Banyak negara bimbang menggunakan instrumen hukum mana yang tepat agar dapat menanggulangi krisis akibat pandemi Covid-19. Ada yang memilih menetapakan keadaan darurat berdasar konstitusi, menggunakan UU yang berlaku tentang kebencanaan atau krisis kesehatan, dan melakukan legislasi baru. Penetapan keadaan darurat memungkinkan negara melakukan penyimpangan keberlakuan hukum bahkan menangguhkan HAM sementara waktu. Oleh kerenanya penetapan status darurat berpotensi disalahgunakan dan berakibat pada tereduksinya jaminan perlindungan HAM. Tulisan ini menjelaskan kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia dalam memilih instrumen hukum untuk menanggulangi Pandemi Covid-19 disatu sisi dan disisi lain bagaimana pemerintah tetap menjamin perlindungan HAM. Hasilnya, meskipun Pasal 12 UUD 1945 menyediakan ketentuan keadaan darurat konstitusional, Indonesia memilih menggunakan Kedaruratan Kesehatan dalam UU 6 Tahun 2018 dan Darurat Bencana Non Alam dalam UU 24 Tahun 2007. Dua status darurat tersebut tidak sama sekali melibatkan Pasal 12 UUD 1945 sebagai dasar pembentukannya. Sehingga keadaan darurat dimaksud bukanlah state of emergency sebagaimana dimaksud dalam kajian hukum tata negara darurat atau hanya bersifat de facto bukan de jure. Selain itu, dua status darurat tersebut tidak memuat berbagai syarat yang sudah diamanatkan ICCPR. Oleh karenanya perlindungan HAM harus tetap dipenuhi. Meskipun ada pembatasan, hal tersebut tentunya tidak berlaku bagi hak yang bersifat mendasar apalagi terhadap kelompok non derogable rights.

This research is intended to discuss the relevance of the application of presidential threshold and the implementation of simultaneous general elections in Indonesia. The concept of simultaneous general elections is the implementation of legislative and executive elections which are carried out simultaneously. The implementation of the first simultaneous general elections in Indonesia was motivated by a request for a judicial review of Law Number 42 Year 2008 concerning the Election of the President and Vice President. The Constitutional Court issued the Constitutional Court Decision Number 14/PUU-IX/2013 with the decision granting part of the request which later gave birth to the implementation of simultaneous elections in Indonesia starting in 2019. However, from the various articles that were reviewed, there was one article that was not decided by the Constitutional Court, namely regarding the presidential threshold. The Constitutional Court is of the opinion that the regulation regarding the presidential threshold is an open legal policy for the legislature. This paper is a normative legal research, with conceptual approach and statute approach to find answers to existing problems. The research source used is secondary data consisting of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials as explanation for primary legal materials. From the results of this research, it was found that the simultaneous elections and the presidential threshold were not compatible. On the one hand, the presidential threshold aims to simplify the number of parties.

The most current Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) contains the concept of Community Service Punishment, which is considered an effort to reform the criminal law system. Community Service Punishment, as a form of punishment in this country, requires an appropriate mechanism to achieve sentencing goals, namely the rehabilitation of convicts through participation in social activities that benefit society. This study aims to analyze the existence of Community Service Punishment to strengthen law enforcers’ understanding of it as one of the main recognized forms of punishment. By using a progressive legal perspective, this research recognizes that the law should consider the development of society and emphasizes the importance of legal reform, if necessary. This study uses a normative juridical approach and conducts qualitative analysis. Based on the results of research conducted through literature studies, it was found that the criminal justice process results in overcapacity in Correctional Facilities, which ultimately hinders the achievement of sentencing goals. Therefore, the importance of imposing Community Service Punishment is very relevant. However, to carry out Community Service Punishment effectively, an organized and systematic procedure is required. This will ensure that the implementation of Community Service Punishment aligns with the expectations and goals to be achieved. We suggest that the relevant parties take advantage of the ratification of the Criminal Code as an opportunity to renew criminal law in Indonesia by increasing the competence and coordination of the criminal justice subsystem in terms of Community Service Punishment.

COVID-19 has had a broad impact in many sectors, including social welfare and legal certainty. During covid-19, in 2021 about 28,000 children being orphaned, and this continues to grow along with the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus in Indonesia. Constitutionally, state guarantees for children’s welfare are regulated in various laws and regulations, however, many children do not get care until they grow up, causing the child to be under trusteeship. In positive law, trusteeship has been regulated in the Civil Code, the Compilation of Islamic Law, Law 1 of 1974 and PP 29 of 2019. However, the extent to which these regulations can meet the need for trusteeship in Indonesia still needs to be studied. This paper includes the extent to which Orphan Chamber’s (Balai Harta Peninggalan or BHP) role in the trust can function correctly. This study used normative juridical research uses a statute approach through library studies. This study found and confirmed that every child is not only entitled to protection for himself. He is also entitled to protection for his property. However, some of these regulations still have various problems ranging from overlapping rules to problems in practice. Meanwhile, the existence of disharmony provisions causes the role of BHP as trustee of trustees and temporary trustees to be less than optimal. However, with the RUU BHP, the concept of trusteeship and the role of BHP institutionally and its duties and functions will be strengthened, although with various notes. Such is the case by optimizing his role as supervisory trustee in situations of natural or non-natural disasters such as the Covid-19 pandemic.

Information technology currently influences the development of many areas of human life. The application of a technology system is expected to provide benefits and convenience in identifying and accessing information. This technology innovation was also carried out by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. The peraturan.go.id webpage is a medium that functions as a means of disseminating all texts of the central level statutory regulations in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Laws and Regulations. Its existence is very beneficial for the community in providing information about the authentically guaranteed manuscript of law and regulations. Apart from that, it is also a means of facilitating public participation in the drafting of regulations as well as monitoring the performance of legislation annual target completion for regulations drafting. However, the webpage, currently managed by the Directorate General of Legislation, has seen a significantly decreasing number of visits. The 32,386 number of visitors of the webpage for December 2019 for example, was a decrease of 65.7% compared to 94,323 visitors in October 2019. Thus, it is important to comprehend the phenomenon through research to find the source of the problem that has resulted in a decrease in community visits to the site. This research aims to determine the relationship between variables in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to determine the factors influencing users of the peraturan.go.id webpage service. The research was conducted with a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative data analysis used was the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the AMOS application. Using SEM in the research allows the researcher to answer questions that are regressive or dimensional (i.e. measuring the dimensions contained in the concept). Data analysis was carried out in several stages to form the best model. The stages are carried out by confirmatory factor analysis, Full Model-Structural Equation Model Analysis, conducting hypothesis testing, and analysis of the influence of exogenous variables on endogenous variables. The data input used in this study is the variance/covariance matrix. Covariance matrices are considered to have the advantage of providing valid comparisons between different populations or samples, which is sometimes not possible when using a correlation matrix model. Distributing online questionnaires, 115 respondents were obtained to determine the application of TAM on the webpage. The results of this study indicate an actual simultaneous positive effect of 0.534 from the variable of ease of using the webpage in influencing the usage of the page. The variable of benefits of using the webpage has an actual positive effect of 0.768 in influencing the usage of the peraturan.go.id, and the positive attitude on the webpage also has an actual positive effect of 0.594 in influencing the actual use of it. Therefore, the conclusion that can be drawn is that the simultaneous benefit is m...