In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones against common respiratory pathogens

Aydemir, Sabire; Tünger, Alper; Çilli, Fatma Feriha

doi:10.1590/s0043-31442006000100003

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For WDT evaluation of pharmacological compounds in target tissues, it was necessary to consider the administered dosage, therapy time and species. CP, as the main and crucial metabolite generated from ENR biotransformation, also had antibacterial activity for the treatment of bacterial infections (Aydemir et al, 2006; Hickerson and Carson, 2006; San et al, 2007; Schilt, 2012). According to European Medicines Agency (EMA) regulation, the target tissues for ENR and CP residue were liver, muscle and kidney 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

et al. 2017

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A new, more palatable formulation of 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules was investigated to evaluate the pharmacokinetic effect in plasma, the residue elimination in tissues and the clinical efficacy against Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) and Mycoplasam suis (MS) in pigs. In this study, the enrofloxacin concentrations in plasma and tissues were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography with phosphate buffer (pH = 3) and acetonitrile. The pharmacokinetics and elimination of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules were performed after oral administration at a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (bw) and 5 mg/kg twice per day for 5 consecutive days, respectively. The in vivo antibacterial efficacy and clinical effectiveness of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS were assayed at 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, compared with tiamulin (8 mg/kg) based on establishment of APP and MS infection models. 56 APP strains were selected and tested for in vitro antibacterial activity of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules. The main parameters of elimination half-life (t1/2β), Tmax, and area under the curve (AUC) were 14.99 ± 4.19, 3.99 ± 0.10, and 38.93 ± 1.52 μg h/ml, respectively, revealing that the enrofloxacin concentration remained high and with a sustainable distribution in plasma. Moreover, the analysis on the evaluation of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in muscle, fat, liver and kidney showed that the recovery were more than 84% recovery in accordance with the veterinary drug residue guidelines of United States pharmacopeia, and the withdrawal periods were 4.28, 3.81, 4.84, and 3.51 days, respectively, suggesting that the withdrawal period was 5 d after oral administration of 5 mg/kg twice per day. The optimal dosage of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS was 5 mg/kg, with over 90% efficacy, which was significantly different (p < 0.05) to the 2.5 mg/kg group, but not to the 10 mg/kg group or the positive control group (tiamulin). In conclusion, 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules had significant potential for treating APP and MS, and it provided an alternative enrofloxacin palatability formulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

et al. 2017

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“…As CIPRO is an ENRO metabolite, with microbiological activity and it is part of the MRL, it was also included in the analytical method validation. This metabolite is also currently used in human medicine for the treatment of bacterial infection (Aydemir et al. , 2006; Hickerson & Carson, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Withdrawal time of four pharmaceutical formulations of enrofloxacin in poultry according to different maximum residues limits

Martín

Cornejo

Lapierre

et al. 2009

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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To ensure delivery of safe animal products to consumers, the withdrawal time (WDT) of drugs must be respected. Property differences among pharmaceutical formulations, for the same drugs, can lead to differences in the WDTs estimation. The WDTs of four commercial formulations of enrofloxacin (ENRO) in broiler chickens, considering MRLs established by different countries, were studied. Two hundred-thirty-four broiler chicks were allotted among four groups; the formulations were orally administered daily with 10 mg/kg bw. After treatment, six chickens of each group and two controls were slaughtered daily until day 9 post-treatment. Samples of muscle and liver were collected, and analyzed using HPLC-MS-MS. The WDTs among formulations of ENRO showed differences of 24 and 48 h. Based on the European Community and Chile MRLs of 100 microg/kg (muscle) and 200 microg/kg (liver), the WDTs did not exceed 5 days. When Japan MRL was considered (10 microg/kg(,)), the WDTs increased up to 8 days. These results indicate that for WDTs determination, the differences among pharmaceutical formulations of a drug must be considered as well as the MRLs.

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“…The mass mortality recorded as the concentration was increased agreed with the report of Xu [18] and Adepoju [11] that observed cytotoxic ability of lime juice against subjected microbes as an ability to kill unwanted organisms. Behaviorally, the leech under exposure showed signs of distress on application of lime fruit juice to the 1 litre capacity glass jars containing water and seven (7) leeches each. The organisms were restless and looking for comfort zones without the juice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The juice from the citrus fruit has cytotoxic ability [6], and antimicrobial against respiratory tract bacterial pathogens [5]. It is also useful in preventing prolificacy of lymphoblastoid cell line (tumour cells) as reported by [7,8]. Citrus aurantifolia (Rutaceae) bioactive compounds also prevent infections, inflammations and cancer [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2021

EIMBO

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The potential of lime fruit juice from Citrus aurantifolia plant as an effective water sanitizer against an African leech called Hemiclepsis quardrata and blood preference were investigated. H. quardrata were exposed to lime fruit juice at concentrations of 0.00, 0.94, 2.07 and 4.55mL /L under laboratory conditions for 48 hours and 96 hours, respectively. The LC50 values of 1.55mL /L and 0.67mL /L at 48-hr and 96-hr, respectively, were obtained through graphic and probit analyses. Blood from three organisms (Clarias gariepinus, Hetero clarias and man) was used during the feeding trial in three days; using 2.0mL of blood per source per test tube to establish choice of diet by the african leech. Each treatment was replicated thrice to accommodate a total sample of nine (9). The investigation was repeated thrice. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression. A decreasing order of blood consumption (g) ranked preference for the blood of man (1.34), Clarias gariepinus (0.95), and Hetero clarias (0.76) in three (3) days was observed. Lime fruit juice is effective in controlling the population of African leech.

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In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones against common respiratory pathogens

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

Withdrawal time of four pharmaceutical formulations of enrofloxacin in poultry according to different maximum residues limits

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