Background and Objective: Obesity is the adverse outcome of modern living which has affected both the physical and mental health. Slim Smart and Ultra Slim Plus are the most frequently purchased over the counter products by desperate obese persons in Pakistan having Garcinia cambogia (GC) as the main active ingredient. This study is conducted to determine the effect of GC containing Slim Smart and Ultra Slim Plus drugs on the morphology of hepatocytes in male albino mice. Methods: Ninety albino mice were divided into control group A, experimental groups B and C receiving Slim Smart and Ultra Slim Smart respectively. Each group was further divided into subgroup I and II and the drug was administered to experimental groups for 4 and 8 weeks respectively via oral gavage. After the completion of experiment, histological examination of liver was conducted. Results: Marked enlargement of hepatocytes was observed in experimental groups B and C (both I & II) along with ballooning degeneration and fatty change in the cytoplasm. Conclusion:Both Slim Smart and Ultra Slim Plus has hepatotoxic effects resulting in increase in hepatocyte size, ballooning degeneration and fatty change in liver cells.
Objective: The main objective of this study was to check clinically that Coronary Heart Disease in our local population caused by obesity. Study design: It is a comparative clinical study. Place and duration: Current clinical study was conducted in Lahore Medical & Dental College Lahore, Pakistan from December 2021to March 2022. Methodology: In Group X, 25 normal individuals were selected while in Group Y, 75 patients with Coronary Heart Disease were considered respectively. Intensity of Shoulder or arm pain, Shortness of breath, lipid profile, BMI, oxygen saturation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG). Lipid profile were performed through blood sample, Oxygen saturation levels were measured through oximeter, blood pressure with sphygmomanometer. The bio-statistically model SPSS was applied for the presentation of collected raw data. Results: Different parameters such as BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Intensity of Shoulder or arm pain, oxygen saturation, blood serum cholesterol, blood serum triglycerides, blood serum LDL, blood serum HDL levels and electrocardiogram (ECG) were measured comparatively in current study. The levels of these variables in Group-X and Group-Y were (18.02±01.02, 118.1±01.01, 72.01±0.01, 0.01±0.01, 99.0±0.03, 198.01±0.04, 138.02±0.02, 125.01±0.03, 45.01±0.01), (28.01±01.04, 178.0±01.03, 96.01±09.04, 90.01±0.02, 94.0±0.03, 268.01±0.01, 208.01±0.04, 185.01±0.01, 35.01±0.04) measured respectively. Conclusion: In present study different parameters such as BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Intensity of Shoulder or arm pain, oxygen saturation, blood serum cholesterol, blood serum triglycerides, blood serum LDL, blood serum HDL levels and electrocardiogram (ECG) were measured in both Group-X and Group-Y and a significant (P≤0.05) changes were observed in individuals of Group-Y than the Group-X comparatively. Keywords: Body mass index, Obesity, Coronary Artery Disease, Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with marked increase in insulin resistance. The objective of study is to determine the relation of gestational diabetes with serum leptin and serum insulin levels during pregnancy and postpartum period. Methods: This case control study conducted on total ninety samples that include cases and controls taken after 24 weeks of gestation. The case sample included 40 pregnant women with GDM and 10 women with GDM at postpartum stage. The control sample included 30 normal pregnant women with no GDM and 10 normal women at postpartum. Fasting serum leptin and fasting serum insulin were measured by ELISA. HOMA index was calculated by fasting serum insulin and fasting blood glucose. Results: Serum leptin (30.89 ± 1.35), serum insulin (27.67 ± 1.32) and HOMA index (8.33 ± 0.53) significantly high in gestational diabetic women than normal pregnant (p<0.05) during pregnancy. However, after delivery of fetus, serum leptin, serum insulin and HOMA index in gestational diabetics significantly decreased compared to during gestation period. Hence a positive correlation of GDM was determined against serum leptin and HOMA index. Conclusion: Serum leptin level is raised in GDM which has a positive correlation with insulin resistance. This study finds that the serum leptin levels may use as a marker to early screen and diagnose Gestational diabetes.
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