Tanaman dalugha (Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott) merupakan tanaman endemik di Propinsi Sulawesi Utara yang perlu dilindungi dari serangan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan. Karakter morfologi dan Identifikasi hama sangat perlu untuk kajian ilmiah tentang budidaya tanaman endemik dalugha sebagai sumber pangan lokal di Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi dan identifikasi hama pada tanaman dalugha. Lokasi penelitian di desa Moronge, Kecamatan Moronge, Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, pengambilan sampel hama ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Karakter morfologi dan identifikasi hama dilakukan dengan menggunakan buku kunci determinasi serangga hama dan aplikasi google lens dengan tingkat akurasi pengenalan spesies hewan yang tepat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya keragaman hama pada tanaman dalugha yang terbagi dalam tiga kelas: Kelas Gastropoda yaitu Bekicot (Achatina fulica), Keong semak (Bradybaena similaris), Siput hijau (Rhinocochlis nasuta), Siput pita (Caracolus marginella), Siput kebun (Cornu aspersum), dan Sumpil (Subulina octona); Kelas Insekta yaitu Belalang hijau (Oxya servile), Jangkrik semak (Tettigonia caudate), Kumbang daun (Asphaera lustrans), Kepik kaki daun tumbuhan (Leptoglossus australis), Kutu kebul (Bemisia tabaci), Semut kebun hitam (Lasius niger), Ulat tanduk talas (Theretra oldenlandiae), Kecoa (Periplaneta americana L.), dan Kecoa surinam (Pycnoscelus surinamensis); serta Kelas Oligochaeta yaitu Cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus).Kata kunci: dalugha; hama; identifikasi; morfologi; Sulawesi Utara Morphological Characteristics and Pest Identification on Dalugha Plants (Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott) in Talaud Islands District, North Sulawesi Province ABSTRACTDalugha plants (Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott) are endemic plants in North Sulawesi Province which need to be protected from attack by plant-disturbing organisms. Morphological characters and identification of pests are very necessary for scientific studies on the cultivation of endemic plants of dalugha as a local food source in North Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the morphological characters and identification of pests in dalugha plants. The research location is in Moronge Village, Moronge District, Talaud Islands Regency. This study used a qualitative descriptive method, the sampling of pests was determined by purposive sampling technique. Morphological characters and identification of pests were carried out using the key book for insect pest determination and the Google Lens application with an accurate level of recognition of animal species. The results showed that there was a diversity of pests in Dalugha plants which were divided into three classes: Gastropod class namely Bekicot (Achatina fulica), Keong semak (Bradybaena similaris), Siput hijau (Rhinocochlis nasuta), Siput pita (Caracolus marginella), Siput kebun (Cornu aspersum), and Sumpil (Subulina octona); Class Insects are Belalang hijau (Oxya servile), Jangkrik semak (Tettigonia caudate), Kumbang daun (Asphaera lustrans), Kepik kaki daun tumbuhan (Leptoglossus australis), Kutu kebul (Bemisia tabaci), Semut kebun hitam (Lasius niger), Ulat tanduk (Theretra oldenlandiae), Kecoa (Periplaneta americana L.), and Kecoa surinam (Pycnoscelus surinamensis) and Oligochaeta class namely Cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus).Keywords: dalugha; identification; morphology; North Sulawesi; pest
In classroom learning, students frequently face challenges to understand the material since the learning media deviates from the subject content. The media usage as an intermediary for delivering information makes it more varied, easy to understand, and interactive. Utilizing web-based learning media promises the independence of time and place and helps the learning process. This study aims to develop a web-based digital system learning media that is feasible and useful. The study uses the waterfall model software development method, namely the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC). The findings indicate that the web-based digital system learning media is feasible and useful in the learning process.
Thermophilic bacteria live at temperatures above 450 C. Many investigations focused on their potential as sources of highly active enzymes ‘termostable enzyme’ and other products such as antibiotics and compatible solutes. Lake Linow is an active volcanic lake located in Tomohon City, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Lake Linow becomes the habitat of thermophilic bacteria. A study has been conducted to obtain isolates of thermophilic bacteria and to identifikasi berdasarkan gen 16 s RNA. Bacterial DNA extraction procedure using the Presto TM Mini gDNA Bacteria Kit Geneaid protocol, with modifications. Amplification of 16s RNA gene using PCR method. Visualization of 16 s RNA amplicon genes with automatic electrophoresis capiler Qiaxel, Qiagen. Sequencing was carried out using Singapore's First BASE Sequencing service. The results showed that IL2 isolates and IL3 isolates could live up to 700C. Alignment analysis results using NCAST BLBI IL2 isolates showed 99% similarity with Bacillus thuringiensis strain H2682 (accession number CP009720.1). While isolate of IL3 thermophilic bacteria showed 94% similarity with Bacillus licheniformis strain 14DA11 (accession number CP023168.1). The results of phylogeny reconstruction with neighbor joining method, gene sequence 16S rRNA isolate IL2 showed the closest relation with Bacillus thuringiensis strain HD1011 (accession number CP009335.1). While IL3 isolate showed the closest relation with Bacillus licheniformis strain 14DA11 (accession number CP023168.1).
Background and Objective: Diseases caused by microbes vectored by mosquitoes are still a health problem in tropical countries today.DHF and Malaria are the two primary diseases vectored by mosquitoes, the morbidity and mortality rates have increased in low countries until now. However, the best way to control these two diseases is to control vectors, namely mosquitoes. Research has been conducted to determine the bioactive content and larvicidal activity of local plant extracts of North Sulawesi. Materials and Methods: The clove and trumpet flower samples were obtained from Minahasa, while the nutmeg samples were obtained from Sitaro Regency. Empirically, people use plant parts to repel mosquitoes. Extraction of plant simplicia was carried out by the maceration method. Qualitative and quantitative methods carried out the phytochemical content analysis. Qualitative analysis uses Harborneʼs (1996) method while qualitative analysis uses the UV Vis Spectrophotometer method. Toxicity tests were carried out on mosquito larvae developed in the laboratory. Results: The results showed that combining clove leaf extract, nutmeg flesh extract and trumpet flower synergistically increased the bioactive content. Flavonoids increased in the combination of extracts compared to partial extracts. The combination of extracts showed the highest toxicity to mosquito larvae (LC 50 : 22.541 mg LG 1 ), while the lowest was the partial extract of clove leaves with LC 50 (54.965 mg LG 1 ). Conclusion:The combination of extracts showed the best toxicity activity on mosquito larvae. Research on bioactive characteristics and toxicity in adult mosquitoes needs to be carried out in the future.
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