The determinant of technology adoption by farmers was the extent of the soybean planting area. The larger soybean planting area will accelerate the adoption of technology. It may be related to landowners’ economic capability to provide the necessary production inputs to obtain the optimal yield.
This study aims to determine the regional leading sector of Kepahiang Regency as the information and considerations in planning economic development. Secondary data such as time series of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Kepahiang and Bengkulu in the period 2011-2014 are applied. Klassen Typology and Location Quotient (LQ) are tools of analysis. The results of the analysis based on two analysis tools indicate that the leading sector with the criterias developed, base, and competitive is agricultural sector. The results showed that the agricultural sector can be used as a leading sector in Kepahiang Regency with criteria of the advanced sector and grow rapidly and is the base sector. Seberang Musi Sub-district has the most potential for cultivation of food crops and plantations with 13 commodities that become the base sector. For the specialization of food crop base sector is Kaba wetan Subdistrict with 5 commodities with base criteria and for plantation crops Merigi and Seberang Musi subdistricts with 9 commodities crops.
<p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keunggulan kompetitif agronomis dan ekonomis 15 genotipe kedelai pada tumpangsari jagung dengan kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP Kendalpayak Malang pada Maret-Juli 2018, menggunakan 12 galur harapan kedelai dan tiga varietas pembanding, yaitu Dena 1 dan Dena 2 (toleran naungan) serta Grobogan (ukuran biji besar dan umur genjah). Perlakuan disusun berdasarkan rancangan petak terbagi, empat ulangan. Petak utama adalah pola tanam (monokultur dan tumpangsari jagung dengan kedelai), sedangkan anak petak adalah 15 genotipe kedelai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tumpangsari menurunkan hasil kedelai dan jagung masing-masing 61,53% dan 31,05% dibandingkan monokultur. Pada pola tanam tumpangsari, hasil jagung tertinggi dicapai pada tumpangsari jagung dengan genotipe Grob/Pander-395-2, dan hasil kedelai tertinggi dicapai pada tumpangsari jagung dengan genotipe Grob/IT-7-2. Genotipe kedelai berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai koefisien kepadatan relatif (K), nilai agresivitas (A), nisbah kesetaraan lahan (NKL), nisbah kompetitif (NK), dan kehilangan hasil aktual (KHA) pada tumpangsari jagung dengan kedelai. Genotipe Grob/IT-7-2 merupakan kompetitor terkuat, dan memiliki dominasi terbesar bagi tanaman jagung dalam tumpangsari jagung dengan kedelai. Namun, berdasarkan nisbah R/C, indeks keuntungan finansial (IKF), nisbah kesetaraan pendapatan (NKP), dan nisbah kesetaraan lahan (NKL), keuntungan terbesar dicapai pada tumpangsari jagung dengan kedelai genotipe Grob/IT-7-7.<br /><br /></p>
Research to assess soybean yields planted under palm oil trees was conducted in North Sumatera, Indonesia. This research aimed to provide information on soybean varieties that were most suitable for planting under palm trees. Two experiments were conducted in the palm tree areas i.e. under one-year-old (IP 1) and two years old (IP 2) of the palm tree. In each site, the experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with two replications. The main plot was spacing row arrangements, i.e. double-spacing (50 cm x (30 cm x 20 cm) and single-spacing (40 cm x 15 cm), whereas the subplot was soybean varieties consisted of Dega 1, Dena 1, Argomulyo, and Anjasmoro. Research results showed that the average seed yield obtained in IP 1 was higher than IP 2, and soybean planted in a single-spacing produced higher seed yield compared to double-spacing. Argomulyo variety was superior in IP 1 with a seed yield of 3.66 t/ha and Dena 1 was the most superior in IP 2 with a seed yield 2.17 t/ha, both in single-planting arrangements.
ABSTRAK Tumpang sari merupakan modifikasi pengaturan tanaman yang dapat memberikan peningkatan hasil secara nyata dengan investasi tenaga kerja minimal. Peningkatan produktivitas dalam tumpang sari kedelai dengan ubi kayu dapat dicapai melalui penggunaan genotipe kedelai yang sesuai untuk tumpang sari, dikarenakan setiap genotipe menunjukkan respons yang berbeda terhadap tumpang sari penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi kesesuaian genotipe kedelai untuk tumpang sari dengan ubi kayu berdasarkan hasil dan produktivitas lahan yang dinilai berdasarkan rasio kesetaraan lahan. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2016 di Kebun Percobaan Kendalpayak, Malang, menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi diulang tiga kali. Petak utama adalah 55 genotipe kedelai (50 galur harapan dan 5 varietas pembanding, yaitu Argopuro, Panderman, Dena 1, Dena 2, dan Grobogan) dan anak petak adalah pola tanam, yaitu monokultur dan tumpang sari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tumpang sari kedelai dengan ubi kayu menyebabkan tanaman kedelai mengalami cekaman naungan, dengan tingkat naungan 6290, 4377, dan 040% masing-masing untuk posisi baris pertama, kedua, dan ketiga. Terdapat enam genotipe kedelai yang sesuai untuk ditumpangsarikan dengan ubi kayu, yaitu Grob/Argom313-2, Grob/Pander395-3, Grob/Pander405-3, Grob/Pander428-1, Grob/Pander429-2, dan Grob/IAC439-2 dengan nilai LER ≥1,8 yang merupakan batas seleksi 10% terhadap LER. Empat kombinasi diantaranya (Grob/Pander395-3, Grob/Pander405-3, Grob/Pander428-1, dan Grob/IAC439-2) memberikan peningkatan hasil ubi kayu antara 7,719,7% dan pengurangan hasil kedelai antara 21,438,5%. Sedangkan, dua kombinasi lainnya (Grob/Argom313-2 dan Grob/Pander429-2) memberikan pengurangan hasil ubi kayu sebesar 1,4 dan 8,5% serta pengurangan hasil kedelai sebesar 23,5 dan 7,1%. Kata kunci: hasil, kedelai, naungan, rasio kesetaraan lahan, ubi kayu
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