The debate on the primary cross-curricular skills or fundamental competencies that must be improved in higher education has increased in the last few years. This is especially important in the new distant learning environments, which bring new challenges to the educational process. Econometric models have been designed to explain the students’ academic performance, which has been measured using their qualifications average, the number of failed subjects, passed subjects, and withdrawn subjects, and the level of progress, among other indicators, to try to understand the influence of variables such as students’ self-esteem, reading comprehension, English proficiency level, and performance in a mathematics-related subject on the students of accountant auditor program from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso. Students were asked to fill in a questionnaire to collect data on the psychological and pedagogical variables, while the socio-economic and socio-demographic data were collected from the university. The results have shown that the most significant variables in the development level of this skill type are socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Some of the psychological and pedagogical variables that have, to a lesser degree, some influences are self-regulation in the learning process and the self-perception of anxiety levels. Lastly, some recommendations to intervene in the students’ learning process are presented with the objective of achieving a higher level of development in this type of competences.
In Chile there is a growing interest from society in improving the access of people with disabilities to the labor market. However, applied research on this topic is not abundant. The purpose of this research is to estimate the job opportunities of people with disabilities in Chile. For this, the data from the second Chilean national disability study were used to make a Multinomial Logistic Regression Model that would help to predict the probability of certain variables that influence job opportunity. For the generated model, variables related to the additional income of people (subsidies or extra income), educational level attained, pursuit of studies, and the degree of disability itself were found. It was determined how some variables affect the employment opportunity, particularly, variables related to continuity and access to studies.
El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en analizar el efecto que tienen los mecanismos del Gobierno Corporativo (GC) en la Gestión del Resultado en las empresas de México de la zona centro del sector industrial y material que cotizan en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV), metodológicamente la investigación es de tipo descriptiva e interpretativa y fundamentada en el análisis de información de tipo cuantitativo, se analizó una muestra de 52 informes anuales y 52 cuestionarios del Código de Mejores Prácticas Corporativas (CMPC), a través de la aplicación del modelo de regresión lineal, que arrojo en sus resultados que la Evaluación y Compensación, Tamaño de la empresa y Rentabilidad Económica están positiva y significativamente relacionados con el nivel de manipulación mientras que la Función de Auditoria tiene un coeficiente negativo pero significativo, es decir, constituye un freno en la Gestión del Resultado. Concluyendo que la Función de Auditoría contribuye a mejorar la calidad y transparencia de la información financiera que proporcionan las empresas al disminuir las prácticas manipuladoras.
The modernization of the State in Chile begins with the modernization of public management, which mainly seeks to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and results of public services. These actions together demonize public policies for reforms in the public sector and have involved transforming and modernizing the processes, optimizing resources and improving human capital, establishing as a main objective the satisfaction of user needs, from a business management perspective. This qualitative research, descriptive and documentary, seeks to develop a descriptive analysis of the incorporation of the recruitment and selection process based on competencies in public services in Chile, through a review of modernization policies that have been implemented by the Ministry of Finance, through the National Civil Service Directorate and the Budget Directorate. The advances and main challenges that the State faces in one of the processes of modernization in the management of people are presented, with the ultimate goal of adding value in this managerialist logic and achieving the proposed objectives, compared to the reorganization of institutions that They focus on the modernization of public management. In conclusion, the state of Chile continues with the challenge of improving and integrating the selection process into a general Human Resources model, and must be concerned with modernizing its statutory laws in terms of increasing the number of contracts and its career mechanisms. and staff retention.
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