Academic stress is the most common emotional or mental state that students experience during their studies. Stress is a result of a wide range of issues, including test and exam burden, a demanding course, a different educational system, and thinking about future plans upon graduation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between academic stress, psychological distress, coping and self-efficacy among undergraduate university students during COVID 19. The sample of the research was 302 undergraduate students (males=95 and females=207) with the age ranges 18 years to 25 years (M=1.41, SD=0.46), from the city of Karachi. Purposive Convenient sampling technique was used. All the participants were provided with the link of Google forms which comprised of the following measures: consent form, demographic form, Perception of Academic Stress Scale (Bedewy & Gabriel, 2015), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler & Mroczek, 1992) , coping scale (Hamby, Grych, & Banyard, 2015) and General self-efficacy scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995) were used. For the statistical analysis SPSS version 22 was used. The analysis revealed that there is a significant predictive relationship of Academic Stress with Psychological Distress (R 2 = .039, F = 12.18, P<.05), whereas significant negative relationship of academic stress with coping and self-efficacy is found (p<0.01). Moreover, significant positive relationship is found between psychological distress and coping and significant negative relationship is found between psychological distress and selfefficacy (p<0.01). Also, significant gender difference is found in the scores of academic stress and psychological distress (p<0.05). This study will help researchers, faculty and psychologist to increase their awareness of sources of academic stress among students, their coping and level of psychological distress and to develop an intervention plan to reduce academic stress and psychological distress among students.

This article is drawn from PhD dissertation and the prime purpose of this research is to study the perspective of female university teachers regarding impact of formative assessment on learning at university level in Karachi (Pakistan) and to suggest the appropriate practices of formative assessment to enhance the learning. The scope of the study is limited to female faculty members of education in the universities in Karachi. The survey design, research strategy, was adopted for the study. The target population, for the study, was 136 female faculty members of education in the universities (public and private) in Karachi (Pakistan). Simple Random Sampling (SRS) design was adopted to select the universities as a unit of sampling and female faculty members of the same universities were the sample size. In this process 66 Female faculty members were selected as sample size from different eight (8) universities. The questionnaire was adopted as research instrument. Data was analyzed and it was found that the formative assessment enriches learning. In the light of findings concrete recommendations were made.

Objective: To  determine  the  association  between  circulating  levels  of  omentin-1,  a  novel adipocytokine and coronary artery disease in the local population of Karachi. Methods: A total of 350 subjects were included  in  the  study  from  June  2016  to  December  2016.  About 250 patients, who had undergone coronary angiography in Karachi Institute  of  Heart  Disease (KIHD) and Civil Hospital Karachi (CHK) and 100 served as healthy controls. Serum concentrations of omentin-1 were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at Dr. A Q. Khan In- stitute of Biotechnology (KIBGE) and lipid profile, fasting  blood  sugar  were  done  at  KIHD  lab.  Coro- nary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular disease  risk  factors  were  evaluated  by  using  the  software SPSS 16. Independent sample t-test and chi-square tests were used to analyse the clinical and demographic characteristics  of  data.  Simple  logistic  regression  and  then  multivariate  analysis  were performed to evaluate correlations between CAD and all other parameters. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. This research is part of MPhil thesis and there  are  two research papers; (1) Serum Omentin-1 Levels with CAD (current paper) and (2) genetic polymor- phism/mutation of omentin-1 gene in  developing  CAD.  Latter  is  also  in  process  of  publication. Results:  Serum omentin-1 levels were found to be lower in patients with CAD as compared to controls (456 ± 99 vs  739  ±  72;  p<0.01).  Serum  concentration  of  omentin-1  was  negatively  correlated with body waist circumference (39.95 ± 3.1  vs  30.95  ±  3.7;  p<  0.05),  whereas  positively  associated with serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) levels (25.9 ± 6.2 vs 42.3 ± 10; p< 0.05). Moreover, multiple logistic regression  analysis  demonstrated  that  serum  omentin-1  concentration  was  indepen-  dently correlated with CAD. Conclusion: The current study has suggested that  serum  concentrations  of  omentin-1  might  be  re- lated to pathogenesis and progress of CAD.

It is frequently observed that stress has appeared to be one of those influential factors that have critical impacts on human life; especially, the performance of a person, which is the key aspect of human life, is impacted by stress. The purpose of this research was to extend the existing body of knowledge on the relationship between occupational stress and employees' organizational commitment into the context of banking sector of Pakistan. This qualitative study is comprise of 303 respondents The statistical techniques that were used were Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Structural equation modeling (SEM). Employees were analyzed for their affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitments. Results shows that there is a positive or significant relationship between occupational role stress and affective commitments of employees, which implied that higher score on occupational role stress prompted lower score on affective occupational commitment of the Bank representatives. It was likewise discovered that the way of association additionally influenced the relationship between occupational role stress and other two types of organizational commitments i.e. continuance and normative commitments of employees. The level of significance for employees working in banking sectors of Pakistan was found to be insignificant for continuance and for normative commitment. These results approved that there is an opposite relationship between occupational role stress and normative and continuance commitment as compared to affective job responsibility of employees.

This study was aimed to explore the relationship of ego resilience, perceived social support and depression with job satisfaction of women working in different job sector (i.e. education, medicine, entrepreneur and others). After comprehensive literature review, it was hypothesized that there will be a positive relationship of ego resilience and perceived social support with job satisfaction, whereas there will be negative relationship of depression on job satisfaction. A sample of 135 working women was taken through purposive sampling technique. The age range of participants was between 25-50 years (Mean = 2.9, SD= 1.3). The measures, used in the study are: demographic information form, Ego Resilience Scale (ER89), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R-20), Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). Data were analyzed using SPSS (22.0). Correlation was conducted to find out the results. The study proved that ego resilience and perceived social support have a positive relationship with job satisfaction, whereas depression has a negative relationship with job satisfaction. Avenues for future research are open for different work settings including factors like ego resilience, perceived social support and depression among working women.