The composition of hydrodistilled essential oils of three species of Phlomis (Lamiaceae), P. lanceolata, P. anisodonta and P. bruguieri, were investigated by GC and GC-MS, and 31, 28 and 21 compounds, representing 94.1%, 96.0% and 96.8%, respectively, of the total oils, were identified. In all three samples, sesquiterpenes were the main components. In P. lanceolata oil the main components were germacrene D (47.0%), (E)-β β β β β-farnesene (10.5%), α α α α α-pinene (8.7%), germacrene B (8.0%), bicyclogermacrene (5.9%); in P. anisodonta, germacrene D (65.0%) and β β β β β-caryophyllene (11.0%); and in P. bruguieri, germacrene D (60.5%), γ γ γ γ γ-elemene (16.5%), germacrene B (7.1%) and bicyclogermacrene (4.1%
Isolation ProcedureThe fresh aerial parts (100 g of each sample) were hydrodistilled for 4 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus and the oils were dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and stored in sealed glass vials at 4°C before analysis.
Gas ChromatographyA Thermoquest 2000 GC chromatograph with capillary column DB-1 (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 µm film thickness) was employed.
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