Analysis of consumer behavior needs to be studied in a more holistic way to understand what factors lead consumers to buy on impulse. The primary aim of this study was to determine the influence of demographic factors on the Impulse Buying Behavior (IBB) of the consumers of supermarkets. It was aimed to study the impact of demographic factors (age, gender, and income), on the type of IBB (reminder, pure, suggestion and planned IBB). In this research the quantitative research method was used for analysis and getting the results. The population of this study comprised of consumers in supermarkets situated in Karachi. The samples in this study were those who were shopping at the selected supermarkets in Karachi. Convenience sampling was used to gather the information from 300 respondents. Descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were executed using SPSS for testing the stated hypothesis of the study. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting primary data. The results of the study indicated that the Demographic factors significantly influence pure impulse buying behavior and suggestion impulse buying behavior.
The pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan is a very demanding market that is always subject to competitive pressures. This research objects to define the interaction (Intrinsic, Extrinsic) of motivational factors for the salesforce teams in pharmaceuticals with respect to company performance. It will test the relevance of modern motivation theories in their attempt to explain the importance of the determinants of motivation in the context of performance by the sales force in Karachi, Pakistan For the execution of the current research and catering to the research questions in an effective manner, researcher opts for quantitative research design. In this research, the study has focused on selecting the population who belong only from the industry of pharmaceutical companies operating in Karachi. The sample size selected is based on 200 participants belonging from only pharmaceutical-based organizations. The research is based on using the primary method that involves collecting data or information directly from the real world. The design of questionnaire initiates from the demographic info to motivational factors like intrinsic variables, extrinsic variables along with the mediating variables and ending with company factor of performance questions. Data is analyzed by means of statistical tests and quantitative strategies. Primary data collected through the survey process is analyzed by Multiple Regression Analysis. The results and analysis indicated that there is a statistically significant impact of extrinsic variables on the motivation level of salesforce. In addition to this, it is also identified that increased level of motivation of sales force results in effective sales performance that leads towards effective process of organizational goals establishment.
It is frequently observed that stress has appeared to be one of those influential factors that have critical impacts on human life; especially, the performance of a person, which is the key aspect of human life, is impacted by stress. The purpose of this research was to extend the existing body of knowledge on the relationship between occupational stress and employees' organizational commitment into the context of banking sector of Pakistan. This qualitative study is comprise of 303 respondents The statistical techniques that were used were Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Structural equation modeling (SEM). Employees were analyzed for their affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitments. Results shows that there is a positive or significant relationship between occupational role stress and affective commitments of employees, which implied that higher score on occupational role stress prompted lower score on affective occupational commitment of the Bank representatives. It was likewise discovered that the way of association additionally influenced the relationship between occupational role stress and other two types of organizational commitments i.e. continuance and normative commitments of employees. The level of significance for employees working in banking sectors of Pakistan was found to be insignificant for continuance and for normative commitment. These results approved that there is an opposite relationship between occupational role stress and normative and continuance commitment as compared to affective job responsibility of employees.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.