Penyakit hepatitis merupakan penyakit menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan yang besar di masyarakat, karena penularannya yang relatif mudah. Berdasarkan data WHO (World Health Organization) terdapat 2 milyar penduduk di dunia menderita hepatitis dan 1,46 juta diantaranya mengalami kematian. Prevalensi penderita hepatitis B di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan meningkat di tahun 2016 yaitu sebanyak 198 penderita. Jenis penelitian ini observasional analitik dengan menggunkan pendekatan case control. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2016 - Februari 2017. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 76 responden. Hasil uji statistik Binary Logistic tahap kedua menunjukkan bahwa hanya ada 3 variabel yang memiliki hubungan dengan Hepatitis B, yaitu riwayat vaksinasi memiliki nilai p value 0.171, riwayat penggunaan jarum suntik bersama p value 1.000 dan pasangan seksual p value 0.999. Berdasarkan hasil uji tersebut diketahui bahwa riwayat vaksinasi memiliki pengaruh terhadap kejadian hepatitis B. vaksinasi yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap kejadian hepatitis B. Hasil tersebut menggambarkan bahwa vaksin merupakan suatu tindakan yang sangat berpengaruh dan dapat mencegah penyakit hepatitis B, sehingga program pemberian vaksin diharapkan mulai ditingkatkan agar dapat mengendalikan kejadian hepatitis B.Kata Kunci : Hepatitis B, Riwayat Vaksinasi, Riwayat Bertatto, Riwayat Penggunaan Jarum Suntik Bersama, Pasangan Seksual
Objective: Averrhoa bilimbi is a plant that is used as a food spice and traditional medicine in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain a gel formula and measure its activity in inhibiting the growth of skin bacteria, namely Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: The gel formulation was tested organoleptically, homogeneity, pH, dispersibility test, and skin irritation test. Antibacterial activity test using agar diffusion method, inhibition of bacterial growth was compared with clindamycin as a positive control. Results: All gel formulations showed good homogeneity, pH of the preparations ranged from 4.5 to 6.1, the dispersion test was 5.5-6.5 cm, and none of them caused irritation to the skin. The results of the inhibitory activity against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria on concentrations 10, 15, and 20% were 16.67 + 0.40, 22.70 + 0.32 and 28.10 + 0.36 and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were 18.53 + 0.22, 24.16 + 0.29 and 30.40 + 0.4. The inhibitory activity of clindamycin against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were 35.33+0.29 and 36.30+0.37. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate extract gel Averrhoa bilimbi had good activity in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and has the potential to be used as an herbal anti-acne drug.
Introduction, Data which is obtained from Perinatology Medical Record General Hospital Simeulue Regency in 2016 the babies birth were 562 babies by 96 cases low born babies weight (17%) and increased in 2017 found 571 babies live born with 179 low weight babies born (31,3%). According to Aceh Health Profile in 2016 AKB with babies born 11 per 1000. This was quantitative with analytic survey and cross-sectional design. The population in this research was all mother who had babies on August 2018. There are 48 mothers and all population was as the sample. Data collection techniques, were primary ,secondary and tertiary. The Data analysis was using univariat, bivariat dan multivariat by testing Chisquare and double logistic binary. As the result, Research result showed that big part respondent of low knowledge was 26 person (54,2%), high education was 25 person(52,1%), low socioeconomic was 25 person (52,1%), ANC test quality with under standard was 27 person (56,3%), good-family supporting was 28 person(58,3%), and less-treatment was 19 orang (39,6%). It is assumed that there is correlation between treatment of mother who had babies with born babies body weight and no influence between education (sig 0,305), Family supporting (sig 0,151), there is influence between socioeconomic (sig 0,035), ANC test quality (sig 0,006), knowledge (sig 0,002) toward mother behaviour in pregnancy. It is suggested that the medical workers in Simeulue Regency General Hospital were being more active in taking care women pregnant in order to do consultation and check up to medical workers.
Pernikahan usia muda, pernikahan yang dilakukan oleh pria dibawah umur 19 tahun dan wanita dibawah umur 16 tahun. Menurut WHO tahun 2014 menunjukkan sebanyak 16 juta wanita melahirkan berusia 15-19 tahun atau 11% dari seluruh kelahiran di dunia. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi pernikahan usia muda pada pasangan suami istri di desa Tanjung Mompang Kec. Panyabungan Utara Kab. Mandailing Natal Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian mix methods. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasangan suami istri berstatus PUS yang melakukan pernikahan usia muda sebanyak 79 pasangan. Sampel pendekatan kuantitatif sebanyak 79 pasangan suami istri, pendekatan kualitatif yaitu 3 pasangan suami istri, 1 kepala desa , 1 bidan desa, 1 tokoh adat. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan analisis univariat, bivariat, multivariat. Analisis kualitatif dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel pengetahuan mayoritas kurang nilai p value 0,038, pendidikan mayoritas rendah nilai p value 0,013, pola asuh mayoritas kurang nilai p value 0,011, budaya mayoritas mendukung nilai p value 0,025. Kesimpulan ada pengaruh pengetahuan, pendidikan, pola asuh, dan budaya. Variabel paling dominan yang mempengaruhi pernikahan usia muda adalah budaya. Diharapkan bagi tokoh adat dapat memberikan cara pandang hidup bagi remaja untuk tidak melakukan pernikahan usia muda, menyarankan remaja untuk menuntut ilmu sampai keperguruan tinggi agar menjadi remaja yang bermanfaat, sehingga remaja tersebut mengetahui dampak negatif dari pernikahan usia muda yang rentan dengan masalah kesehatan reproduksi.
According to Minister of Health Regulation (Permenkes) No. 43 of 2016 every maternal must get antenatal services according to the standard which provided to pregnant women at least 4 times during pregnancy with a schedule of one first trimester, one second trimester and two-third trimesters. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of knowledge, attitudes, education, parity, income, support of health workers, a distance of health services and maternal health to the utilization of health services in the working area of the Cot Girek health centre, a population of this study amounted 512 people and 83 respondents were taken as the sample of this study. The research was Quantitative research used Mixed Method. The results showed of knowledge p = 0.000, education p = 0.000, income p = 0.000, support of health workers p = 0.000 shows a relationship to the utilization of health services. While attitudes p = .609, parity p = .823, distance of health services p = .167, maternal health p = .386 showed no relationship to the utilization of health services. The conclusion in this study is the influence of knowledge, education, income and support of health workers on the utilization of health services found, while the attitudes, parity, distance of health services and maternal health have no found about relationship to the utilization of health services. This research can be used as information for health workers to be more active in promoting antenatal care programs.
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