The objective of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal and larvicidal activities of essential oil (EO) from fruits, leaves and flowers of garlic wood on cattle tick [Rhipichephalus (Boophilus) microplus]. The fruits were harvested from May to June (2015) and the leaves and flowers in December (2015). The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation (2h) and identified by GC/MS. Bioassays consisted of Adult Immersion Test and Larval Immersion Test. The results made the following major compounds evident: 2,3,5-trithiahexane (35.29%) in fruits, dimethyl sulfide (42.42%) in leaves and methanethiol (44.91%) in flowers. The EOs from fruits, leaves and flowers showed high activity on the tick larval cycle, presenting LD 99.9 of (0.23 ± 0.01 mg/mL), (2.15 ± 0.11 mg/mL) and (0.08 ± 0.00 mg/mL), respectively. However, when we compared different phases of cattle tick's live cycle, EO from fruits was more active on females' mortality, and EO from leaves was more efficient on the egg hatching inhibition, whereas EO from flowers presented better results on bovine tick larva. Thus, garlic wood (Gallesia integrifolia), a native plant of the Atlantic forest can be considered as a promising natural agent to control bovine tick.
A incidência de doenças relacionadas ao consumo de alimentos vem aumentando a cada dia, o que demonstra a importância de estudos que avaliem os agentes etiológicos envolvidos para que se possa traçar estratégias de controle do aparecimento de surtos. A salmonelose é uma enfermidade de grande importância para a saúde pública, sendo importante a sua investigação, visto que seu agente etiológico, a Salmonella spp. é um dos principais micro-organismos envolvidos em surtos de toxinfecções alimentares. Sendo assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o número de surtos alimentares ocasionados por Salmonella spp., notificados no Estado do Paraná entre janeiro de 2009 a julho de 2014. Neste período foram notificados 105 surtos de toxinfecção alimentar e desses 19 casos (18,09%) foram confirmados em laboratório como sendo Salmonella spp. No entanto, dentre os surtos de Salmonella spp. ocorridos no período não houve nenhuma notificação de morte ocasionada por este agente. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de realização de treinamento em Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) para os manipuladores, além do planejamento de ações em educação sanitária para a população consumidora, e a necessidade de um maior controle dos surtos alimentares, para que se possa contribuir efetivamente no controle desse tipo de doença por meio da redução da população exposta ao risco.
Micro-organismos indicadores de contaminação de um abatedouro de frangos coloniais situado na região noroeste do estado do Paraná Micro-organisms of contamination of a colonial chicken slaughterhouse situated in the northwest region of the state of Paraná
This study aimed at assessing the effect of using different sulphur dilutions in the yield and composition of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil). Sulphur was applied at different dilution rates with a centesimal scale ranging from 0c (control), 6c, 12c, 24c, to 30c. The experiment was conducted in pots at open atmosphere for 5 months, using a weekly dosage of 250 ml of the different dilution rates. Parameters evaluated were: Yield of essential oil by hydrodistillation (g%) and chemical composition analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results confirmed the effect of sulphur dilutions in the yield and composition of basil essential oil. Both the 6c and the 12c dilution rates led to the highest yield of essential oil (0.15%) when compared to the control (0.08%) and to other dilution rates (P≤0.05). The major chemical components of essential oil changed as the sulphur increased, the concentration of linalol: 33.14%(12c); 30.92%(6c); 27.13%(30c); 23.86%(24c); 7.41%(0c) and eugenol: 33.11%(24c); 32.14%(12c); 28.57%(30c); 26.51%(6c) and 7.8%(0c); in comparison with the control (0c). Economically, the increase of linalol and engenol concentrations are considered important as the essential oil of basil with high concentration of linalool is highly prized in the international market.
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