Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a leading cause of deleterious changes in the placenta resulting in decreased blood supply towards the placenta. The objective of the current study was to analyze the histo-morphometric variations in the placenta of women with or without known pregnancy-induced hypertension. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out in the Gynecology and obstetrics section of Nazeer Hussain Medical Complex, Hyderabad in collaboration with Isra University, Hyderabad from March 2019 to August 2019. A total of 100 placentae were selected and divided into two groups (control and study groups) based on the presence or absence of hypertension in pregnancy. The observations of the control group placenta were compared with the study group placentas. All placentae were observed for morphometric and histological changes. SPSS ver. 22 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: There was an increase in the mean weight of placentae among the control group as compared to the group having known hypertension cases and the difference was statistically significant (p-value <0.05). The fetoplacental weight ratio was increased among the hypertension group when compared to the statistically insignificant control group (p-value <0.05). Various gross (infarction, calcification) and histological changes (hyalinised villi, intervillous hemorrhage, decreased villous vascularity) were observed in the placentae of the hypertensive group as compared to the normal group. Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that Preeclampsia/PIH poses harmful and serious histo-morphometric variations in the placental tissues that affect fetal outcome.
Aim: To study the comparative effect of Acetaminophen induced liver toxicity with aqueous extract of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) and vitamin E on the basis of liver Histopathology. Methods: Sixty Wistar Rats of both sexes were split into four groups. Each group contained 15 animals. The control group was group A, Group B was treated orally with single dose of Paracetamol 2 mg / kg by weight, Group C was administrated orally with aqueous Neem extract 500 mg/kg +2 mg/Kg by weight oral Paracetamol, and Group D was given orally paracetamol+Neem extract+Vitamin E with 100mg/Kg/body weight for 15 days. Rats from all groups were decapitated, the liver was sliced, and liver tissues were taken for histological examination. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, embedding in paraffin followed by Hematoxylin and Eosin dye (H&E) and observed under 400x magnification with a digital microscope. Results: On Histopathological examination of the rat`s liver in we found that the control group had a normal appearance, colour, and uniform surface without any necrosis. Group B showed severe necrosis and haemorrhagic patches. In comparison, Group C revealed normal appearance, colour, and smooth surface with no necrotic alterations. Livers from the group D looked virtually normal in terms of colour, undersurfaces, and organ weight. However, hepatoprotective effects were observed in the Group C and D. Therefore, we can conclude that Azadirachta indica and Vitamin E could serve as a good medication for defence against liver injury. Conclusion: Our findings showed thatextract of Azadirachta Indica and Vitamin E exhibited hepatoprotective effects on the Wistar rats that were subjected to Acetaminophen. Key words: Azadirachta Indica leaf extract, Vitamin E, hepatoprotective Paracetamol, Wistar rats.
The aims and objectives of current study were to provide best surgical services to diabetic burn patients by identifying their after skin graft complications. Focus was essential on the process of burn treatment with an emphasis on early excision and grafting. The frequency percentage mean standard deviation of percentage of burn, random diabetes levels, burn grade, burn surface area and TBSA in Group A (2.5 ± 1.6,10 ± 1.4, 1 ± 1.0, 4 ± 2.1, 2 ± 1.6) and Group B(4.1 ± 2.4, 16 ± 2.7, 1.6 ± 1.5, 6 ± 3.1, 4 ± 1.8) were calculated respectively. Similarly the rejection of skin grafts mean standard percentage deviation of diabetic and non-diabetic patients were (32.12 ± 11.12), (15.10 ± 12.15). The results of this study were highly significant (<0.005) and remarkable complicational changes were noted in the variables of diabetic than non-diabetic patients.
Aims and objectives: To identify physiological, biochemical and anatomical changes in obese women of our community for health awareness were the aims and objectives of this study and it was conducted from October 2021 to March 2022 at different medical institutes of Pakistan comparatively. Materials and Methods: 300 total women of 30-40 years of age group were selected and divided them into two different groups. In Control group there was 100 normal women while in obese group, 200 women were sort out. BMI, skin fold thickness, random glucose levels, uric acid levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and Disc height index were measured comparative. Raw data of all variables were presented through bio-statistically model SPSS-2018. Mean standard deviation and significant (p<0.05) changes were consider for the description of obtained results. Results: Different parameters such as BMI, skin fold thickness, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, disc height index, random glucose and uric acid levels of group-2 (34.12 ± 0.01, 33.2±0.01, 140.01± 0.04, 90.01± 0.01, 6.6 ± 0.04, 150.11± 0.04, 7.02± 0.01) showed a significant changes (p<0.05) than group-1(20.07± 0.03, 28.6±0.04, 118.02± 0.01, 69.02± 0.02, 7.4 ± 0.02, 130.01± 0.02, 4.12± 0.03) randomly. Conclusion: In this study BMI, skin fold thickness, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, disc height index, random glucose and uric acid levels are biomarkers were showed a significant changes in obese women as compared with the normal women. It has seen that obesity caused severe metabolic changes in the biological system which is so harmful for human health. Keywords: Basic metabolic index, Skin fold thickness, Skin fold thickness.
The aims and objectives of this study were to find out the anatomical changes among patients after gall bladder surgery and to provide awareness of disease in our population. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective treatment option for gallstone disease that can be performed at tertiary care hospital with minimal morbidity. The findings of current study described that a significant(p<0.05) changes in mean standard deviation of BMI, Systolic BP, diastolic BP and serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL after six months of cholecystectomy in both male and female were seen respectively. Because of these facts remarkable anatomical abdomen changes were identified in patients after six months of Laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy. Keywords: Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopy, Cholelithiasis, Complications
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