Problem statement: Santa Barbara Amorphous (SBA-15) is significant mesoporous silica with exclusive and important properties of highly ordered mesopores, hydrothermally stable and thick wall, profusely large surface area and huge pore volume which render it as promising catalyst for wide applications. However, the purely siliceous SBA-15 which lacks of acidity characteristic hinders its ideal capabilities as catalyst. Moreover, functionalization and modification of SBA-15 could enhance and optimize its catalytic activity. Conclusion/Recommendations: Thus, in this review, the various types and different synthesis of modifying SBA-15 are discussed in detail towards its application in biorefinery production. The catalytic activities in various operating conditions and reactions are also reviewed for future reference and scope of studies.

Problem statement: Electro-hydraulic actuators are widely used in motion control application. Its valve needs to be controlled to determine direction of the motion. Mathematical modeling is a description of a system in terms of equations. It can be divided into two parts; physical modeling and system identification. The objective of this study was to obtain mathematical model of an electro-hydraulic system using system identification technique by estimating model using System Identification Toolbox in MATLAB. Approach: Experimental works were done to collect input and output data for model estimation and ARX model was chosen as model structure of the system. The best model was accepted based on the best fit criterion and residuals analysis of autocorrelation and cross correlation of the system input and output. PID controller was designed for the model through simulation in SIMULINK. The controller is tuning by Ziegler-Nichols method. The simulation work was verified by applying the controller to the real system to achieve the best performance of the system. Results: The result showed that the output of the system with controller in simulation mode and experimental works were improved and almost similar. Conclusion/Recommendations: The designed PID controller can be applied to the electro-hydraulic system either in simulation or real-time mode. The self-tuning or automatic tuning controller could be developed in future work to increase the reliability of the PID controller

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai budaya tradisi Dieng Culture Festival yang berperan sebagai kearifan lokal dalam upaya untuk membangun karakter bangsa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) persepsi masyarakat terhadap transformasi nilai budaya tradisi Dieng Culture Festival secara turun-temurun tanpa mengubah makna sebenarnya; (2) adanya relevansi antara kearifan lokal terhadap pembangunan karakter bangsa karena nilai kearifan lokal bukan sebagai hal yang menghambat pada era globalisasi, melainkan menjadi kekuatan besar dalam membangun karakter bangsa. Cultural Value of “Dieng Culture Festival” Tradition as a Local Wisdom for Building the Nation Character: Case Study at Dieng Plateau. This study aims to know the value of cultural tradition of Dieng Culture Festival which serves as the local wisdom in an effort to build the national character. The research is qualitative with the case study method. The data collection techniques used by researchers include: observation, interviews and documentation. The analysis technique used in this study include: triangulation of sources and triangulation techniques. The results show that: (1) the perception of community about transformation of Dieng Culture Festival without changing the actual meaning; (2) the relevance of local wisdom with the character of the nation.

The Tofu Liquid Waste (TLW) as a pollution might be processed into biogas which was environmentally friendly and had potential to replace burning wood or oil. However, the waste could not directly be employed as the biogas substrate due to the high nitrogen content which was not suitable to the methanogen microorganism on the biogas digester and did not produce biogas. It was therefore necessary to adapt the carbon-nitrogen ratio in TLW with the addition of other organic materials that had a lower nitrogen content so it would be a suitable substrate for generating biogas. The research was aimed to evaluate the addition of the other organic material on the TLW to increase the biogas production. The results showed that TLW combined with sheep dung, cabbage waste, bamboo leaves and paddy straw respectively produced biogas as much as 14,183, 7,250, 2,400, 895 cm 3 in 20 days. The 4 treatments gave the same quality of biogas, which was determined using the water boiling test. The pH fluctuation during the process was in the right pH for anaerobic digestion, thus it was not the limiting factor.

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Critical thinking ability is one of the competencies that must be possessed by students. Critical thinking is an intellectual skill of one character that has become an issue in education in facing industrial revolution 4.0. This study aims at describing the development of students' critical thinking ability in learning Civic Education. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with a qualitative approach. The results show that the development of critical thinking ability through Civic Education learning in the era of industrial revolution 4.0 brings better results on students' critical thinking. This shows that it has developed on the aspects of knowledge, political, law, moral values, education characters, and citizenship identity so that as young citizens have earned a result in developing a critical thinking ability. This study is expected to be able to describe critical thinking, civic education learning and industrial revolution 4.0.

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This article reviews the 21st century competence of the Civic Education curriculum in Indonesia. It is deemed necessary to be examined considering the industrial Era characterized by very strict competition, demanding that every citizen have adequate ability to deal with global competition. This study aims to see how the Civic Education Curriculum in Indonesia accommodates 21st century competences that must be possessed by students. The method used in this study used a qualitative approach to identify the curriculum of Civic Education 2013 revised with the competency indicator of the 21st century citizen and see what competencies have been accommodated in implementing Curriculum 2013. The findings are generated by this research that in principle the basic concept of 21st century skills is present in the ongoing curriculum. The conclucion of the study shows that in the 2013 Curriculum document, 21st century citizen competences are accommodated, both affective competences such as attitude and characters as well as cognitive and psychomotor abilities such as the ability to be creative and innovate, critical thinking, problem solving, commuicate, collaborate and literacy capabilities. But in the learning process still category very little in development of student creativity to answer the various demands of learning in the curriculum 2013 Civic Education results revised.