Many food snacks have the advantage but still have health risks as evidenced by the many cases of food poisoning, one of the causes of food poisoning is Bacillus cereus. This study aims to determine the amount and percentage of Bacillus cereus pollution on snacks sold in elementary schools. This research is expected to provide information to the public about the presence or absence of bacteria Bacillus cereus contamination. This research uses purposive sampling technique. The sample used in this study was hawker food sold in Elementary School as many as 20 samples consisting of 10 samples that have not fried and ten samples that have cooked. The results of the questionnaire study showed 83% of sellers did not put snacks in closed containers and found Bacillus cereus in meals. Conclusion 9 (45%) of food samples contaminated with Bacillus cereus bacteria
Abstact: Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from hospital generally been resistant to many antimicrobial-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin was rarely reported. Strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial infections that are multiresistant to antibiotics. This study aims to determine the presence of bacteria Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) on paramedics in the treatment room and the surgical ICU care hospitals Zalecha Martapura queen. This study used a descriptive survey method. The population in this study were nurses who worked in the surgical and ICU care that numbered 38 people. Sampling technique accidental sampling with a sample of 27 people. The survey results revealed 27 positive samples of Staphylococcus aureus 14 people, there is a sensitivity test results of 7 samples were resistant to cefoxitin (MRSA 26%), 4 samples were resistant to oxacilin and 7 samples were resistant to vancomycin (VRSA 26%). Concluded there is MRSA and VRSA in hospital Queen zalecha Martapura, it is advisable to increase the cleanliness of individuals and the use of personal protective equipment to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in the scope of the hospital. Keywords: MRSA; VRSA; Paramedic Abstrak: Galur Staphylococcus aureus yang diisolasi dari rumah sakit umumnya telah resisten terhadap berbagai antimikroba, Galur Staphylococcus aureus yang resisten terhadap vankomisin masih jarang dilaporkan. Galur Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) merupakan penyebab utama infeksi nosokomial yang bersifat multiresisten terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya bakteri Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dan Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) pada paramedis di ruang perawatan bedah dan perawatan ICU RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey deskriptif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah perawat yang bekerja di ruang perawatan bedah dan ruang ICU yang berjumlah 38 orang. Tehnik sampling secara accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel 27 orang. Hasil penelitian diketahui dari 27 sampel yang positif Staphylococcus aureus 14 orang, hasil uji sensitivitas terdapat 7 sampel resisten terhadap cefoxitin (MRSA 26%), 4 sampel resisten terhadap oxacilin dan 7 sampel resisten terhadap vancomycin (VRSA 26%). Disimpulkan terdapat MRSA dan VRSA di Rumah sakit Ratu zalecha Martapura, disarankan untuk meningkatkan kebersihan individu dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri untuk mengurangi kejadian infeksi nosokomial di lingkup rumah sakit. Kata Kunci : MRSA; VRSA ; Paramedis
Typhus is one of acute febrile illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. Treatment of typhoid fever usually use antibiotics, the use of antibiotics can cause side effects. People today are using treatment with natural ingredients, one of which is Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) compounds containing alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponin, and anthraquinone is efficacious as an antibacterial. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the water decoction of leaves Binahong against Salmonella typhi growth in vitro. This type of research is true experiment with posttest study design Only Control Group Design and methods used are diffusion (wells) with 5 treatment. The concentration of the cooking water leaves the dgunakan Binahong is 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The result showed inhibition zone water decoction of the leaves Binahong against Salmonella typhi at a concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% is 0 mm, whereas at 100% concentration obtained inhibition zone of 11 mm. It is concluded that the water decoction of the leaves Binahong at a concentration of 100% has the ability to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi, but these results have not been effective because it is still in the category of resistance. It is suggested for further research to increase the concentration of water decoction of the leaves binahong or use alcohol extract of leaves binahong to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi. Keywords: Water decoction of leaves Binahong, Salmonella typhi, antibacterial. Abstrak: Penyakit tifus atau dikenal dengan demam tifoid atau demam enterik adalah salah satu penyakit demam akut yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella typhi. Pengobatan demam tifoid biasanya menggunakan antibiotik, penggunaan antibiotik dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Masyarakat saat ini banyak menggunakan pengobatan dengan bahan alami, salah satunya adalah Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) yang mengandung senyawa Alkaloid, Polifenol, Flavonoid, Saponin, dan Antrakuinon yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas air rebusan daun Binahong terhadap pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi secara in vitro. Jenis penelitian ini adalah true eksperiment dengan rancangan penelitian Posttest Only Control Group Design dan metode yang digunakan adalah difusi (sumuran) dengan 5 perlakuan. Konsentrasi air rebusan daun Binahong yang dgunakan adalah 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100%. Hasil penelitian didapatkan zona hambat air rebusan daun Binahong terhadap Salmonella typhi pada konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% adalah 0 mm, sedangkan pada konsentrasi 100% didapatkan zona hambat sebesar 11 mm. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah air rebusan daun Binahong pada konsentrasi 100% memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi, namun hasil ini belum efektif karena masih dalam kategori resisten. Disarankan bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi air rebusan daun binahong atau menggunakan ektrak alkohol daun binahong untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi. Kata kunci : Air rebusan daun Binahong, Salmonella typhi, antibakteri.
Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a plant that can use as herbal medicine. Roselle calyx contains active compounds flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. These compounds can use as an antibacterial against Salmonella typhi. This study aims to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration and the effect of rosella cooking water concentration on Salmonella typhi in vitro. Experimental research with posttest only controls group design through dilution method. The results of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) study showed clarity at concentrations of 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) results obtained the number of colonies at a concentration of 60% by one colony, at a level of 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% showed no colony growth. Based on the results of the study concluded that there was an influence of rosella cooking water concentration on the growth of Salmonella typhi in vitro.
<p style="text-align: justify;">edes sp is known as a mosquito that transmits various diseases. In addition to spreading dengue fever and chikungunya, these mosquitoes also spread the virus zika is quite dangerous. One of the effort to controlling these diseases is to eradicate the vector by using materials that can be taken from plants one of them is bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum). The purpose of this study is to determine the kills power of Syzygium polyanthum water extract against Aedes sp larvae. This research uses true experiment with Posttest Only With Control Group Design design. Data were obtained from the number of larval deaths in the Syzygium polyanthum extract in each control group and treatment group for 24 hours. The results showed that the percentage of bayleaf water extract which has the largest number of larval deaths was at 32% concentration with 55% death percentage. It was concluded that each concentration of aqueous bay leaf water extract given had a killing power against Aedes sp larvae with the lowest percentage of 2.5% and the highest 55%. Based on the result of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that water extract of the bay leaf was able to kill Aedes sp larvae at each treatment with the value of sig 0,001. Suggestion for the next researcher to test the power of killing the water extract of Syzygium polyanthum to Aedes sp larvae by increasing the concentration of salted bay water extract.
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