One of the most intriguing phenomenon observed during lead toxicity has been attributed to lead-induced oxidative stress. The combined effect of DL-a-lipoic acid (LA) and meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) on lead-induced alterations in selected parameters, which are indicators of oxidative stress in erythrocytes, have been studied. Lead acetate (Pb, 0.2%) was administered in drinking water for 5 weeks to induce toxicity. LA (25 mg/ kg body weight per day i.p.) and DMSA (20 mg/kg body weight per day i.p.) were administered individually and also in combination during week 6. Clinical evidence of toxic exposure was evident from the elevated blood lead levels (BPb) along with lowered levels of haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Ht). Lead-exposed animals showed enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the erythrocytes. Damage to the erythrocyte membrane was evident from the decline in the activities of the trans-membrane enzymes, viz., Na1, K1 ATPase, Ca21 ATPase and Mg21 ATPase. Lead-exposed rats also suffered an onslaught on the antioxidant defence system witnessed by lowered activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Serum glutamic-oxoloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) were also elevated in lead-exposed rats. Treatment with either LA or DMSA reversed the lead-induced biochemical disturbances encountered by the erythrocytes, but combined treatment with LA and DMSA was very effective in mitigating all the parameters indicative of oxidative stress.
The deleterious effect of lead has been attributed to lead-induced oxidative stress with the consequence of lipid peroxidation. The present study was designed to investigate the combined effect of DL-alpha-lipoic acid (LA) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) on lead-induced peroxidative damages in rat kidney. The increase in peroxidated lipids in lead-poisoned rats was accompanied by alterations in antioxidant defence systems. Lead acetate (Pb, 0.2%) was administered in drinking water for 5 weeks to induce lead toxicity. LA (25 mg/kg body weight per day i.p.) and DMSA (20 mg/kg body weight per day i.p.) were administered individually and also in combination during the sixth week. Nephrotoxic damage was evident from decreases in the activities of gamma-glutamyl transferase and N-acetyl beta- D-glucosaminidase, which were reversed upon combined treatment with LA and DMSA. Rats subjected to lead intoxication showed a decline in the thiol capacity of the cell, accompanied by high malondialdehyde levels along with lowered activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione metabolizing enzymes (glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione- S-transferase). Supplementation with LA as a sole agent showed considerable changes over oxidative stress parameters. The study has highlighted the combined effect of both drugs as being more effective in reversing oxidative damage by bringing about an improvement in the reductive status of the cell.
One of the most intriguing phenomena observed during adriamycin (ADR) toxicity has been attributed to ADR-induced oxidative stress. The study was aimed to assess the protective effect of lipoic acid (LA) against ADR induced damage to erythrocytes. Male albino rats (Wistar strain) were subjected to ADR (1 mg/kg body weight/day i.v.) once a week for a period of 12 weeks. Haematological indices like haemoglobin levels (Hb) and haematocrit (Ht) were also lowered along with a marked increase in the activities of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT). These rats demonstrated enhanced erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) and an onslaught in the antioxidant defence armoury, witnessed by lowered activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E. Rats administered with ADR showed a marked decline in the activities of membrane-bound ATPases. Abnormal LPO and decreased deformability led to increased osmotic fragility of the red blood cells. Pretreatment with LA (35 mg/kg body weight/day i.p.) 24 hours prior to the administration of ADR once a week for a period of 12 weeks was effective in counteracting these biochemical disturbances, thereby minimizing the toxic side effects of ADR.
This study has highlighted the beneficial effects of LA pretreatment in reversing the damages caused by ADR, by bringing about an improvement in the reductive status of the cell.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.