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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tigecycline in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia. We retrospectively evaluated the outcome of adult patients with culture proven MDR A. baumannii pneumonia treated with tigecycline between January 2009 and March 2011. The study comprised a total of 72 MDR A. baumannii pneumonia cases (44 men, mean age 65.9±15.0). Tigecycline was used for a mean duration of 10.7±4.8 days. Microbiological eradication was observed in 47 cases (65.3%). Overall mortality was 55.5% and was lower in cases with microbiological eradication vs others (15/47 32% vs 25/25 100%, p<0.0001). Mortality and microbiological eradication rates were not different with monotherapy vs combination therapy (p>0.05). Patients who died had lower albumin levels, higher APACHE-II scores and CRP levels. The microbiological eradication rate of tigecycline in MDR A. baumannii was considerable. However, eradication of A. baumannii did not result in favorable clinical outcomes in those patients with low albumin, higher APACHE-II scores and CRP levels.

IntroductionStaphylococcus aureus is a globally important cause of healthcare-associated infections. Moreover, it is a very successful antimicrobial-resistance developer (1). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus is an important nosocomial pathogen in Turkey and many other countries (1,2). Nosocomial methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection rates differ according to countries, regions, and hospitals (1-4). Ten, 50, and 90 percentile methicillinresistance rate in S. aureus strains causing healthcareassociated infections in Turkish tertiary-care university hospitals were 8.05%, 43.24%, and 78.26% in 2012, respectively. The overall cumulative MRSA rate in the 373 hospitals was 53.88% (1672/3103) (5). Periodical control of resistance rates in major nosocomial pathogens is important in the selection of empirical therapy regimens.In the present study it was aimed to evaluate the resistance patterns and incidence of microbiologically confirmed nosocomial bacteremia (MCNB)-related S. aureus strains between 2001 and 2013 retrospectively. Materials and methodsAny patient in whom S. aureus was isolated in at least one set of blood cultures (sent to the bacteriology laboratory 72 h after hospital admission) was considered to have MCNB. Data of antibacterial resistance and hospital admission duration were extracted from the hospital database. Double or more isolates during each episode Background/aim: Staphylococcus aureus is an important nosocomial pathogen and a successful antimicrobial-resistance developer. In this study we retrospectively evaluated the resistance patterns and incidence of microbiologically confirmed nosocomial bacteremia (MCNB) related S. aureus strains between 2001 and 2013.Materials and methods: Any patient in whom S. aureus was isolated in at least one set of blood cultures (sent to the bacteriology laboratory 72 h after hospital admission) was considered to have MCNB.

Bordetella pertussis infection is common in young infants hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis, mostly as co-infection with respiratory viruses. The clinical features of pertussis in the infants are not characteristic. Viral bronchiolitis and pertussis cases could not be differentiated by clinical findings. Co-infection with pertussis did not affect the clinical outcome in infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis.

A symmetrical finite strip containing a transverse symmetrical crack at the midplane is considered. Two rigid plates are bonded to the ends of the strip which are subjected to tensile axial loads. The material of the strip is assumed to be linearly elastic and isotropic. To verify the analytical solution provided previously by the authors, the problem is first solved numerically using a general purpose finite element code family MSC.MARC. Then, in order to see whether the verified results can be reproduced experimentally, laboratory tests are conducted according to the ASTM standards.

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IntroductionAcinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative, nonfermentative coccobacillus. It is increasingly recognized as a major pathogen causing nosocomial infections, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, urinary tract, and wound infections, particularly in patients admitted to burn therapy and intensive care units (1). One of the most alarming characteristics of this bacterium is its ability to develop resistance to the majority of available antibiotics, including carbapenems, which are drugs of choice in severe infections (2). Several mechanisms responsible for resistance to carbapenems have been described in A. baumannii isolates: decreased outermembrane permeability, efflux-pumps, target-site modifications, and synthesis of carbapenemases (3). Among these, production of carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinases (CHOs) or class D carbapenemases stands out as the most common resistance mechanism (4,5). The Amber class D carbapenemases of A. baumannii can be divided into six subgroups: OXA-51-like (intrinsic-chromosomal), OXA-23-like, OXA-40/24-like, OXA-58-like, OXA-143-like, and OXA-235-like (6). Types and frequency of CHOs may vary among different countries and centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of primary CHO types in clinical A. baumannii strains isolated from a 2000bed regional university hospital. Materials and methods Bacterial strains and determination of imipenem minimum inhibitory concentration valuesSeventy-six carbapenem nonsusceptible clinical A. baumannii isolates, one per patient, were selected from 122 clinical isolates collected between January and March 2012 by Ege University Hospital, Turkey. Isolates were obtained from blood (n = 18), tracheal aspirates (n = 28), bronchial Background/aim: Acinetobacter baumannii is an important causative agent of nosocomial infections, and carbapenems have been frequently used in the treatment of these infections. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of primary carbapenem hydrolyzing oxacillinase (CHO) types in clinical A. bumannii strains.Materials and methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 76 imipenem nonsusceptible A. baumannii strains, isolated from a tertiary care hospital, were determined by microdilution method. The clonal relationship of the isolates was analyzed with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR, and the presence of CHO major groups (OXA-23; OXA-24, OXA-51, and OXA-58 groups) was investigated with multiplex PCR.Results: According to the ERIC-PCR patterns, the isolates were distributed in 13 different clones, the largest of which had 40 members. bla OXA-51-group was detected in representatives of all clones, whereas bla OXA-23-group was detected in representatives of all but two small clones. Additionally, the presence of bla OXA-58-group was discovered in the members of two small clones, whereas bla OXA-24-group was not encountered in any of the examined strains. Conclusion:Molecular fingerprinting revealed that most imipenem-resi...