ABSTRACT

Purpose Study location may cause a different type of socio-demographic, body mass index (BMI), study intensity and food-related behavior. The increasing number of Indonesia students who study abroad to Taiwan is interesting to be examined those factors related. The purpose of this study is to examine the food-related behavior of Indonesian college students in different study location. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to administer questionnaires assessing socio-demographic, BMI, study intensity, meal preparations, food access and eating behavior of Indonesian college students (n = 493). Study location took in two cities and different countries (Indonesia and Taiwan). Analysis statistics was using frequency descriptive, Chi-square test, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Logistic regression. Findings The trend showed students who lived in Malang tended to have healthier eating behavior. Students tended to have a higher prevalence of low study intensity, dependent meal preparation and difficult food access in Taipei. There was a significant relationship between study location and study intensity (p < 0.01), study location and BMI (p < 0.01), study location and meal preparation (p < 0.01), study location and food access (p = 0.02). On the other hand, eating behavior had no significant relationship with study location (p = 0.28). Marital status became the most dominant variable in influencing obesity (OR = 0.198). Findings indicate that there are significant differences between study location with marital status, BMI, study intensity, meal preparation and food access, but not eating behavior. Moreover, married status is most influencing to obesity risk. Research limitations/implications The limitations of this research were data of height and weight was not be measured directly. Moreover, the reliability of the instrument was unexpected. In the future, research needs improvement more sample for fixing it. Moreover, to support initiatives to incorporate eating behavior into body weight management strategies may be needed. The implications are to create an effective nutrition education for Indonesian college students. Hopefully, it will be influencing public attitudes and affecting the quality of life. Practical implications Further investigation should consider longitudinal studies to explore the different effects of eating behavior on overweight and obesity. Nutritional education programs should give to young adults not only in developed but also in developing countries. Originality/value This paper shows our findings about the difference study location that may cause a different type of eating behavior. The research subject was Indonesian college students who live and study in two cities, Malang-Indonesia and Taipei-Taiwan. The trend showed students who live in Malang tend to have healthier eating behavior. On the other hand, study intensity, meal preparation and food access were significantly different in both cities. Indonesian college students in Taipei tended to have the higher prevalence of low study intensity, dependent meal preparation and difficult food access. The authors believe that the findings would appeal to a broad audience, especially for improving meal preparation in college students who study abroad.

Every year, millions of Muslims fast during the Ramadan month. The objective of the study was to compare anthropometric measures, dietary intake, and lifestyle factors of Indonesian Muslim young adults during regular days and during Ramadan fasting. The total sample sizes of this study were 49 subjects filled out anthropometric and lifestyles questionnaires before and after Ramadan, and 39 subjects provided 2-day dietary records during regular days and during Ramadan. Before Ramadan, the body weight and BMI were 55±10.8 kg and 22±3 kg/m2, respectively. After Ramadan, the body weight and BMI were 55±11 kg and 22±3 kg/m2, respectively. The differences between the subjects’ body weight as well as their BMI reported before and after Ramadan were significant (n=49; p=0.008; and p=0.012, respectively). Energy, protein, fat, n-6 PUFA, and phosphorus reduced significantly from regular to Ramadan days (n=39; 1688±434 kcal to 1521±364 kcal, p=0.004; 65±21 g to 55±16 g, p=0.001; 62±21 g to 49±17 g, p<0.0001; 14±7 g to 9±4 g, p<0.0001; 839±234 mg to 736±216 mg, p=0.005, respectively). Of the lifestyles, exercise durations and daily food expenses in daily decreased significantly (n=49; 27±27 min to 16±19 min, p=0.002; 435956±27645 IDR to 36549±29937 IDR, p=0.02, respectively). The frequency of exercise significantly changed during Ramadan (n=49, p=0.002). The body weight, BMI; intake of energy, protein, fat, n-6 PUFA, phosphorus; lifestyles of food expenses, exercise durations, and frequency of exercise of young adult Indonesian Muslims decreased significantly during Ramadan fasting when compared those in regular days.

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><strong><em>Latar belakang:</em></strong><em> Masalah </em><em>sulit </em><em>makan pada anak dapat berakibat jangka panjang pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan</em><em>, terutama dikaitkan dengan kejadian underweight. </em><em>Underweight akan </em><em>berdampak pada gangguan </em><em>perkembangan kecerdasan</em><em> dan</em><em> proses belajar, lebih rentan terhadap infeksi, meningkatkan keparahan penyakit, hingga meningkatkan mortalitas</em><em>. Salah satu penyebab sulit makan pada anak karena penampilan makanan yang tidak menarik. </em></p><p><strong><em>Tujuan:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan ibu terkait gizi dan kesulitan makan pada anak, keterampilan ibu dalam pembuatan bekal, dan tingkat kesulitan makan pada anak sebelum dengan setelah pelatihan pembuatan “bento”. </em></p><p><strong><em>Metode:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Pada penelitian one-group pretest-posttest design ini, ibu (n=20) dari anak prasekolah usia 3-6.5 tahun direkrut dari KB/TK Al-Ghoniya, Malang. Variabel yang diteliti diukur sebelum dan setelah pelatihan pembuatan Bento. Kesulitan makan pada anak ditentukan dengan menggunakan </em><em>Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ)</em><em> versi Indonesia. Pengetahuan ibu diukur menggunakan pertanyaan pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 butir, dan keterampilan pembuatan bekal dinilai menurut 5 aspek, yaitu </em><em>k</em><em>esesuaian porsi</em><em>, v</em><em>ariasi menu</em><em>, </em><em>cita rasa</em><em>, dan penampilan. Uji wilcoxon dan uji t berpasangan digunakan untuk menilai perbedaan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu, serta tingkat kesulitan makan pada anak sebelum dengan sesudah pelatihan.</em></p><p><strong><em>Hasil:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu, serta nilai kerewelan pada anak </em><em>(p &lt;0.05).</em><em> Tidak ditemukan perbedaan skor peka terhadap kenyang dan lambannya makan pada anak (p&gt;0.05).  Meskipun tidak ada perbedaan secara statistik, namun terdapat kecenderungan penurunan nilai peka terhadap kenyang dan lambannya makan sebelum dengan setelah pelatihan. </em></p><p><strong><em>Kesimpulan:</em></strong><em> </em><em>peningkatan penampilan pada makanan melalui bento dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk mengatasi kesulitan makan pada anak prasekolah.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong>KATA KUNCI:</strong><em> bento; kesulitan makan; anak prasekolah </em><em></em></p><p><span><strong><br /></strong></span></p><p><span><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></span></p><p><span><strong></strong><br /><span><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><span><em>Picky eating in children may have long-term consequences for growth and development, </em><span><em>especially related to underweight. Underweight results on developmental disorder, increase infection </em><span><em>susceptibility, disease severity and mortality. One of the causes of picky eating in children is the unattractive </em><span><em>of food appearance.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><strong><em>Objectives: </em></strong><em>To analize the effectiveness of the bento making training, including: Mother’s knowledge </em><em>related to nutrition and feeding difficulty in children; mother’s skill in food preparation</em><em>; </em><em>and level of eating </em><em>difficulty in children before and after bento making.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>This study used pretest-posttest design one-group study, mothers (n= 20) of preschool-aged </em><em>3-6.5 years were recruited from Al-Ghoniya Playgroup and Kindergarten School, Malang. Picky eating in </em><em>children was determined by Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) Indonesian version. Studied </em><em>variables were mother’s knowledge and skills, children’s satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, and </em><em>fussiness. Wilcoxon test and paired t-test were used to assess differences in mother’s knowledge and </em><em>skills, as well as the level of eating difficulty in children before and after the training.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>There were differences in maternal knowlege and skills (p&lt;0.00), and also the score of fussiness </em><em>in children before and after training (p=0.04). No difference was found in satiety responsiveness (0.058) </em><em>and slowness in eating in children (p=0.10).</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong><em>Bento-making training is effective to increase mother’s knowledge and skill and could be </em><em>as alternative to overcome picky eating among preschool children, </em><em>indicated by a decrease in the score </em><em>of fussines. </em><em>However, this training couldn’t improve the score of satiety responsiveness and slowness in </em><em>eating</em><em>.</em></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><em></em><br /><span><strong>KEYWORDS</strong><span>: <span><em>bento, picky eater, preschool children</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit tidak menular yang disebabkan oleh penumpukan lemak pada pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui asupan lemak terhadap profil lemak darah berkaitan dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah literature review dengan menggunakan metode traditional review. Diperoleh 13 karya ilmiah dari google scholar tahun 2015-2021. Analisis dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan melihat persamaan, perbedaan, atau membandingkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia masih banyak provinsi yang memiliki prevalensi penderita penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) di atas prevalensi nasional. Asupan lemak masyarakat di Indonesia terbilang tinggi diatas kebutuhan yang dianjurkan. Analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan lemak dengan profil lemak darah kaitannya dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) di Indonesia. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah asupan lemak yang tinggi dapat berpengaruh terhadap profil lemak darah (kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, trigliserida). Saran dalam penelitian diharapkan untuk menjaga pola hidup sehat dan menjaga pola konsumsi tinggi lemak.

Pola makan tidak seimbang merupakan salah satu pemicu terjadinya abnormalitas profil lipid, yang merupakan prediktor dari Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan dan frekuensi konsumsi serat, vitamin B3, PUFA dengan profil lipid danpenyakit jantung koroner. Metode penelitian adalah studi literatur dari jurnal penelitian yang diterbitkantahun 2016 hingga tahun 2020. Pencarian jurnal penelitianmenggunakan mesin pencari google di database E-Resources Perpustakaan Nasional RI, PubMed, PLoS, Researchgate, Google Scholar, dan Garuda Ristekbrin. Data dianalisis secara mendalam untuk menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan hasil penelitian. Enam dari 11 penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan serat, vitamin B3, dan PUFA sesuairekomendasi dengan penurunan risiko abnormalitas kadarlipid dan Penyakit Jantung Koroner (p-value<0,005). Dapat disimpulkan jika asupandan frekuensikonsumsi serat, vitamin B3, dan PUFA berhubungan secara signifikandengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner dan profil lipid darah.

Background: Problems that arise in students based on the results of the 2016 study indicate that more than 80% of students like to eat unhealthy snacks such as packaging snacks, fried foods, instant noodles, and meatballs. Where snacks contain high energy, carbohydrates, protein, saturated fat, and salt. The excess energy and nutrients intake are related to increasing the metabolic incidence of syndromes and the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease.Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of giving nutritional interventions to eating habits and anthropometric status of college students in Malang.Methods: The quasi-experimental design with 31 participants from college students in Malang. Nutrition interventions provided in the form of education related to healthy snacks and assistance in making healthy snacks. The instruments used were pretest-posttest, questionnaire, and semi FFQ. Data processing was carried out by descriptive statistical analysis and dependent t-test at a 95% confidence level.Results: There was a significant increase in knowledge related to healthy snacks for subyek penelitiants (p <0.01) indicated by the results of the pre-test and post-test. There was an increase in the influence with nutrition claims by 31% and there was a significant difference between before and after the intervention (p = 0.013). The results of a healthy semi FFQ snack for the fruit category experienced a significant increase after being given an intervention program (p <0.01), while the semi FFQ results for unhealthy snacks for the category of salted crackers, chocolate/candy, pudding, and market snacks tended to decrease in consumption although not significant. The prevalence of overweight and obese in participants before being given intervention was 29% and decreased after being given intervention to 22.6% even though there was no significant difference (p = 0.096).Conclusions: There is an increase in the influence of 'nutrition claims' and fruit consumption significantly. While the prevalence of obese tends to fall even though it is not significant between college students.

No abstract