Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a plant that can use as herbal medicine. Roselle calyx contains active compounds flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. These compounds can use as an antibacterial against Salmonella typhi. This study aims to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration and the effect of rosella cooking water concentration on Salmonella typhi in vitro. Experimental research with posttest only controls group design through dilution method. The results of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) study showed clarity at concentrations of 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) results obtained the number of colonies at a concentration of 60% by one colony, at a level of 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% showed no colony growth. Based on the results of the study concluded that there was an influence of rosella cooking water concentration on the growth of Salmonella typhi in vitro.
Reliable diagnosis on haematological examination is important, it is necessary to examine further the morphology of the blood cells previously stained in the procedure for staining thin blood smears using a buffer solution with a standard pH of 6.4 to 6.8. One of the problems that may occur in the laboratory is that the buffer reagents are damaged, past the expiration date or running out, so alternative buffers are needed that are cheap, fast and easy to obtain. This study used a quasi-experimental method. The result of this research is using alternative buffers from bottled mineral water following SNI-01-0553 2006. The colour produced by some of these alternative buffers is almost equivalent to blood cells stained with phosphate buffer. The percentage of assessment results in the alternative buffer codes B, C, D, E and F compared with control (A) were 62.67%, 92.00%, 82.67%, 80.00% 88, 00%, and 68.00%. The use of alternative buffers for staining thin blood smears using the Giemsa, Wright stain, and Romanowsky method can be done with mineral water as an alternative buffer for sample codes C, D, E and F, while B and G cannot be used. Alternative buffers can be applied by Medical Laboratory technologists who work directly in the field for emergency staining in areas far from health facilities. Further research can be done to find alternative colouring materials from natural ingredients so that our rich natural resources can be utilized to their maximum potential
<p style="text-align: justify;">In a laboratory, an erythrocyte is done by using hemocytometer and microscope. The task is to measure and assess the size and shape of the erythrocyte. But this procedure is time consuming, complex and tedious. As a solution to this problem, to provide an automated, cost-effective and efficient alternative to detection and counting of erythrocyte, hematology analyzers are used. However, false results related either to erythrocyte or other parameters from complete blood count may be observed in several instances. The objective study was to compare the accuracy of erythrocyte count results of automatic hematological analysis by the manual method. The study is an analytic survey with a cross-sectional design. Erythrocyte counting is done by using three types of control blood, namely high, normal and low, with 9 repetitions. In high control blood, the mean erythrocytes count by the manual method was 7.08 million/μl with a bias value of 1.4%, while that by the automated method was 7.03 million/μl with a bias value of 0.7%. The mean erythrocyte count in normal control blood by the manual method was 4.50 million/μl with a bias value of 0.9%, while that by the automated method was 4.4 million/μl with a bias value of 2.4%. And in low control blood, the mean erythrocyte count by the manual method was 1.72 million/μl with 4.4% bias value, while that the automated method was 1.67 million/μl with 1.2% bias value. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in accuracy between the erythrocyte count of manual methods with automated methods.</p>
Liquid waste from sasirangan industrial activities has a high enough Chemical Oxygen Demand pollutant power; if it is directly discharged into water bodies, it can damage the environment and harm health. One of the first processes needs to be done by using activated corn cobs (Zea mays). This study aims to analyze the ability of corn cobs charcoal to reduce levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand and increase the pH of sasirangan waste so that the results of this study can be an alternative to natural-based sasirangan waste treatment. This type of research is a pure experiment with a research design in One Group Pretest Postest Design. The research material used was sasirangan industrial waste in Manarap Village, Kertak Hanyar District, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Chemical Oxygen Demand levels were determined by the closed reflux titrimetry method. The results showed that the addition of the highest dose of activated corncob charcoal (50 g) reduced the largest turbidity by 35 percent, increased the pH by 72 percent, and reduced the color intensity by 33 percent. The conclusion is that the addition of corncob-activated charcoal at a dose of 30gr, 40gr, 50gr can reduce levels of Chemical Oxygen Demand, respectively, namely 24 percent, 35 percent, and 33 percent. An increase in pH was found at the same dose of 46 percent, 62 percent, and 72 percent, respectively. There is an effect of increasing the mass of activated charcoal from corn cobs on the Chemical Oxygen Demand levels in the sasirangan industrial waste with a significance value of 0.007. It is suggested to use corn cobs-activated charcoal for the pretreatment stage of sasirangan industrial waste treatment.
Typhoid fever is a systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella enteric serotype typhi. Laboratory tests are essential because the clinical symptoms of typhoid fever are not specific. The definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever make by culture isolation of Salmonella typhi, but this test is expensive and takes a long time. Other supporting tests that can do quickly are the Widal and Salmonella typhi IgM tests. This study aimed to determine the suitability between the results of the Widal test and the results of the anti-Salmonella typhi IgM test. This type of research is an observational analytic study determining the sample based on the accidental sampling technique. The number of samples taken was 42 samples. The results showed that the Widal Test in typhoid patients was 76% positive and 24% negative. Based on the anti-Salmonella typhi IgM test results in typhoid patients, 38% were positive, and 62% were negative. The study concluded a fragile agreement between the Widal test results and the results of the anti-Salmonella typhi IgM test. It recommended that the Widal test carried out for the initial examination and a quick community survey. The Tubex test highly recommends for diagnosis.
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