Aim: To study the comparative hepatoprotective effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract in acetaminophen (Paracetamol) induced liver toxicity. Methods: About 60 mixed population of rats (male/female) of Wistar and Sprague-Dawley species were randomly selected for the proposed study and are segregated into four equal groups. Every group contains 15 animal subjects. Group A was the control group given normal diet. In Group B, the rats were treated with a single dose of 2gm / kg body weight paracetamol, orally. Simultaneously, Group C were given an oral Neem extract of 500mg/kg body weight for 2 weeks days in combination with single dose of Paracetamol, while Group D were provided with 6.7ml/Kg/body weight Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) for 15 days. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0 with level of significance being kept at p-value ≤0.05. Results: The mean values of ALT were 23.1, 100.5, 29.85, and 31.09 U/L in Group A, B, C, and D respectively. While, the mean values of AST were 25.6 U/L (Group A), 41 U/L (Group B), 19.3 U/L (Group C), and 15.2 U/L (Group D). The ALP showed maximum response indicated by the mean values of 221 U/L, 444 U/L, 241 U/L, and 243 U/L in Group A, B, C, and D respectively. Group B suggested the paracetamol induced liver toxicity indicated by the increase in hepatic DMEs right after the acetaminophen induction. Conclusion: Azadirachta Indica and Virgin Coconut Oil displayed hepatoprotective effects on the Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats that were subjected to Paracetamol. Keywords: hepatic, Drug Metabolizing enzymes, Acetaminophen, Virgin coconut oil, Neem extract, Paracetamol, Wistar
ABSTRACT… Objectives:To determine the effects of Allium sativum essential oil (ASEO) phytotherapy on serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDLc, LDLc and blood cell counts in albino rat model. Study design: Experimental study. Setting and Duration: Animal House, Sindh Agriculture University and Isra University Hyderabad from May 2014 to January 2015. Materials and Methods: 60 albino rats were divided into four groups. Controls were given Placebo. Experimental rat groups were given ASEO 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg orally for 30 days. Cardiac puncture was performed for blood sampling. Research variables were analyzed on Statistix 10.0 (USA). Results: Blood lipids showed significant reduction in various blood lipid fractions. Serum LDLc exhibited with a concomitant rise in serum HDLc (p =0.0001) in high ASEO treated rats. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelet showed significant improvement ASEO fed rats (p=0.001). Conclusion: Allium sativum essential oil (ASEO) phytotherapy showed a rise in HDLc and a reduction in LDLc, triglycerides and total cholesterol with improvement in red blood cell counts. Key words:Allium sativum essential oil Blood lipids LDLc HDLc Blood cell counts Rats. Article Citation: Irshad F, Mawani H, Naz S. Allium sativum essential oil (ASEO); effect of supplementation on serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDLC, LDLC and blood cell counts in albino rats. Professional Med J 2017;24(4):612-616.
Objective: To analyze effects of turmeric in glycemic control and insulin secretagogue activity in alloxan induced diabetic rat model. Study Design: Experimental Study. Setting: Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro/Hyderabad. Period: February 2019 to January 2020. Material & Methods: A sample of 100 adult male rats was selected according to inclusion criteria. Rats were grouped as negative control (group A), positive control – diabetic rats (group B), and experimental groups C – E. Group C- was diabetic rat + 100 mg ethanol extract of turmeric, Group D- was diabetic rat + 300 mg ethanol extract of turmeric, and Group E- was diabetic rat + 500 mg ethanol extract of turmeric. Overnight fasting rats were administered Alloxan 120 mg/Kg body weight intraperitoneally (i.p) by pinching abdominal wall under skin for the induction of diabetes mellitus in the rats. Blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1 (A1C) and serum insulin were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS package (ver. 21.0, IBM, incorporation, USA) at p≤ 0.05 (Confidence interval 95%). Results: Blood glucose, A1C and serum Insulin levels were improved in turmeric treated experimental rats. Significant reduction in blood glucose and A1C were found in turmeric treated rats (P=0.0001). Serum insulin levels were found increased in turmeric treated experimental groups C – E compared to positive control B (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Administration of turmeric significantly reduced the blood glucose and A1C with increased serum insulin levels in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
Aim: To study the comparative effect of Acetaminophen induced liver toxicity with aqueous extract of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) and vitamin E on the basis of liver Histopathology. Methods: Sixty Wistar Rats of both sexes were split into four groups. Each group contained 15 animals. The control group was group A, Group B was treated orally with single dose of Paracetamol 2 mg / kg by weight, Group C was administrated orally with aqueous Neem extract 500 mg/kg +2 mg/Kg by weight oral Paracetamol, and Group D was given orally paracetamol+Neem extract+Vitamin E with 100mg/Kg/body weight for 15 days. Rats from all groups were decapitated, the liver was sliced, and liver tissues were taken for histological examination. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, embedding in paraffin followed by Hematoxylin and Eosin dye (H&E) and observed under 400x magnification with a digital microscope. Results: On Histopathological examination of the rat`s liver in we found that the control group had a normal appearance, colour, and uniform surface without any necrosis. Group B showed severe necrosis and haemorrhagic patches. In comparison, Group C revealed normal appearance, colour, and smooth surface with no necrotic alterations. Livers from the group D looked virtually normal in terms of colour, undersurfaces, and organ weight. However, hepatoprotective effects were observed in the Group C and D. Therefore, we can conclude that Azadirachta indica and Vitamin E could serve as a good medication for defence against liver injury. Conclusion: Our findings showed thatextract of Azadirachta Indica and Vitamin E exhibited hepatoprotective effects on the Wistar rats that were subjected to Acetaminophen. Key words: Azadirachta Indica leaf extract, Vitamin E, hepatoprotective Paracetamol, Wistar rats.
Objective: To analyze modulating effect of Curcuma longa on Pancreatic Islet β-cell function and insulin resistance in alloxan induced diabetic rat model. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Pathology, SRMCH, T. Adam. Period: February 2019 to January 2020. Material & Methods: One hundred adult male rats were selected according to criteria and grouped A to E. Group A and B was negative and positive control rats, and C –E were diabetic experimental rats. Alloxan (120 mg/Kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p) to induce diabetes mellitus. Curcuma longa was used in doses of 200, 300 and 500 mg/d for 28 days. Body weight, blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin and C-peptide were estimated. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β- cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated by formulae. Data was analyzed on SPSS package ver. 21.0 (IBM, incorporation, USA) (p≤ 0.05). Results: Twenty eight days therapy of Curcuma longa extract ameliorates blood glucose, A1C, serum Insulin levels and C-peptide levels. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was found improved and β- cell function (HOMA-β) was augmented in in Curcuma longa treated experimental rats (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Administration of Curcuma longa positively modulates the Islet β-cell function and insulin resistance in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
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