ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfologi, produktivitas dan kualitas rumput gajah kultivar Taiwan, King dan Mott yang dipanen pada umur 8 dan 13 setelah tanam. Pengaruh kultivar dan umur panen disusun dalam Rancangan Tersarang (3x2). Peubah yang diamati terdiri atas karakteristik morfologi, produksi bahan kering dan kualitas hijauan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik morfologi, rasio daun batang, kadar serat, kandungan protein kasar dan kecernaan in vitro bahan kering rumput gajah kultivar Taiwan dan King tidak berbeda, namun keduanya memiliki karakteristik morfologi, kandungan serat lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan kultivar Mott, sebaliknya rasio daun batang, kandungan protein kasar dan kecernaan in vitro bahan kering kultivar Mott lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan kultivar Taiwan dan King. Secara umum, terjadi peningkatan tinggi tanaman dan kadar serat pada umur 13 minggu, sedangkan kandungan protein kasar dan kecernaan in vitro bahan kering menurun. Disimpulkan bahwa produksi bahan kering tertinggi terdapat pada kultivar Taiwan dan King, sedangkan kualitas tertinggi terdapat pada kultivar Mott. Produksi bahan kering tertinggi pada umur 13 minggu, sedangkan kualitas tertinggi pada umur 8 minggu setelah tanam untuk semua kultivar diuji.Kata kunci : kualitas, kultivar, produksi, rumput gajah ABSTRACTThe research was conducted to determine the morphological characteristics, productivity and quality of Napier grass cultivars Taiwan, King and Mott harvested at 8 and 13 after planting. Effect of cultivar and harvest arranged in a nested design (3x2). The variables were observed consisting of morphological characteristics, dry matter production and forage quality. The results showed that the morphological characteristics, leaf stem ratio, fiber content, crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility of Napier grass Taiwan and King cultivar were not different, but both morphological characteristics, fiber content was higher (P <0.05) compared to Mott cultivar, whereas leaf stem ratio, crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility Mott cultivar was higher (P <0.05) compared to Taiwan and King cultivars. In general, an increase in plant height and fiber content at the age of 13 weeks, whereas crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility decreased. It was concluded that the highest dry matter production found in Taiwan and the King cultivars, whereas highest quality found in Mott cultivar. Dry matter production was highest harvested at 13 weeks, whereas the highest quality harvested at 8 weeks after planting for all cultivars tested. .

INTISARIPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan produksi tanaman sorgum varietas lokal Rote sebagai pakan ternak ruminansia pada umur panen dan dosis urea yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Laboratorium Hijauan Makanan Ternak dan Pastura Fakultas Peternakan UGM selama 4 bulan dari tanggal 11 November 2011 hingga 27 Februari 2012. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu umur panen (UP) sebagai faktor pertama (UP1= 50 hari, UP2 = 70 hari, dan UP3 = 90 hari) dan dosis pupuk urea (P0 = tanpa urea sebagai kontrol, P1 = 50 kg/ha, dan P2 = 100 kg/ha) sebagai faktor kedua. Kombinasi perlakuan ini diulang 4 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah produksi bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO), dan protein kasar (PK) (g/polibag). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi BK tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan UP3P2 (107,27 g/polibag) dan berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan UP3P1, UP3P0, UP2P2, UP2P1, UP2P0, UP1P2, UP1P1, dan UP1P0. Perlakuan UP3P2 dan UP3P1 menghasilkan produksi BO yang lebih tinggi yaitu 108,07 dan 84,70 g/polibag, dibandingkan dengan UP3P0, UP2P2, UP2P1, dan UP2P0. Produksi BO terendah terdapat pada kombinasi perlakuan UP1P0 (25,60 g/polibag) dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan UP1P2 (32,88 g/polibag) dan UP1P1 (28,70 g/polibag). Produksi PK tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan UP2P2 (5,57 g/polibag) dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan UP3P2 (5,14 g/polibag) dan UP1P2 (5,03 g/polibag). Produksi PK berbeda dengan UP3P1, UP2P1 dan UP1P1. Produksi PK juga berbeda dengan UP1P0 dan UP2P0. Perlakuan UP3P0 merupakan kombinasi perlakuan yang menghasilkan produksi PK terendah yaitu 2,22 g/polibag. Disimpulkan bahwa tanaman sorgum yang dipanen pada umur 90 hari dengan dosis pupuk urea 100 kg/ha, menghasilkan hijauan terbaik sebagai pakan ruminansia.(Kata kunci: Sorgum, Umur panen, Dosis urea, Produksi bahan kering, Produksi protein kasar) (November 11 -February 27, 2012) ABSTRACT The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the production of sorghum plant (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) of Rote local variety as forage for ruminant feed at different combination of harvest time and urea level. The experiment conducted for 4 months

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produktivitas hijauan arbila (Phaseolus lunatus) sebagai pakan ruminansia pada berbagai level inokulum rizobium dan umur panen, telah dilaksanakan selama 5 bulan, dirancang dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama yaitu level inokulum (I): I1 (tanpa inokulum), I2 (5 g/kg benih), I3 (10 g/kg benih), dan I4 (15 g/kg benih). Faktor kedua adalah umur panen (U) yaitu U1 (dipanen pada umur 60 hari), U2 (dipanen pada umur 80 hari), U3 (dipanen pada umur 100 hari), yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah serapan nitrogen (N), produksi bahan kering (BK), produksi bahan organik (BO), kadar BO, kadar protein kasar (PK), kadar serat kasar (SK), kadar bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), kadar ekstrak eter (EE), dan kadar abu hijauan arbila. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis inokulum rizobium 15 g/kg (I4) benih menghasilkan persentase bintil akar efektif tertinggi (98,72%) dan kombinasinya dengan umur panen 100 hari (I4U3) mampu menghasilkan produktivitas tertinggi yaitu dapat mengabsorbsi N sebesar 688,10 g/polybag dengan produksi BK 273,81 g/polybag, produksi BO 263,96 g/polybag, serta kandungan nutrien sebagai berikut: 91,

An experiment was conducted to determine Total Non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) of three cultivars of napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) harvested at vegetative and reproductive phases. The cultivars tested were Taiwan (Gt), King (Gk) and Mott (Gm) and arranged in a 3 x 2 of treatments with four replicates following nested design. The results showed that the highest sugar content (P<0.01) was found in Gt cultivar and the lowest was in Gm cultivar. The highest starch content (P<0.01) was found in Gk cultivar and the lowest was in Gt cultivar. TNC content of Gt and Gk cultivars were not significantly different, but both were significantly higher (P<0.01) compared with the Gm cultivar. It can be concluded, that there were differences in TNC between cultivars, however, the TNC content in Gk cultivar was not different with Gt cultivar, while Gm cultivar have the lowest (P<0.

No abstract

The research aim was to investigate association selected rhizobium bacteria with legumes in salinity stress. Plant media was salin soil that have EC = 20.45 mmhos/cm which taken from Morosari beach, Sayung, Demak. Rhizobium isolate applied was tolerant to 12.000 ppm of NaCl that equaled to electrical conductivity of 20 mmhos/cm. The research was carried out in green house of Laboratory of Forage Science Diponegoro University Semarang. The design arranged was completely randomized design with factorial design 2 x 4 in 3 repeatations. First factor was kind of legumes, T1 = lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala); T2 = turi (Sesbania grandiflora). and second factor was kind of rhizobium isolates, I1 = without isolate; I2 = rhizobium that was isolated from lamtoro, I3 = rhizobium that was isolated from turi; I4 = combination isolate from lamtoro and turi. The crop growth was observed up to 10 weeks of age. The parameters were 1) crops heigh; 2) sum of leaf crops; 3) fresh weight production; 4) dry weight production; 5) amount and fresh weigh of effective root nodules. The study showed the growth and production of turi in saline media of EC 20.45 mmhos/cm was higher than lamtoro. Root nodule of turi was formed, but lamtoro was not. Turi was more tolerant than lamtoro at very saline media.

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penampilan produksi tanaman arbila berinokulum dan sorgum yang ditanam secara tumpangsari pada jarak tanam arbila dan jumlah baris sorgum yang berbeda, telah dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan, dirancang dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama yaitu jarak tanam arbila (I): J1 (120 cm), J2 (180 cm). Faktor kedua adalah jumlah baris sorgum (P) yaitu P1 (1 baris), P2 (2 baris), P3 (3 baris), yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah produksi bahan kering (BK), produksi bahan organik (BO), produksi protein kasar (PK), dan nilai Land Equivalent Ratio (LER). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi BO tertinggi pada J1P2 dan J1P3 yaitu 5,33 dan 4,53 ton/ha, produksi BO tertinggi pada J1P2 dan J1P3 yaitu 5,33 dan 4,57 ton/ha, sementara J1P1, J1P2 dan J1P3 menhghasilkan produksi PK yang lebih tinggi yaitu 0,55, 0,77 dan 0,55 ton/ha. Nilai LER tertinggi pada J1P2 dan J1P3 yaitu 2,53 dan 2,38. Disimpulkan bahwa pada tumpangsari arbila dan sorgum, jarak tanam arbila 120 cm dengan jumlah baris sorgum sebanyak 2 dan 3 menghasilkan produksi hijauan terbaik sebagai pakan ruminansia.Kata kunci : Phaseolus lunatus, sorgum, tumpangsari, jarak tanam, jumlah baris, hijauan Forage Production of Intercropping Arbila (Phaseolus lunatus) Added Rhizobium Inoculant and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) at Different Spacing Arbila and Row Number of Sorghum ABSTRACT The study was conducted to evaluate the forage production of arbila (Phaseolus lunatus) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in intercropping grown on different spacing of arbila and number row of sorghum, and was designed as completely randomized design of factorial pattern with two factors. The first factor was the spacing of arbila (J) i.e. J1 (120 cm) and J2 (180 cm). The second factor was row number of sorghum (P) i.e. P1 (1 row), P2 (2 rows), P3 (3 rows) with 3 replications. The variables were dry matter (DM) production, organic matter (OM) production, crude protein (CP) production of forage, and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER).The results showed that highest DM production at J1P2 and J1P3 (5.33 and 4.53 tons/ha), highest OM production at J1P2 and J1P3 (5.33 and 4.57 tons/ha), highest CP production at J1P1, J1P2 and J1P3 (0.55, 0.77, and 0.55 tons/ha), and highest LER at J1P2 and J1P3 (2.53 and 2.38). It can be concluded that the intercropping arbila and sorghum at planting space of 120 cm with 2 and 3 row of sorghums between arbilas produces the best forage production as ruminant feed.

ABSTRACT[PHYSIOLGICAL PERFORMANCES AND YIELD OF GUINEA GRASS (Panicum maximum Jacq.) AS AFFECTED BY APPLICATIONS OF GYPSUM, MANURE, AND NITROGEN]. Agricultural production on saline soil is often hampered by the inherent soil properties that limit the plant to gain optimal growth and development. Objective of this study was to determine the effects of gypsum, manure, and nitrogen applications on the physiological characteristics and yield of guinea grass. A factorial experiment was set up in a greenhouse, involving two levels of manure (0 and 20 ton ha -1 ), four levels of gypsum (0, 0.75, 1.5, and 3 ton ha -1 ), and three levels of nitrogen (0, 50 kg N ha -1 in form of nitrate, and 50 kg N ha -1 in form of ammonium). Application of manure at 20 ton ha -1 produced higher leaf area per plant (LAPP), photosynthetic rate, nitrogen uptake, relative growth rate (RGR), plant height, and forage and dry matter productions as compared to no manure. Similarly, LAPP, photosynthetic rate, and net assimilation rate (NAR) had increased linearly as the gypsum applications were increased from 0.75 to 3 ton ha -1 . ANR were increased in quadratic fashion on both manure treatments in accordance with the increment of gypsum applications. LAPP, NAR, ANR, N uptake, plant height, RGR, and dry matter production were increased by application of either nitrate or ammonium application, whereas the highest forage production was found on combination of manure at 20 ton ha -1 and N at 50 kg ha -1