No abstract

ResumoEste artigo tem por objetivo discutir a experiência da cidade de Porto Alegre relativamente à materialização do conceito de cidade inteligente. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma abordagem metodológica de caráter qualitativo e exploratório, baseada em estudo de caso, com coleta de dados em fontes primárias e secundárias realizada em 2013. Os resultados mostram que a implementação de inovações em tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) na prestação dos serviços públicos proporcionou maior eficiência nas atividades que envolvem a gestão da cidade, com importantes resultados em favor dos atores que ali se inserem. Pretendeu-se com este trabalho contribuir com a agenda de pesquisas e discussões sobre a gestão dos espaços urbanos, trazendo o conceito de cidade inteligente como uma prática viabilizadora do desenvolvimento sustentável das cidades brasileiras.

No abstract

Purpose This study aims to look at the relationship of external embeddedness and institutional distance (governance aspects) with the foreign subsidiary research and development (R&D) capacity. Furthermore, it examines whether these relationships are mediated by subsidiary product and process innovation, and whether institutional distance plays a moderating role in the relationship between subsidiary innovation and R&D capacity. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on survey data from 130 foreign subsidiaries operating in Brazil and test their model using variance-based structural equation modeling. Findings Results suggest that subsidiary (product and process) innovation fully mediates the relationships between: subsidiary external embeddedness and R&D capacity; and institutional distance and subsidiary R&D capacity, such that the relationship is positive in case of the former and negative in case of the latter. The relationship between subsidiary product and process innovation and R&D capacity is positive and stronger at lower levels of institutional distance. Originality/value The research ignores the underlying mechanisms of the external embeddedness and institutional distance relationship with subsidiary R&D capacity. Furthermore, institutional distance based on formal governance aspects and their impacts on subsidiary innovation and R&D capacity are rarely investigated. This paper contributes with regard to these aspects.

PurposeThis research aims to answer the following question: Could bricolage become a capability for companies in emerging markets to develop frugal innovations in times of crisis? Therefore, in this paper the main aim is to identify whether in times of crisis the development of frugal innovation in emerging markets depends on the bricolage capability.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were statistically tested using the structural equation modeling technique, with data collected through the survey method applied to 215 companies in Brazil.FindingsThe results allowed support for the hypothesis that bricolage capability has a positive impact on the development of frugal innovation. Therefore, a mediating test was verified, allowing confirmation that to develop frugal innovation in emerging markets, bricolage becomes a required capability for companies in times of crisis.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of this study lies in considering the effect of bricolage on frugal innovation only in the context of Brazil, while in developed countries this effect may be similar, as they also suffer from resource constraints caused by crises.Practical implicationsThis research provides insights to guide managers by highlighting bricolage as a key managerial capability for the development of frugal innovation. A set of managerial recommendations are provided based on bricolage skills.Originality/valueThe study has contributed to the literature on bricolage and frugal innovation by addressing bricolage as an antecedent of frugal innovation in emerging markets, especially when those markets are affected by resource scarcity.

Purpose Is the development of local innovation capabilities enough for foreign subsidiaries in emerging markets to be able to integrate into global R&D projects? The authors argue that it is not. The purpose of this paper is to show the central role of R&D capacities when it comes to inserting foreign subsidiaries in emerging markets into global R&D projects. Design/methodology/approach The study investigated 131 foreign multinational subsidiaries operating in Brazil. For each subsidiary, the authors surveyed two to five directors or C-level executives from innovation, R&D, engineering, product development and projects. the authors used structural equation modeling for analysis. Findings The results indicate that product and process innovations alone do not guarantee the insertion of the emerging market subsidiaries into global innovation projects. Such insertion depends on the subsidiary’s accumulation of R&D capacities. Practical implications The results reinforce the central issue of building product and process innovation capabilities as the first step toward a blueprint for global projects. However, the effort is not limited to these initiatives. Product and process innovation efforts need be reverted in headquarters’ eyes in order for subsidiaries to gain R&D center status. To achieve this, subsidiaries must align their technological innovations with multinational corporations’ innovation strategies. Originality/value In authors’ view, this study contributes to the literature in three main areas: the evolutionary process of innovation capability in subsidiaries, the reverse innovation debate and the discussion of subsidiaries’ initiatives.

A discussão sobre práticas de inovação que busquem assegurar estratégias competitivas de longo prazo e incorporando valores ambientais vem ganhando relevância nos debates acadêmicos. Nessa direção, o termo "ecoinovação" tem se consolidado como um conceito teórico consistente e que possui o potencial de conciliar os objetivos ambientais e econômicos. Dessa forma, motivou-se com esta pesquisa propor um modelo conceitual de avaliação dos fatores determinantes para ecoinovação. Para tanto, foram identificadas, com base na revisão da literatura, cinco dimensões externas e três internas que podem influenciar o processo de ecoinovação nas empresas. Esse modelo analítico aplicado em um estudo de caso mostrou a importância de fatores internos, tais como: o perfil da liderança do empreendedor e dos gerentes de níveis intermediários. Já para os fatores externos, são destacadas a participação em redes de colaboração e a capacidade de atender aos marcos regulatórios. A contribuição do estudo reside, portanto, em apresentar o modelo conceitual de avaliação para embasar futuros estudos acerca dessa temática.The discussion about innovation practices that seek to ensure long-term competitive strategies and incorporate environmental values has been increasing in academic debates. In this sense, the term ecoinnovation has been established as a consistent theoretical concept and has the potential to reconcile environmental and economic objectives. Thus, this study proposes a conceptual model of evaluation of the determining factors for ecoinnovation. Therefore, five external and three internal dimensions that can influence the process of ecoinnovation in enterprises were identified based on literature review. This analytical model applied in a case study showed the importance of internal factors such: the profile of the entrepreneur leadership and intermediate level managers. As for external factors, the participation in collaborative networks and the ability to meet regulatory frameworks are highlighted. The contribution of the study, therefore, is to present the conceptual model of evaluation to support future studies on this theme.

No abstract