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Setting priority species for conservation planning in a large and biodiverse country such as Indonesia is crucial. At least 80% of the medicinal plant species in South East Asia can be found in Indonesia, whether they are native or introduced. However, their conservation is currently ineffective due to limited human and financial resources. By examining factors such as species' occurrence status, rarity and part of the plant harvested, the various Indonesian medicinal plant species can be prioritised for conservation planning. In this study, various threatened plant species have been included in the priority list as well as those listed in related legislation. Some 233 species within 161 genera and 71 families are recommended for prioritisation. An inventory of these priority species was produced presenting compiled data including vernacular names, plant habit, harvested plant part, uses, distribution, whether it is conserved ex situ, and their DNA barcoding. Significantly 41.20% of priority species have no information on their current conservation status in either in situ or ex situ national or international genebanks.

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Over the past decade, plant DNA barcoding has emerged as a scientific breakthrough and is often used to help with species identification or as a taxonomical tool. DNA barcoding is very important in medicinal plant use, not only for identification purposes but also for the authentication of medicinal products. Here, a total of 61 Indonesian medicinal plant species from 30 families and a pair of ITS2, matK, rbcL, and trnL primers were used for a DNA barcoding study consisting of molecular and sequence analyses. This study aimed to analyze how the four identified DNA barcoding regions (ITS2, matK, rbcL, and trnL) aid identification and conservation and to investigate their effectiveness for DNA barcoding for the studied species. This study resulted in 212 DNA barcoding sequences and identified new ones for the studied medicinal plant species. Though there is no ideal or perfect region for DNA barcoding of the target species, we recommend matK as the main region for Indonesian medicinal plant identification, with ITS2 and rbcL as alternative or complementary regions. These findings will be useful for forensic studies that support the conservation of medicinal plants and their national and global use.

Abstract. Praptosuwiryo TN, Sumanto, Cahyaningsih. 2019. Diversity and host preferences of ferns and lycopods epiphytes on palm trees. Biodiversitas 20: 3731-3740. Epiphytic ferns contribute importantly to the global biodiversity of tropical rain forests. However, our knowledge of the ecology of epiphytic ferns is phenomenally still limited. Most studies on the ecology, floristic and diversity of epiphytic ferns and lycopods were reported outside of Malesian region. This study aimed: (i) to figure out the diversity of ferns and lycopods on palm trees of the lowland areas by analyzing its species richness and floristic composition, and (ii) to determine the host preferences of epiphytic ferns on palm trees. Twenty-eight phorophyte species belonging to 17 genera of palm trees, growing at Bogor Botanic Gardens, were observed. Trunk of palm trees was divided into three zones (basal, middle and upper). Individual numbers for each species of epiphytic fern growing on each zone were recorded. Epiphytic fern species which were most commonly found were analyzed statistically to determine their preference for the host trees. A total of 16 species of epiphytic ferns and lycopods were recorded. The greatest richness of species occurred in Polypodiaceae (50%). Habitual true epiphyte was the predominant ecological category, representing 75 % of the species. Caryota no Becc. hosted the greatest number of ferns and lycopods 8 species) while Attalea insignis (Mart.) Drude hosted the fewest (2 species). Individual numbers of six epiphytic fern species were significantly affected by palm trees species, namely Belvisia callifolia (Christ) Copel., Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) Farwell, Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) M.G. Price, Davallia denticulata (Burm.) Mett., Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott, Vittaria ensiformis Sw. Individual numbers of five epiphytic fern species were significantly affected by zone of the host plant. Nephrolepis biserrata tends to grow well in the upper zone. Pyrrosia lanceolata tends to be abundant in the middle zone. B. callifolia, D. denticulata, and V. ensiformis grow well and make dense populations in the basal zone.

Pada HUT ke-198, Kebun Raya Bogor telah meresmikan Taman Koleksi Tumbuhan Obat yang dilengkapi lima jalur wisata edukasi, yang kemudian dikenal sebagai "Jalur Tumbuhan Obat". Sepanjang jalur wisata kita dapat mengetahui manfaat dari beragam tumbuhan obat, diantaranya adalah air rebusan rebung muda bambu kuning ternyata bermanfaat untuk mengobati penyakit hepatitis. Air seduhan bunga kenanga dapat mengobati nyeri otot dan sendi. Selain itu, segelas air perasaan jeruk purut hangat dapat melegakan pernapasan saat flu. Begitu banyak informasi tentang manfaat tumbuhan obat yang dapat kita gunakan. Oleh karena itu, kulik (kupas dan telisik) lebih cermat semua informasi terkait jenis tumbuhan obat dan manfaatnya. Selain itu, kita juga dapat memilih jalur wisata yang akan kita lalui karena setiap jalur memiliki waktu tempuh rata-rata satu jam, namun memiliki perbedaan pada kondisi topografi dan jumlah kalori tubuh yang akan terbakar saat menelusuri jalur wisata. Mari memulai petualang dengan membaca buku ini terlebih dahulu, kemudian langkahkan kaki untuk menikmati koleksi tumbuhan obat di Kebun Raya Bogor. Berangkat!

Bidara upas (Merremia mammosa (Lour.) Hall.f.) is a medicinal plant, , that traditionaly use by Indonesian and Malaysian people. Regarding Indonesia Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan released by The National Development Planning Agency, it is included in the extinct medicinal plant list (2003). As the center for plant conservation, Bogor botanical garden conducted vegetative propagation study on this plant by air layering, cutting, and tuber cutting. The aim to this study is to find effective for bidara upas which method is vegetative propagation. Air layering and cutting propagation modified by Rootone-F did not give any result, whereas tuber cutting propagation with GA3 gave positive result. Principally, propagation by tuber cutting modified by 50 ppm of GA3 dose gave the most rapid and highest uniformity on shoot emergence, the best on growing variables, namely average height of shoot growing, the number of secondary roots, the number and length of the primary roots. It cannot be concluded yet that propagation by tuber cutting modified by GA3 was the most effective. Hence, it is necessary to conduct another propagation studies of air layering and cuttings with more variants of treatments, especially Rootone-F dose.

Abstract. Cahyaningsih R. 2016. Characterization of phenotypic diversity of a medicinal plant Lunasia amara. Nusantara Bioscience 8: [245][246][247][248][249][250][251]. Characterization of phenotypic diversity is an important first step in the conservation of plant species and in plant breeding for human purposes. Lunasia amara Blanco ('kemaitan', 'sanrego') is a medicinal plant native to Indonesia, used traditionally as an aphrodisiac. However, there is little knowledge about genetic diversity in this species, and even its taxonomic status remains under review. The study reported here describes and classifies phenotypic diversity among Lunasia amara and its relatives, focusing on vegetative characters assessed in the extensive collection of the species held in Indonesian Botanic Gardens. Based on results of a similarity analysis using SIMQUAL (Similarity for Qualitative Data) employing SM (Simple Matching Coefficients), the accessions exhibit low phenotypic diversity as indicated by high similarity coefficients. Nevertheless, the accessions could be divided into two not very distinctive groups. Based on PCA (Principal Component Analysis), none of the observed characters were of outstanding significance in partitioning the diversity among the accessions. Due to their high similarity value, and depite the wide geographic area represented in the accessions, the study lends support to the belief that they belong to a single taxon, Lunasia amara var. amara. For conservation of Lunasia spp, this study suggests further collection activity is not a priority. Studies on the quantitative content of medicinally active constituents as well as phylogenetic studies of molecular diversity would test this conclusion and support a plant breeding program to develop the usefulness of this plant for human purposes.