Pendidikan di Sekolah Dasar (SD) bertujuan agar siswa memiliki pengetahuan dasar yang sangat berguna bagi kelanjutan studi serta dalam kehidupan di masyarakat (Depdiknas, 2006). Oleh karena itu, perlu pemahaman konsep yang sesuai sehingga pengetahuan yang diperoleh siswa dapat selalu diingat dengan baik. Agar terwujud tujuan tersebut, maka ditetapkan beberapa mata pelajaran yang harus dipelajari di SD salah satunya mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.Menurut Tarigan Abstract: This study aims at developing a media card for basic reading skill on first graders of elementarys chool. To achieve this goal, this research used qualitative research approach. Based on the results of small group trials the following data are obtained regarding the media: (1) 100% enjoyable, (2) 100% secure, (3) 100% easy, and (4) 96,87% appropriate language use. In accordance with the large group trials, the following data are obtained (1) 94% enjoyable (2) 100% secure (3) 94% easy-to-use (4) 97,18% appropriate language use. Based on the data that has been obtained above, word card media can be used without revision as an alternative learning in Indonesian language learning to practice the skills basic reading on first graders of elementary school.Keywords: development, media word cards, basic reading, elementary school Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media kartu kata untuk membaca permulaan kelas 1 SD. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil diperoleh data sebagai berikut (1) Kesenangan 100%, (2) Keamanan 100%, (3) Kemudahan 100%, (4) Aspek bahasa 96,87%. Berdasarkan uji coba kelompok besar diperoleh data sebagai berikut (1) Kesenangan 94% (2) Keamanan 100%(3) Kemudahan 94% (4) Aspek bahasa 97,18%. Berdasarkan data yang telah diperoleh di atas maka produk media kartu kata ini dapat digunakan tanpa revisi sebagai salah satu alternatif pembelajaran pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk melatih keterampilan membaca permulaan pada siswa kelas 1 SD.Kata kunci: pengembangan, media kartu kata, membaca permulaan, SD
The research aimed to describe: various types and models of handicrafts in Malang as learning source of cultural art and workshop of primary school. Qualitative descriptive approach. The subject of home industry of handicraft in Malang city. Data collection: observation, documentation and interview. Instrument of identity of handicraft place, owner's name, variety of craft product model. Result: (1) various bamboo root craft, wicker rattan, flower from corn "kelobot", fish scales, dried flowers, bouquet of flowers, banana pottery, handmade batik, fabric doll, flannel, knit, ceramic, furniture, frame, labunte, marble carving, cement sculpture, trash painting, painting, sanitair, stone mosaic, vandel, invitation card, screen printing, sandal carving, leather shoes, sand sea, and lanterns. (2) Handicraft models are mostly three-dimensional, and fewer two-dimensional shape.
<p>Susu kambing perah disukai masyarakat karena bergizi tinggi dan<br />berkhasiat sebagai obat penyakit tertentu. Produksi susu kambing<br />Indonesia berasal dari induk kambing luar negeri, dan kambing perah<br />peranakan yang sudah beradaptasi dengan kondisi lingkungan tropis<br />di Indonesia. Kambing yang dibudidayakan untuk produksi susu dan<br />daging adalah kambing peranakan etawa (PE), saanen, anglo nubian,<br />dan sapera. Kambing PE paling banyak dipelihara peternak, tetapi<br />produksi susunya belum optimal. Produksi susu kambing PE ratarata<br />857,3 ml/ekor/hari, kambing sapera 1.470 ml/ekor/hari, dan<br />kambing anglo nubian 1.190 ml/ekor/hari. Produksi susu kambing<br />sapera lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kambing PE dan anglo<br />nubian, namun komposisi kimiawi (protein, laktosa) susu kambing<br />sapera lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kambing PE dan anglo<br />nubian. Demikian pula puncak produksi susu kambing induk sapera<br />(2.190 ml/ekor/hari) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kambing<br />anglo nubian (1.980 ml/ekor/hari), dan PE (1.217 ml/ekor/hari).<br />Kualitas dan komposisi susu kambing mirip dengan air susu ibu (ASI)<br />dan susu kambing dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti ASI. Adanya<br />peluang bisnis dari meningkatnya permintaan susu kambing dan<br />harga susu kambing yang cukup tinggi telah menarik banyak orang<br />untuk membudidayakan kambing perah.</p>
Abstract. Praptosuwiryo TN, Sumanto, Cahyaningsih. 2019. Diversity and host preferences of ferns and lycopods epiphytes on palm trees. Biodiversitas 20: 3731-3740. Epiphytic ferns contribute importantly to the global biodiversity of tropical rain forests. However, our knowledge of the ecology of epiphytic ferns is phenomenally still limited. Most studies on the ecology, floristic and diversity of epiphytic ferns and lycopods were reported outside of Malesian region. This study aimed: (i) to figure out the diversity of ferns and lycopods on palm trees of the lowland areas by analyzing its species richness and floristic composition, and (ii) to determine the host preferences of epiphytic ferns on palm trees. Twenty-eight phorophyte species belonging to 17 genera of palm trees, growing at Bogor Botanic Gardens, were observed. Trunk of palm trees was divided into three zones (basal, middle and upper). Individual numbers for each species of epiphytic fern growing on each zone were recorded. Epiphytic fern species which were most commonly found were analyzed statistically to determine their preference for the host trees. A total of 16 species of epiphytic ferns and lycopods were recorded. The greatest richness of species occurred in Polypodiaceae (50%). Habitual true epiphyte was the predominant ecological category, representing 75 % of the species. Caryota no Becc. hosted the greatest number of ferns and lycopods 8 species) while Attalea insignis (Mart.) Drude hosted the fewest (2 species). Individual numbers of six epiphytic fern species were significantly affected by palm trees species, namely Belvisia callifolia (Christ) Copel., Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) Farwell, Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) M.G. Price, Davallia denticulata (Burm.) Mett., Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott, Vittaria ensiformis Sw. Individual numbers of five epiphytic fern species were significantly affected by zone of the host plant. Nephrolepis biserrata tends to grow well in the upper zone. Pyrrosia lanceolata tends to be abundant in the middle zone. B. callifolia, D. denticulata, and V. ensiformis grow well and make dense populations in the basal zone.
In making decisions to choose suppliers, decision making requires an analytical tool that allows them to solve complex problems so that the decisions taken are optimal. (Sangaji, 2013). Total EP Indonesia has many suppliers, one of which is a supplier of IT services, Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT). This company is engaged in oil exploration and production. Supplier of IT services (VSAT) is an important part of Total EP Indonesie. Then the selection of IT service suppliers (VSAT) for suppliers of IT services (VSAT) is an important part of Indonesie's EP Total must be chosen in accordance with the conditions of the company. What is meant by company conditions here are financial conditions, consumer demand conditions, inventory conditions and so forth. Errors in the selection of suppliers of IT services (VSAT) in Indonesian EP Total result in consumer demand that is not always fulfilled.
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