Estimates for the 2018/2019 grain crop indicate production in the order of 238.5 million tons, an increase of 4.7% compared to the 2017/2018 harvest. This production, although satisfactory, could still be greater, were it not for the problems faced with the logistics of grain disposal where billions are lost due to the limited investment in infrastructure. The objective of this work is to establish a percentage loss index, as well as to assess these quantitative losses during bulk grain transportation of corn. The research was developed through a partnership between the National Supply Company (CONAB) and the NTA (Nucleus of Storage Technology), at the Federal University of Mato Grosso. It was established the evaluation of losses related to grain transportation in the main waterways, being bulk corn in BR 163/364 in the State of Mato Grosso. After the choice of the highways evaluated, we carried out research on the data of romaneios in the transportation of corn in bulk. The obtained data, through the romaneios, provided weight of origin, weight of destination, place of origin and place of destination, in this way, by difference was obtained the quantity of grains lost in the transport and the mileage traveled in each route. By means of these data it was possible to obtain three indices of losses, one in Kg/Km (kilogram per kilometer wheeled), another one in Kg/t (kilograms per tons transported), and also determined an index of loss in percentage of grains transported. With the indication of the indices it was possible to evaluate the losses. The Bitrem truck (7 axles) was used as the basis for calculating the losses, since during the interviews this was the type that had the most occurrences in BRs evaluated, with 39%. Based on the questionnaire, the load weight of 38,000 kg was therefore adopted. For the study of corn grain losses in road transport, 39,642 data were analyzed for routs, with 24,902,808.50 km rotated, mean of 628,19 km away by route. The amount of corn grain transported was 1,852,437,042 kg. The total losses were 1,808,951 kg, averaging 45.63 kg of loss per trip. The loss per km was on average of 0.072 kg. Transport of corn grains between Nova Ubiratã and Rondonópolis presented the highest frequency of trips (8629 trips), however the losses were 37,710 kg of grains or approximately 628 bags of corn (60 Kg). The index of percentage loss for maize (0.1025%). This percentage is lower than the adopted one that is of 0.25%, nevertheless, represent considerable losses for the economy. Based on the data obtained in the present study, it can be stated that it is possible to adopt percentage loss rates of less than 0.25% in contracts. It is recommended to adopt the percentage rates of grain loss in road transport of 0.10% for maize.
Desenvolvimento de Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu submetido a diferentes doses de ureia Development of Brachiaria brizantha marandu cultivated in oxisol fertilized with different doses of urea
Grain transport losses occur due to road conditions, trucks' state of repair, types of bodies, overload, loading and transport speed. These losses, besides affecting the economy, are also considered waste of food, environmental and social aspects. The objective of this work was to collect information from the drivers, through the application of questionnaires, on the type, age and state of conservation of trucks, car bodies, roof covers and tires, as well as conservation conservation of BR-163 highway in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The study was carried out on the BR-163 highway, which is the one with the highest cargo flow for maize in the state of Mato Grosso. Interviews were conducted with approximately 500 truck drivers transporting grain cargoes of maize, in order to obtain information regarding: (a) State of conservation of the highways where they travel; (b) which part of the highways the greatest grain losses occur; (c) which grain is the most lost in road transport; (d) whether the truck driver has received any specific training to avoid grain losses; (e) whether the trucker adopts any procedure to reduce grain losses; among other information relevant to the study in question. It was observed that 59.70% of the trucks are owned by the companies, the other 40.30% are owned by the driver or are not tied to any company. It was observed that 42.90% of the trucks were manufactured between 2011 and 2015, that is, they are less than 8 years old. Of the evaluated trucks 39% of the evaluated trucks are bitrens, 32% rodotrens. The predominant bodies in the transport of grain in bulk are of the bulk type and bucket, with great predominance for grain. The data indicate that 87% of the trucks and 84% of the bodies are in good or excellent condition. The grain that is most lost in transportation, according to the drivers, is corn and soy, which together account for approximately 40% of the losses. It is concluded that grain losses in corn transport are occurring mainly due to poor conservation of BR-163 in the state of Mato Grosso. Holes and trepidation are the main culprits.
Agricultura-Economia-Brasil. 2. Agronomia-Pesquisa-Brasil. I. Pereira, Alexandre Igor de Azevedo. II. Série. CDD 630.981 Elaborado por Maurício Amormino J únior-CRB6/2422 O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. 2019 Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
This study evaluated the effect of storage period on the physiological and health quality of soybean seeds. The experiment was arranged in a factorial scheme (4 x 2 x 2) with four periods of storage (0, 2, 4 and 6 months), two soybean cultivars (‘BRS Pintado’ and ‘MSOY 8866’) and treated and untreated seeds with the formulated mixture of active ingredients pyraclostrobine (25 g i.a L-1) + Methyl-Thiophanate (225 g i.a L-1) + fipronil (250 g i.a L-1) in a 0,1 L.ha-1 dosage of the commercial product. Concerning health, there was a reduction of Aspergillus spp., Cercospora kikuchii, Colletotrichum dematium var. truncata and Fusarium spp fungus when periods of storage were increased independently if storage interactions occurred due to cultivar, treatment and/or all analyzed factors. cv. ‘BRS Pintado’ stood out by presenting lower results on the occurrence of fungi. The isolated cultivar factor presented a significant result concerning the physiological quality and c.v. ‘BRS Pintado’ showed better results in the variables: germination of seeds from the speed aging test, germination, shoot lenght from the speed emergence test, and both shoot dry matter and root dry matter of germination. There was an interaction for the speed emergence index variable between storage versus cultivar, in which cv. ‘BRS Pintado’ achieved better average results in all periods of storage. The storage factor alone was significant for shoot length of plants from the speed emergence index, the shoot plant dry matter from the emergency speed index, root dry matter of seedling germination and germination of seeds subjected to accelerated aging. The isolated treatment factor was significant in the germination variable and the untreated seeds showed better results in relation to the treated ones. However, the difference of these values would not be significant at the field. Treated seeds showed better results compared to untreated ones in most of the analyzed variables and their association with seeds storage did not affect the physiological quality evaluation during six months of evaluation, enabling the maintenance of the health quality of seeds.
Convencionalmente, as políticas públicas relativas à infraestrutura logística são tratadas dissociadas da realidade dos sistemas produtivos agrícola. Além disso, a logística conta com elementos essências para governança e coordenação das cadeias de suprimento, que movimentam as cadeias produtivas em uma dinâmica sistêmica. Nas economias globalizadas a produtividade e competitividade se dão, sobretudo pela eficiência dos mercados de bens e serviços; na pratica os consumidores globais buscam velocidade, acessibilidade e acurasse em suas transações comerciais. Nesse ponto de vista, o estudo apresenta discussões sobre os entraves no gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos do girassol no município de Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso, na safra de 2013/2014, uma vez que, o município é o principal produtor nacional do grão. O estudo permeia aspectos relacionados aos custos e coordenação da cadeia de suprimentos, descrevendo o fluxo entre os seus diversos agentes e parceiros. O método abordado foi o indutivo e dedutivo, a pesquisa exploratória e descritiva a partir da literatura, com aplicação de questionário previamente elaborado e entrevista direta com os produtores.
Este projeto de estudo apresenta fundamentações sobre Agronegócio do município de Nova Mutum - MT, com relação a tecnologia computacional utilizada pelas colheitadeiras de grãos nas propriedades rurais. A descrição e organização do trabalho permite a compreensão da importância da tecnologia para o agronegócio bem como para todo o progresso do município. Já o uso da tecnologia das máquinas no plantio e colheita de grãos configuram-se como ferramentas significativas, ampliando a produtividade, fator indispensável no agronegócio, convém frisar que o uso de tais ferramentas (maquinário agrícola) não só no plantio, manutenção como na colheita resultam no aumento da qualidade e eficiência de todo o processo. O objetivo geral do estudo consiste em verificar o desenvolvimento do agronegócio a partir do uso de tecnologia em máquina no plantio e colheita de grãos em propriedades rurais no município nos últimos cinco anos. Os objetivos específicos relacionam-se a identificar as características das fazendas que utilizam a tecnologia de máquinas como ferramentas de auxílio no plantio e colheita de grãos; identificar as melhorias que a tecnologia proporcionou ao agronegócio para os produtores rurais; verificar se a implementação e uso da tecnologia de máquinas na colheita trazem resultados positivos relacionados a redução de custos sobre a mão de obra, agilidade e eficiência no resultado final.
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