The Indonesian government has launched a 9-year compulsory education program for all students in Indonesia. The word "all" should have been touching all levels of society including the blind students. However, the fact shows different condition. Many schools still refuse to accept the blind students. In addition, some facilities like braille books for the blind students are also still limited while these books become the main pillar of education. They still become such "luxury stuffs" for the blind students in Indonesia. The cost of producing Braille books equals with fourfold financing regular books. This is because the Braille books need heavier papers, approximately 120 grams for every sheet of paper. To resolve this problem is by creating an audiobook or better known as a "voiced book" for the blind students. The extraordinary school (SLB) of category A is an outstanding school specifying for the blind students in Semarang who desperately need an audiobook. This audiobook has many benefits for the blind students of SLB category A. Firstly, it facilitates the students to "read" a book through the hearing sense. Secondly, it minimizes the cost of school expenditures in the book procurement both regular books for teachers or braille books for students. At last, it supports the government program of campaigning "paperless office". Abstrak Pemerintah Indonesia telah meluncurkan program wajib belajar 9 tahun bagi semua siswa di Indonesia. Kata "semua" seharusnya menyentuh semua lapisan masyarakat termasuk para pelajar tunanetra. Namun, fakta menunjukkan kondisi yang berbeda. Banyak sekolah masih menolak untuk menerima siswa tunanetra. Selain itu, beberapa fasilitas seperti buku braille bagi siswa tunanetra juga masih terbatas sementara buku-buku ini menjadi pilar utama pendidikan. Mereka masih menjadi seperti "barang mewah" untuk siswa tunanetra di Indonesia.

The U.S. Federal EmergencyManagement Agency requires jurisdictions to develop hazardmitigation plans (HMPs) to be eligible for hazard mitigation grants based on the 2000 Disaster Mitigation Act. As of May 2007, over 14,000 local jurisdictions in the US have developed single or multi-jurisdiction local hazard mitigation plans. However, little empirical research has examined the quality of local HMPs. This study develops a comprehensive HMP assessment protocol and then assesses the status of twelve HMPs within the Texas coastal management zone. The components of these plans are systematically examined in order to highlight their strengths and weaknesses. The average plan quality score (PǪS) was only 41.6 on a 100-point scale, with a high of 53.3 and a low of 28.7. Regional and county plans displayed higher PSQs than city plans. Most disconcerting was the finding of very low component quality scores forfact basisat 33.6 and mitigationpolicies & actionsat only 28.2. These two components are at the heart of HMPs. The relatively lowPǪSandCǪSresults suggest that there are significant improvements that should be undertaken in future iterations of HMPs to better insure long-term disaster resilience of local jurisdictions along the Texas coast.

This research attempts to examine the political participation of social media users particularly of Facebook and Twitter during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election. The data collection was performed through survey with accidental sampling methods. Samples were taken from population of undergraduate students of political and social sciences faculty at five universities in Yogyakarta namely UGM, UIN Sunan Kalijaga, UMY, UNY and UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta. Using statistic descriptive, this research conceptualizes the political participation of social media users while the relations of social media and political participation is analyzed through OLS Regression. The findings indicated that the level of political participation of the social media users during the election was categorized as good. However, the facilities offered by the two social media applications were not maximally used to supporting political participation activities. On the other hand, the result OLS regression shows that there were positive and significant correlations and influences of social media towards the political participation of its users during the election even though the percentage was small.

This research aimed to know how mitigasi non-structural Tempe lake overflow flood disaster through ordering room and to express cooperations inter-government regency in mitigasi non-structural Tempe lake overflow flood disaster through ordering room. This research is descriptive qualitative research with triangulation method data collection. It so happens data analysis method used namely descriptive qualitative data analysis method. Result research indicate that mitigasi non-structural effort Tempe lake overflow flood disaster through ordering room has look in some article in lay-out plan regional policy area in Sidenreng Rappang, Soppeng and Wajo regency although inside regulation that is same still found articles that are potentially detain that effort. Besides, this research found that do not have cooperation among each one government regency in mitigasi non-structural through ordering room. Keyword: disaster mitigation, ordering room, disaster flood, development area. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mitigasi nonstruktural bencana banjir luapan Danau Tempe melalui penataan ruang dan untuk mengungkapkan kerjasama antar pemerintah kabupaten dalam mitigasi nonstruktural bencana banjir luapan Danau Tempe melalui penataan ruang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data triangulasi. Adapun metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya mitigasi nonstruktural bencana banjir luapan Danau Tempe melalui penataan ruang telah terlihat pada beberapa pasal dalam peraturan daerah rencana tata ruang wilayah di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, Soppeng dan Wajo meskipun dalam peraturan yang sama masih ditemukan pasal-pasal yang berpotensi menghambat upaya tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa belum ada kerjasama antara masing-masing pemerintah kabupaten dalam mitigasi nonstruktural melalui penataan ruang. Kata kunci: mitigasi bencana, penataan ruang, bencana banjir, pengembangan wilayah PENDAHULUAN Posisi Indonesia yang berada di daerah rawan bencana menyebabkan sering terjadinya berbagai macam bencana. Diantara semua kejadian bencana yang terjadi di Indonesia, bencana banjir merupakan bencana dengan intensitas kejadian paling tinggi. Dari data yang dirilis oleh Data dan Informasi Bencana Indonesia BNPB

This study analyzes 488 household residents’ responses to the 2018 Indonesia M7.5 earthquake and tsunami. Comparison of this event with past earthquake and tsunami events, such as the 2009 Samoa (M8.1), 2011 Christchurch (M6.3), and 2011 Tohoku (M9.0) events, identifies commonalities and differences among people’s responses to these events. The results show that many Palu respondents failed to recognize strong earthquake ground motion as an environmental cue to a tsunami, but this was partially offset by an informal peer warning network. Most of the warnings only mentioned one of the six recommended message elements—the tsunami hazard. However, this brief message might have been adequate for many people if they could infer the certainty, severity, and immediacy of the threat, and appropriate evacuation modes, routes, and destinations. Unlike two comparison cases, some Palu respondents actually began their evacuation later than they expected the tsunami to strike. This might be due to spending too much time milling (seeking additional information, relaying warnings, reuniting families, and preparing to evacuate)—given the tsunami’s extremely rapid onset. This finding underscores the need for coastal emergency managers to promote evacuation preparedness for near-field tsunamis in which households pack Grab and Go kits in advance, warn others while evacuating, and plan in advance where to reunite household members who must evacuate separately.