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In this study, a robust superhydrophobic ZnO microparticle coating was applied to the surface of a polyurethane sponge through a simple solvothermal and chemical vapour deposition method. The thickly hierarchical ZnO microparticle and the long chain alkyl of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane make the sponge exhibit excellent superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. By combining excellent superwetting characteristics and a larger surface area, the resulting sponges exhibited high oil-absorption capacity and selectivity for oilwater separation. The durability of the sponge was investigated by two methods, one is ultrasonication in acetone and hexane, the other is anti-resistance in acid and alkali solution. Reusability was tested by repeated absorption-desorption processes. Owing to the good adhesion between the coating and the sponge, the as-prepared sponge shows high durability and reusability. Moreover, the sponge can degrade toxic methylene blue under ultraviolet light irradiation. Therefore, this paper offers a simple and low-cost strategy for the fabrication of absorption materials.

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The extensive Changba‐Lijiagou Pb‐Zn deposit is located in the north of the Xihe–Chengxian ore cluster in West Qinling. The ore bodies are mainly hosted in the marble, dolomitic marble and biotite‐calcite‐quartz schist of the Middle Devonian Anjiacha Formation, and are structurally controlled by the fault and anticline. The ore‐forming process can be divided into three main stages, based on field geological features and mineral assemblages. The mineral assemblages of hydrothermal stage I are pale‐yellow coarse grain, low Fe sphalerite, pyrite with pits, barite and biotite. The mineral assemblages of hydrothermal stage II are black‐brown cryptocrystalline, high Fe shalerite, pyrite without pits, marcasite or arsenopyrite replace the pyrite with pits, K‐feldspar. The features of hydrothermal stage III are calcite‐quartz‐sulfide vein cutting the laminated, banded ore body. Forty‐two sulfur isotope analyses, twenty‐five lead isotope analyses and nineteen carbon and oxygen isotope analyses were determined on sphalerite, pyrite, galena and calcite. The δ34S values of stage I (20.3 to 29.0‰) are consistent with the δ34S of sulfate (barite) in the stratum. Combined with geological feature, inclusion characteristics and EPMA data, we propose that TSR has played a key role in the formation of the sulfides in stage I. The δ34S values of stage II sphalerite and pyrite (15.1 to 23.0‰) are between sulfides in the host rock, magmatic sulfur and the sulfate (barite) in the stratum. This result suggests that multiple S reservoirs were the sources for S2– in stage II. The δ34S values of stage III (13.1 to 22‰) combined with the structure of the geological and mineral features suggest a magmatic hydrothermal origin of the mineralization. The lead isotope compositions of the sulfides have 206Pb/204Pb ranging from 17.9480 to 17.9782, 207Pb/204Pb ranging from 15.611 to 15.622, and 208Pb/204Pb ranging from 38.1368 to 38.1691 in the three ore‐forming stages. The narrow and symmetric distributions of the lead isotope values reflect homogenization of granite and mantle sources before the Pb‐Zn mineralization. The δ13CPDB and δ18OSMOW values of stage I range from –0.1 to 2.4‰ and from 18.8 to 21.7‰. The values and inclusion data indicate that the source of fluids in stage I was the dissolution of marine carbonate. The δ13CPDB and δ18OSMOW values of stage II range from –4 to 1‰ and from 12.3 to 20.3‰, suggesting multiple C‐O reservoirs in the Changba deposit and the addition of mantle‐source fluid to the system. The values in stage III are –3.1‰ and 19.7‰, respectively. We infer that the process of mineralization involved evaporitic salt and sedimentary organic‐bearing units interacting through thermochemical sulfate reduction through the isotopic, mineralogy and inclusion evidences. Subsequently, the geology feature, mineral assemblages, EPMA data and isotopic values support the conclusion that the ore‐forming hydrothermal fluids were mixed with magmatic hydrothermal fluids and forming the massive dark sphalerite, then yielding th...

The Woxi Au-Sb-W deposit in the western Hunan Province, China, is of hydrothermal vein type characterized by a rare mineral assemblage of stibnite, scheelite and native gold, of which gold fineness ranges from 998.6 to 1000. The mineralization sequence observed in the deposit is, from early to late, coarse-grained pyritescheelite -stibnite -Pb-Sb-S minerals -sphalerite (+ cubanite) -fine-grained pyrite. Native gold may have precipitated with scheelte. Microthermometric and LA-ICP-MS analyses of fluid inclusions in scheelite, quartz associated with scheelite and stibnite and barren quartz clarified that there may be at least three types of hydrothermal fluids during the vein formation in the Woxi deposit. Scheelite and native gold precipitated from the fluid of high temperature and salinity with high concentrations of metal elements, followed by stibnite precipitation. The later fluid of the highest temperature and salinity with low concentrations of the elements yielded the sphalerite mineralization. The latest fluid of low temperature and salinity with low concentrations of the elements is observed mainly in barren quartz. The remarkably high Au/Ag concentration ratios determined in the fluid inclusions in scheelite might be the reason for the extremely high gold fineness of native gold.

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This paper presents a low power, high sensitivity Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) demodulator with a flexible frequency offset canceling method for wireless networks for industrial automation process automation (WIA-PA) transceiver fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The receiver uses a low-IF (1.5 MHz) architecture, and the transmitter uses a sigma delta PLL based modulation with Gaussian low-pass filter for low power consumption. The active area of the demodulator is 0.14 mm2. Measurement results show that the proposed demodulator operates without harmonic distortion, deals with ± 180 kHz frequency offset, needs SNR only 18.5 dB at 0.1% bit-error rate (BER), and consumes no more than 0.26 mA from a 1.8 V power supply.