Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the Protective effect of remote ischemic per-conditioning in the ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats ischemia and reperfusion-induce renal injury in rats Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da Efeito protetor do per-condicionamento isquêmico remoto nas lesões da síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal em ratos Fifteen rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomized into three groups (n = 5): Group Normality (GN), ControlIschemia and Reperfusion (GIR) and Group remote ischemic per-conditioning (GPER). With the exception of the GN group, all others underwent renal ischemia for 30 minutes. In group GPER we performed the ischemic remote per-conditioning, consisting of three cycles of ischemia and reperfusion applied every five minutes during the ischemic period, to the left hindlimb of the rats by means of a tourniquet. To quantify the lesions we measured serum levels of creatinine and urea, as well as analyzed renal histopathology. Results Results ResultsResults Results: The GPER group presented with better levels of urea (83.74 ± 14.58%) and creatinine (0.72 ± 26.14%) when compared to GIR group, approaching the GN group. Histopathologically, the lower levels of medullary congestion and hydropic degeneration were found in group GPER. Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion: The remote ischemic per-conditioning had a significant protective effect on renal ischemia and reperfusion.

a lidocaína não bloqueou os efeitos do pós-condicionamento na síndrome de isquemia e reperfusão renal, mas conferiu melhor na proteção glomerular quando aplicada em conjunto com o pós-condicionamento isquêmico.

Background: The instructions to authors are the only means of communication between researchers and the editorial standards of a scientific journal. One of the mandatory items to be contained therein is about the ethical part, to prevent new research to carry out abuses with the enrolled on the research are published and stimulated. Aim: To verify the ethical questions on the guidelines of Brazilian surgical journals Method: Thirteen selected journals were divided into two groups: general surgery (n=3), and surgical specialty (n=10). The instructions to authors were analyzed by the quote of ethical requirements based on a specific research protocol, ranging from zero to six points. Results: The average score of the general surgery group was similar than that of the surgical specialty group (3.66±0.57 vs 3.30±1.15, p=0.6154). When each ethical requirement was compared between the groups, there was no significant difference between the ethical requirements (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was respect for most ethical questions evaluated, with no difference between the journals of general or specialty surgery.