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In this paper, a pulse generator circuit for mm-wave imaging systems is presented. The pulse generation system consists of a pulse generator core circuit and a nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) as pulse compressor. The width compression is the key feature of this design as a pulse narrowing in time domain corresponds to bandwidth expansion in frequency domain. A digitally generated pulse is decomposed by the NLTL into several impulse waves called solitons. Finally, the secondary solitons are degenerated by means of tapering. In this way, the compression effect is achieved. The simulation results showed that the narrowest pulse generated by the delay line-based pulse generator circuit was 37ps. Following that, the NLTL further compressed the pulse by 62% to 14 ps. Hence, an extremely wide bandwidth from 0 to a first null of 100GHz was generated. This design is implemented in 90-nm CMOS process with a supply voltage of 1.2V.

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This paper presents a multicarrier 60GHz transmitter for distance measurement (ranging) in an indoor wireless localization system, achieving mm-precision with high update rate. The architecture comprises a baseband subcarrier generator, an upconverter, and a power amplifier. There are three key innovations, all stemming from careful hardware-algorithm co-design: 1. efficient frequency planning of the 6GHz-wide band; 2. power-efficient multicarrier signal generation by means of digital frequency divisions exploiting the phase-based time-of-arrival ranging algorithm; and 3. PAPR reduction to enable efficient operation of the power amplifier. By implementing these key techniques, 0.7-2.7mm precision is achieved over 5m measured distance with 5.4µs symbol duration. During operation, the core digital subcarrier generator generates 16 non-equidistant subcarriers from a 3GHz input clock, while consuming an average power of 1.8mW out of 0.9V supply. The upconverter and the power amplifier altogether consume around 127mW. The total area of the transmitter is 1.1mm2 . The chip is fabricated in a 40nm general purpose CMOS process.P. Indirayanti, T. Ayhan, M. Verhelst, W. Dehaene, and P. Reynaert are with the MICAS Division, Departement of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven,

This paper presents an efficient multicarrier 60GHz transmitter for distance measurement (ranging) in an indoor wireless localization system. By exploiting hardware-algorithm co-design, a high precision, high update rate, yet power efficient transmitter architecture is achieved, which comprises subcarrier generation through frequency division, an upconverter, and a power amplifier. An efficient frequency generation through digital design is ensured by means of co-design with the amplitude nonlinearity-tolerant algorithm. In consequence, conventional power hungry baseband blocks, such as DAC and OFDM processor, are avoided. Moreover, symbol selection is performed to minimize PAPR. The transmitter achieves 0.7-2.4mm precision demonstrated over a distance of 4m. During operation, the core digital subcarrier generator generates 16 non-equidistant subcarriers, while consuming an average power of 1.8mW out of 0.9V supply with an input clock of 3GHz. The upconverter and the power amplifier altogether consume around 127mW. The total active area of the core transmitter circuit is 0.9mm 2 . The chip is fabricated in a 40nm general purpose CMOS process.

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