Abstract. Ovarian carcinoma is a primary malignant process that occurs in the ovaries. This disease is commonly found in postmenopausal women with various clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and complications. This study aims to determine how ovarian carcinoma is based on the characteristics of clinical symptoms, comorbidities, complications, and age in patients at Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung for the period January 2018-December 2019. The population in this study were patients with ovarian carcinoma at Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung. . The sampling technique used in this study was the total sampling technique, covering all patients with ovarian carcinoma at RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung for the period 2018-2019. The results showed that the number of patients hospitalized in RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung for no longer than 5 days was 72.5%. In addition, the number of ovarian carcinoma patients at Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung with the most clinical symptoms detected, namely anemia by 47.83%, comorbidities, namely uterine myoma and gastritis by 40.00%, complications namely sepsis and pleural effusion by 33.33%. , and most have an age between 30-50 years at 47.50%. Abstrak. Karsinoma ovarium adalah proses keganasan primer yang terjadi pada ovarium. Penyakit ini umumnya dijumpai pada wanita usia pasca menopause dengan berbagai macam gejala klinis, penyakit penyerta, dan komplikasi yang timbul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana karsinoma ovarium berdasarkan karateristik gejala klinis, penyakit penyerta, komplikasi, dan usia pada pasien di RS Al-Ihsan Bandung periode Januari 2018 – Desember 2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien penderita karsinoma ovarium di RS Al-Ihsan Bandung. Teknik penentuan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik total sampling, mencangkup seluruh pasien penderita karsinoma ovarium di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung periode 2018–2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah pasien yang dirawat inap di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung paling lama kurang dari 5 hari sebesar 72,5%. Selain itu jumlah pasien karsinoma ovarium di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung yang paling banyak terdeteksi gejala klinis yaitu anemia sebesar 47,83%, penyakit penyerta yaitu mioma uteri dan gastritis sebesar 40,00%, komplikasi yaitu sepsis dan efusi pleura sebesar 33,33%, serta paling banyak memiliki usia antara 30-50 tahun sebesar 47,50%.
Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a set of metabolic symptoms characterized by hyperglycemia, occurring due to insulin resistance, insulin malfunction, or both.. DM type 2 is a disease that has had a high increase in prevalence, over the past 15 years in Bandung. Hypertension is the most common condition accompanying DM Type 2. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristic picture of type 2 DM patients with hypertension in Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital Bandung for the 2019-2021 period. This research is an observational descriptive study conducted with a cross-sectional design. The subjects in this study were dm type 2 patients with hypertension at Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital Bandung for the 2019-2021 period, totaling 2057 people selected with total sampling, using secondary data from medical record. The results of this study showed that in type 2 DM patients with hypertension at Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung more occurred at the age of 55-64 years with a total of 815 (39.62%), there were 1383 female patients (67.23%), and the majority of patients residing in Bandung Regency, namely 1983 (96.40%). Abstrak Diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 adalah sekumpulan gejala metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia, terjadi karena resistensi insulin, kegagalan fungsi insulin, atau keduanya. DM tipe 2 mengalami peningkatan prevalensi tinggi selama 15 tahun terakhir di Bandung. Hipertensi merupakan keadaan yang paling sering menyertai DM Tipe 2. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pasien DM tipe 2 dengan hipertensi di Rumah Sakit Al-Ihsan Bandung periode tahun 2019-2021. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional yang dilakukan dengan rancangan potong lintang. Subjek dalam penelitian ini merupakan pasien DM tipe 2 dengan hipertensi di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung periode 2019-2021 yang berjumlah 2057 orang dipilih dengan total sampling dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada pasien DM tipe 2 dengan hipertensi di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung lebih banyak terjadi pada usia 55-64 tahun dengan jumlah 815 (39,62%), pasien perempuan lebih banyak dibandingkan pasien laki-laki yang berjumlah 1383 (67,23%), serta mayoritas pasien bertempat tinggal di Kabupaten Bandung yaitu sebanyak 1983 (96,40%).
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia is high, contributing to the fourth mortality rate for non-communicable diseases in Indonesia. The population of T2DM patients spread across all provinces, including West Java, which is the most populous province in Indonesia. One of the referral hospitals in West Java is Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital in Bandung regency. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of T2DM patients who came to Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital according to age, gender, and comorbidities parameters. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study using secondary data from medical records of T2DM patients between January 2017 and November 2020. The results were the highest prevalence and incidence of T2DM were in 2017 with as many as 5,051 and 653 respectively; the highest gender each year was female, range between 584–3,333, with the highest male: female ratio of 1:2 in 2017; the age group with the highest prevalence was 55–65 years which was 3,468 (39.53%); and top five comorbidities were hypertension (35.68%), cataracts (6.01%), osteoarthritis (3.58%), pulmonary tuberculosis (2.92%) and dyspepsia (2.91%). This study concluded that the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital were high, with the predominant female patients, elderly, and comorbid hypertension. KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUD AL-IHSANAngka kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) di Indonesia cukup tinggi, menyumbangkan angka kematian keempat penyakit tidak menular di Indonesia. Penderita DMT2 tersebar di seluruh provinsi, termasuk Jawa Barat yang merupakan provinsi terpadat di Indonesia. Salah satu rumah sakit rujukan di Jawa Barat adalah RSUD Al-Ihsan di Kabupaten Bandung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan karakteristik pasien DMT2 yang datang ke RSUD Al-Ihsan dilihat dari usia, jenis kelamin, dan komorbid. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien DMT2 periode Januari 2017 hingga November 2020. Didapatkan bahwa prevalensi dan insidensi DMT2 tertinggi pada tahun 2017 sebesar 5.051 dan 653 masing-masing; jenis kelamin terbanyak pada setiap tahun adalah wanita sebesar 584–3.333 dengan rasio pria:wanita tertinggi 1:2 pada tahun 2017; kelompok usia dengan prevalensi tertinggi adalah 55–65 tahun sebesar 3.468 (39,53%); dan lima komorbid tertinggi adalah hipertensi (35,68%), katarak (6,01%), osteoartritis (3,58%), tuberkulosis paru (2,92%), dan dispepsia (2,91%). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah prevalensi dan insidensi DMT2 di RSUD Al-Ihsan tinggi dengan pasien terbanyak wanita, lanjut usia, dan komorbid hipertensi.
Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit tidak menular dengan insidensi terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Salah satu komplikasi DM tersering adalah nefropati diabetik yang ditandai dengan albuminuria. Sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) inhibitor merupakan golongan obat antidiabetik yang bersifat insulin independen dan diharapkan menurunkan kejadian kerusakan fungsi ginjal. Kurangnya penelitian dan informasi obat golongan ini di Indonesia menyebabkan peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan tujuan mengetahui efektivitas pemberian obat golongan SGLT-2 inhibitor pada pasien DM tipe 2 terhadap penurunan kejadian albuminuria. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah scoping review, dengan bahan penelitian artikel dari jurnal internasional yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Artikel ini kemudian diseleksi menggunakan diagram PRISMA dengan mempertimbangkan Population (DM tipe 2), Intervention (pemberian SGLT-2 inhibitor), Comparison (plasebo atau anti diabetik lain), Outcome (penurunan albuminuria), Study (RCT dan Cohort retrospective). Didapatkan dari 13 artikel bahwa obat SGLT-2 inhibitor yang digunakan bervariasi yaitu canagliflozon (6), empagliflozin (3), dapagliflozin (2), ertugliflozin (2), dan yang tersering digunakan adalah canagliflozin ditemukan pada 6 artikel (50%). Golongan obat SGLT-2 inhibitor memiliki kecenderungan yang sama, dapat ditoleransi dengan baik dan efektif dalam menurunkan kejadian albuminuria melalui mekanisme perubahan hemodinamik ginjal, dengan urin albumin-kreatinin rasio (UACR) sebagai parameter. Scoping ReviewSGLT-2 Inhibitors Effective to Reduce Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease with an increasing incidence every year. One of the most common complications of DM is diabetic nephropathy which is characterized by albuminuria. Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) Inhibitors is a class of anti-diabetic drugs that are insulin-independent and expected to reduce the incidence of impaired kidney function. The aim of this study was to ensure the effectiveness of SGLT-2 inhibitor drug administration in type 2 DM patients to reduce the incidence of albuminuria. The method used is scoping review, with research articles from international journals sorted by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These articles was selected using the PRISMA diagram by considering Population (DM type 2), Intervention (administration of SGLT-2 inhibitors), Comparison (placebo or other anti-diabetic), Outcome (decreased albuminuria), Study (RCT and retrospective cohort). It was obtained from 13 articles that the SGLT-2 inhibitor drugs used varied, canagliflozon (6), empagliflozin (3), dapagliflozin (2), ertugliflozin (2), and the most commonly used was Canagliflozin found in 6 articles (50%). The SGLT-2 inhibitor class of drugs has the same tendency, well-tolerated, and effective in reducing the incidence of albuminuria through the mechanism of renal hemodynamic changes, with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) as a parameter.
Aedes aegypti mosquitoes exhibit specific behavior when choosing their nest. This study was conducted on April 2021 and aimed to assess the correlation between the oviposition habit of female Aedes sp. and the features of a house in 34 adjacent houses in the Tamansari area. Ovitraps were placed indoors and outdoors at each house. The number of mosquitoes that laid eggs were estimated by dividing the number of eggs found in the ovitrap by the average number of eggs produced by female mosquitoes. Data about the features of the houses were obtained by observing the houses and interviewing the house owners. Results showed that 79.41% of the houses had the Aedes sp.’s egg in an ovitrap. There was a correlation between the number of indoor oviposition mosquitoes and the number of occupants (p=0.04; r=0.35). There was also a correlation between the number of outdoor oviposition mosquitoes and the ratio of the house’s area (m2) per number of occupants (p=0.03; r=0.36). We conclude that mosquitoes prefer to nest inside a house with a lot of occupants and prefer to nest outside a house that is spacious and has few residents. Keywords: aedes, house, oviposition
Mahasiswa FK tingkat pertama masih dalam masa adaptasi sehingga kesulitan dalam melakukan aktivitas perkuliahan yang dapat mengganggu kualitas tidur. Kualitas tidur dapat mempengaruhi kognitif sehingga jika kualitas tidur seseorang buruk akan menurunkan kinerja kognitif. Aspek kognitif yang menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis hubungan kualitas tidur dengan derajat konsentrasi pada mahasiswa FK Unisba tingkat pertama tahun akademik 2022/2023. Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan metode cross-sectional atau potong lintang. Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 108 orang yang dipilih dengan consecutive sampling. Data primer kualitas tidur diambil melalui google form dengan kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) sedangkan data primer derajat konsentrasi diambil secara langsung dengan grid concentration test. Pengolahan data penelitian dilakukan secara komputerisasi meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar memiliki kualitas tidur yang baik (60%) sedangkan derajat konsetrasi pada mahasiswa FK Unisba tingkat pertama dominan buruk (71%). Dari 43 orang dengan kualitas tidur buruk 37 diantaranya memiliki derajat konsentrasi yang buruk (86%) dan didapatkan nilai p=0,006. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan kualitas tidur dengan derajat konsentrasi pada mahasiswa FK Unisba tingkat pertama.
In the development of new drugs as candidates for cancer therapy agents, cytotoxic testing is needed as an initial screening to determine the effect of a natural substance in inhibiting tumour cell growth. One of the active compounds of flavonoid derivatives that are being studied as anticancer is a compound derived from clove leaf oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxic activity of flavonoid compounds from clove leaf oil on liver cancer cell culture and make comparisons with standard drugs for cancer therapy. Examination of cytotoxic activity was carried out on HepG2 cell line culture used MTT method. The absorbance of each well was measured with spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 595 nm. The absorbance results were calculated to create a cytotoxic curve. Based on the cytotoxic curve, IC50 values of flavonoid compounds, doxorubicin and cisplatin were 50.62μg/mL, 20.25μg/mL, 15.42μg/mL respectively. Those showed that flavonoid compounds from clove leaf oil have strong anti-cancer activity (IC50<100μg/mL) against liver cancer cells. It was concluded that flavonoid compounds isolated from clove leaf oil were shown to have anticancer activity on liver cancer cell and thus could be used as a new candidate for liver cancer therapy agents.
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