BACKGROUND: Fibrosis is the process of excessive deposition of collagen and other extra cellular matrix components and large amounts of these components have been shown in periovular schistosomal granulomas, especially in the liver. Laminin and type IV collagen have been investigated in various hepatic disorders but their accuracy in fibrosis detection and in the evaluation of its progression in schistosomiasis have not been fully explained. AIM: To measure the serum levels of two markers of fibrosis, laminin and type IV collagen in schistosomiasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients with different clinical forms of schistosomiasis mansoni: intestinal (group I), hepatointestinal (group II), compensated (group III) and decompensated hepatosplenic (group IV) and 18 healthy volunteers were included. RESULTS: Serum type IV collagen and laminin levels were significantly increased in patients compared to controls. At about clinical forms, serum type IV collagen was increased in groups II and IV, compared to controls and was significantly higher in group IV than in group I. Serum laminin was significantly increased in groups II, III and IV and was significantly higher in group IV than in group II. Serum type IV collagen was closely correlated with serum laminin in groups II and IV. CONCLUSIONS: Connective tissue marker levels did not correlate with periportal thickness. In schistosomiasis mansoni there is an increase of type IV collagen and laminin levels at the initial stage of the disease, as well as in advanced forms. We also suggest that these markers may be a useful predictor of disease progression.

Pedagogical practices should enable the development of skills and abilities common to the health professions for the training of general practitioners with a high technical and scientific level. The most important in the teaching-learning process is the joint construction of knowledge. Depending on the quality of communication is that access to the individual's conscious or unconscious will be done with greater or lesser potentiality. The present work presents an integrated model of course that is based on Edu-communication and Psycho-communication, and learning Psycho-communication, also using problematization about public health situations, as well as online learning design concepts. At the end of the course, students present educational products that contribute to the improvement or resolve of the identified health problem. The development of educational products was based on principles of behavioral theories: the structure of personality according to Eric Berne, the use of the senses, and neurolinguistics through the structuring of anchors. The graphic representation of the course shows a focus on Guidance and Support, Content and Activities, as well as Communication and Collaboration. The learning teaching process has a dynamicity capable of surprising us every day, every moment. Students demonstrate empathy with the course and present various educational products that have been available for use in health education.

INTRODUÇÃO: É um dos desafios delegados aos docentes da Fisioterapia formar profissionais conhecedores do que é particular na abordagem à criança, no intuito de favorecer estratégias ambientais e sociais favoráveis ao desenvolvimento potencial da criança. OBJETIVO: Investigar o ensino e a aprendizagem da Fisioterapia aplicada à criança, nos cursos de Fisioterapia de Alagoas. MÉTODOS E MATERIAIS: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, construído a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, realizado com docentes responsáveis pelo ensino e egressos dos cursos de Fisioterapia do estado. O procedimento adotado é a análise documental do plano de ensino do curso; aplicação de questionário utilizando escala de Lirket aos alunos e entrevistas com os professores, obedecendo a núcleos direcionadores para análise temática. RESULTADOS: Foi percebido que o ensino de Fisioterapia aplicada à criança em Alagoas sofre as consequências do crescimento explosivo do número de cursos, ocorrido nesta última década; demonstra práticas tradicionais da Fisioterapia, voltada para as doenças, entre estas as neurológicas e afecções respiratórias. Os professores com formação docente indicaram iniciativas em metodologias ativas e visão mais intregral da saúde das crianças. CONCLUSÃO: Docentes e egressos sugerem alterações no projeto pedagógico, com ampliação e antecipação das vivências práticas, inserção de novos conteúdos disciplinares e ampliação da carga horária; mudanças na metodologia de ensino com ampliação da problematização no ensino e mais apoio institucional a essas mudanças; implementação de ações inter e multidisciplinares; melhorias na articulação teórico-prática.

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Resumo: Introdução: A residência médica é uma especialização estabelecida como padrão-ouro para formar especialistas. Trata-se de uma fase profissional transformadora para o jovem médico, cuja finalidade é aprimorar a qualidade da formação médica. Ao atuar na formação do residente ao mesmo tempo que presta assistência aos usuários, o preceptor se torna uma espécie de interlocutor entre o ensino e a assistência. Cabe a esse profissional estimular os residentes a desenvolver senso clínico e ético, e há relatos de que, em geral, o preceptor não possui preparação para as funções docentes. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as vivências e os entendimentos dos preceptores em relação à atividade de ensino nas residências médicas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e quantitativo, composto por 300 preceptores, de todas as faixas etárias e sexos, realizado em Maceió, em Alagoas. Foi aplicado um questionário elaborado e validado por Girotto, contendo 35 afirmações, divididas em cinco fatores, com ênfase nas opiniões dos preceptores sobre vários temas envolvendo suas atividades. Analisaram-se os percentuais de percepção positiva e de percepção negativa sobre cada afirmação. Resultado: Houve predomínio de percepção positiva sobre aptidão para atividades educacionais (88,67%), desenvolvimento de correlações teórico-práticas na preceptoria (96%), percepção de necessidade de aprendizagem (98,33%) e atualização (87%). Também houve percepção positiva sobre a presença de recursos essenciais para as atividades docentes (71%); além disso, 91% dos preceptores relataram que a preceptoria integra o residente na sua equipe. Porém, é interessante o fato de a preceptoria ser uma tarefa não remunerada (75,34%). Além disso, não há capacitações pedagógicas (72%). Conclusão: Os preceptores estão inseridos em um ambiente adequado para suas atividades docentes, com estrutura física apropriada, além de contarem com suporte da chefia e da instituição. Sentem-se aptos para ensinar, porém, em geral, não receberam capacitação docente. Os residentes estão adequadamente inseridos no ambiente da residência, o que resulta na melhora do serviço. Contudo, os preceptores, em geral, não são remunerados para essa tarefa.

Introduction: Medical Residency is a specialization course characterized as in-service training, considered in Brazil as the gold standard in the development of specialist physicians’ training. The medical residency preceptorship is an activity carried out by a specialist physician, responsible for monitoring resident physicians. However, there is neither a definition of the main requirements for such a preceptor, nor of his/her academic background to carry out the due teaching training, and it was possible to notice a relative lack of preparation regarding the pedagogical aspects. Methods: Descriptive study based on a quantitative approach, comprising 200 preceptors, of both genders, from medical residency programs in Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil. Results: The mean age was 43.31 ± 10.31 years, with a slight majority of female participants (52.5%). The mean time since graduation was 19.5 ± 10.58 years, and 83% of the participants had graduated in the state of Alagoas. Moreover, 78.5% said they had their Medical Residency certification, with an increased trend of public institution preceptors getting their degree at the stricto sensu level. The mean time of their completed postgraduate course was 12.63 ± 10.87 years and 7.07 ± 6.99 years being a preceptor. Only 19% mentioned they had some qualification for exercising the preceptorship, and 29.5% work as the teachers at the undergraduate level. The state of Alagoas has followed the expansion of the Residency programs, justifying the mean age found, similar to other studies. The majority of female participants can be associated with the feminization of health care professionals. The high percentage of preceptors with medical residency qualification is in accordance with Resolution n. 4/1978. We found experienced preceptors, but some authors differed. The low percentage of preceptors with qualification for exercising preceptorship indicates low interest and lack of available training. Conclusion: This study population is characterized as being young, and most are females. They have had long professional experience, and most have graduated in the state of Alagoas. There is a predominance of medical residency as their main qualification, and few of them have had training in the field. Finally, preceptors from public institutions have mostly got their degrees at the stricto sensu level.

ResumoO artigo discute a situação da educação e formação docente no contexto da Educação a Distância Online. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão do significado do pensamento sobre o desenvolvimento docente, os saberes profissionais dos docentes e o professor reflexivo. Com a emergência da era do conhecimento e da mobilidade e o avanço vertiginoso das tecnologias e seu uso na educação, é contextualizada a evolução da Educação a Distância e Online e as novas formas de ensino e de aprendizagem que a acompanham. É ainda discutida a aprendizagem como um esforço colaborativo entre colegas e pares e finalmente discutem-se as novas competências digitais e a formação docente.Palavras-Chave: Formação, desenvolvimento docente, Educação OnlineEducation and Teacher Training in the Context of Online Distance EducationAbstractThe article discusses the situation of education and teacher education in the context of Online Distance Education. For this, a review of the significance of the thought about the teacher development, the professional knowledge of the teachers and the reflective teacher was carried out. With the emergence of the era of knowledge and mobility and the rapid advance of technologies and their use in education, the evolution of Distance Education and Online and the new forms of teaching and learning that accompany it are contextualized. It also discusses learning as a collaborative effort between peers and peers and finally discusses new digital skills and teacher training.Key words: Training, teacher development, Online EducationEl artículo discute la situación de la educación y formación docente en el contexto de la Educación a Distancia Online. Para ello, se realizó una revisión del significado del pensamiento sobre el desarrollo docente, los saberes profesionales de los docentes y el profesor reflexivo. Con la emergencia de la era del conocimiento y de la movilidad y el avance vertiginoso de las tecnologías y su uso en la educación, es contextualizada la evolución de la Educación a Distancia y Online y las nuevas formas de enseñanza y aprendizaje que la acompañan. También se discute el aprendizaje como un esfuerzo colaborativo entre colegas y pares y finalmente se discuten las nuevas competencias digitales y la formación docente.Palabras clave: Formación, desarrollo docente, Educación en línea

The use of digital communication resources has provided practices and experiences in the field of education with virtual learning environments, thereby enabling greater participation and collaboration among those involved. The process of creating the course design emerged as an educational product performed in the Professional Master's Degree in Health and Technology Teaching at the State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas. Thus, the present article aimed to describe the design of an improvement course for pedagogical training in the online distance modality through the Moodle Platform for Occupational Therapy internship supervisors of a state public health institution, elaborated from a survey of pedagogical needs found as an object of study. For the development, the interactionist theory of education and the meaningful learning supported by Collaborative Online Learning were considered, serving as a basis for using a collaborative and reflective environment permeated by information technology in the development of less individualistic and more collaborative pedagogical and communicational practices in order to better reach learning objects and facilitate communication, thus promoting a necessary dialogue between the University and the practice scenarios in the service. We conclude that the design of the training course for internship supervisors was based on previous models and theories, such as Online Collaborative Learning (Harasim, 2015) and used active online methodologies, which provided an articulated and interactive knowledge and reflections on pedagogical needs in the teaching of in-service practices. Additionally, it is noteworthy that the use of the proposed model will be able to adapt to different pedagogical approaches and also be offered to other groups of participants.