RésuméIl s'agira dans cet article de montrer toute la richesse des travaux récents sur la mission civilisatrice des congrégations françaises lorsqu'elles se lancent au 19e et 20e siècle dans la création d'écoles de filles à l'étranger. Ces travaux montrent le transfert de modèles scolaires français aussi bien en terrain colonial qu'ailleurs et étudient les contraintes politiques qui expliquent que certaines initiatives aient eu plus de succès que d'autres. En croisant les acquis de l'histoire missionnaire, de l'histoire coloniale et de l'histoire du genre, l'article s'intéresse aux travaux et aux sources qui permettent d'envisager une histoire transnationale des enseignantes religieuses lorsqu'elles s'implantent à l'étranger. Mots clés: historiographie, congrégation enseignante, soeur religieuse, mission civilisatrice, écoles de filles
Catholic womens congregations and the diffusion of a french school model AbstractThe article explores a spate of recent publications on the "civilizing mission" that French teaching orders undertook in the 19th and 20th centuries, opening girls' schools in foreign countries. This scholarship addresses the transfer of French educational models to both colonial and non-colonial situations, while highlighting how specific political and national contexts constrained or facilitated the action of French orders. Through an analysis of studies in missionary, colonial and gender history, the article emphasizes how this scholarship in combination with a series of published sources lays the groundwork for a transnational history of teaching nuns operating on foreign soils.
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