Early diagnosis and treatment of meningitis are very important for reducing its mortality and morbidity. In patients with suspected meningitis, early detection of the responsible agents may be possible with molecular methods, such as PCR. Significant economic benefits may be obtained by preventing unnecessary antibiotic use and hospitalizations through the early detection of the microbial agents.
ÖZET
SUMMARY
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Blood Cultures in Konya Training and Research Hospital Between the Years 2009-2013
Bloodstream infections have high morbidity and mortality rates. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of bloodstream infections. Evaluation of frequency of microorganisms isolated from blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility can provide clinicians with relevant infomation for the emprical treatment of patients. In this study, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of S.aureus strains isolated from bloodstream infections have been evaluated. Blood cultures were performed with automated system; BACTEC 9240 (Becton Dickinson, USA). Phoenix-100 (Becton Dickinson-USA) automated system were used for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility. Susceptibility was determined using the CLSI interpretive criteria.During a period of five years, a total of 409 isolates of S.aureus were evaluated and 33 % were found methicillinresistant. The susceptibility rates of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin and rifampin in methicillin-resistant strains were 74.3 %, 36 %, 16.6 %, 41 %, 37.2 %, 48.6 % respectively. The susceptibility rates of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin and rifampin in methicillinsuscebtible strains were 89 %, 73.8 %, 59.7 %, 74 %, 66 %, 76.6 % respectively. The uncontrolled use of antibiotics increase the development of antimicrobial resistance. The creation of rational antibiotic use awareness and periodically evaluation of their own resistance profiles for each center and share with related committees would be the preventive factors against resistance development.
Anahtar kelimeler: Antimikrobiyal, duyarlılık, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
SUMMARY
Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Distribution of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strains Isolated from Various Clinical Specimens in Five Years
Aim: Currently the isolation rate of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia which is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen, is increasing worldwide. It is commonly found in nature and also it can be recovered from oropharynx and sputum in adults. When nosocomial pneumonia with S. maltophilia is associated with obstruction and bacteremia, mortality rate increases. S. maltophilia is usually resistant to most of the β-lactam antibiotics, β-lactam inhibitors and aminoglycosides. Since most of the S. maltophilia strains are susceptible to trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, this antibiotic is widely used in the treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility rates of S. maltophilia strains isolated in our hospital.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Medical susceptibility. In 2009susceptibility. In , 13 S. maltophilia strains, in 2010susceptibility. In and 2011susceptibility. In , 23, in 2012susceptibility. In , 28 and in 2013
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6/IL-10 ratio and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE-II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores and mortality in patients with sepsis.
Materials and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 50 patients (median age: 75 years) presented to the Intensive Care Unit of the Emergency Department between January 2019 and December 2019 with sepsis. Blood samples were taken from all patients on day 1 and day 3. The IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α levels, APACHE-II, SOFA, and GCS scores were recorded on a data collection form.
Results: The deceased and the survived groups significantly differed in day-1 (p = 0.013) and day-3 IL-6 (p = 0.016) levels, day-1 IL-6/IL-10 ratio (p = 0.029) and gender. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the groups in day-1 and day-3 IL-10 levels and day-3 IL-6/IL-10 ratio. The GCS score was significantly lower in the deceased group than in the survived group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: High IL-6 levels and high IL-6/IL-10 ratios on the day of diagnosis with sepsis were found to be correlated with mortality. IL-6 level may be particularly useful for predicting mortality if used in combination with scoring systems such as the GCS and different clinical parameters.
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