Nowadays, the concept of human security is an issue that is often discussed, especially when issues regarding policies or how a country deals with the Covid-19 pandemic make headlines in every news report. The concept of human security shifts the focus point of security which previously focused on the state to become towards individuals. Often various discussions collide these two concepts under the pretext of finding the best way for the state to make an appropriate policy, especially during emergencies such as problems caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic. So to solve this problem it is necessary to re-understand the priorities in the security of a country in an emergency situation, especially in Indonesia. This paper aims to find out what is prioritized by the state in the event of an emergency. Literature study or desk research becomes a research method, accompanied by a conceptual and regulatory approach, then secondary data is analyzed descriptively. Based on the research, it was concluded that the concept of state security or human security should not be made as if they are contradictory but instead complement one another and become a thinking construct for the state to determine a priority in order to achieve common interests through an insecurity faced in an emergency situation. The state as the shelter of an individual certainly needs to be a top priority without neglecting the security of every individual in it. The difference in focus on the concept of state security and human security should not make both of them an option.

The most current Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) contains the concept of Community Service Punishment, which is considered an effort to reform the criminal law system. Community Service Punishment, as a form of punishment in this country, requires an appropriate mechanism to achieve sentencing goals, namely the rehabilitation of convicts through participation in social activities that benefit society. This study aims to analyze the existence of Community Service Punishment to strengthen law enforcers’ understanding of it as one of the main recognized forms of punishment. By using a progressive legal perspective, this research recognizes that the law should consider the development of society and emphasizes the importance of legal reform, if necessary. This study uses a normative juridical approach and conducts qualitative analysis. Based on the results of research conducted through literature studies, it was found that the criminal justice process results in overcapacity in Correctional Facilities, which ultimately hinders the achievement of sentencing goals. Therefore, the importance of imposing Community Service Punishment is very relevant. However, to carry out Community Service Punishment effectively, an organized and systematic procedure is required. This will ensure that the implementation of Community Service Punishment aligns with the expectations and goals to be achieved. We suggest that the relevant parties take advantage of the ratification of the Criminal Code as an opportunity to renew criminal law in Indonesia by increasing the competence and coordination of the criminal justice subsystem in terms of Community Service Punishment.

The Democratic Party dispute raises the view that there is dualism within the Democratic Party. The issue of the Democratic Party Leadership Takeover Movement (GPKPD) led to the dismissal of several of its cadres. The dispute escalated with the holding of the Extraordinary Congress (KLB) in Deli Serdang on March 5, 2021. One of the things which triggered the holding of the KLB by the opposition was the management of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY). Apart from being seen as not agreeing with Article 83 paragraph (2) letter b in the 2020 Democratic Party's Articles of Association and Bylaws, the validity of the AHY management along with the preparation of the Articles of Association and Bylaws in 2020 was also questioned by several cadres. In addition, the political dynasty by the Cikeas family was also highlighted. This Democrat Party dispute becomes more interesting to study because the AHY opposition's KLB involves an external party who is a state official. This article is socio-legal study that was carried out textually and critically to laws and regulations and policies. The undemocratic management and election of the general chairman in providing opportunities for other cadres to compete in a transparent and fair manner created internal turmoil that led to the dismissal of several cadres. There are anomalies within the Democratic Party with the increasingly clear Democratic Party as a dynastic party, undemocratic KLB arrangements, to the implementation of KLB which is a structural conflict of the Democratic Party with non-structural collectives.