In the article the main approaches to the estimation of the level of financial security of the companies (on the basis of the component of economic security, indicated, financially-oriented, resource-functional, minimizing-criterial, integral, on the basis of determining the probability of bankruptcy) are analyzed, summarized and detailed of the specifics of its level calculations according to the data of financial coefficients. The main indicators of the financial condition of the enterprises, for which normative values are established in accordance with official domestic methods are given. The leading methods of systems of financial security analysis of the enterprise are investigated, the advantages and disadvantages of their practical application for domestic enterprises are mentioned. The experience of the integrated estimation of the financial state according to the financial coefficients is described, on the basis of which the method of calculating the volatility of prices as a measure of the degree of financial risk is proposed. The suggestions of applied value for the use of general scientific methods of cognition are given. it is established that the analyzed methods and methods of protection will enable the management of the enterprise to choose the most suitable for them and economically justified in a particular situation model.
In accordance with the basic statements of management science, which help to a based conceptual approach to the formation of innovative entrepreneurship`s creative potential, its elements are the purpose and objectives, objects and subjects, principles, functions and subsystems, consideration of which the most significant managerial influences and stages of the process of forming the creative potential of enterprises. The theoretical and methodological basis of scientific research were scientific concepts and theoretical developments on methods of forming and evaluating the creative potential of innovative enterprises; information and analytical materials. During the writing of the article, the methods of theoretical generalization, comparative analysis and synthesis were used. The purpose of the article is to develop a conceptual approach to the formation of the creative potential of an innovative enterprise and substantiation of the method of evaluating its creative component. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved in the article. The essence and components of the formation of the creative potential of the innovative enterprise are defined. The factors influencing the formation of the creative potential of an innovative enterprise (socio-economic, demographic and socio-mental) are identified. The relationship between the creative, intellectual and competence components of the creative potential of an innovative enterprise is established. An algorithm for calculating the relative coefficient of the creative potential of the employee is proposed. It is reasonable that the direct parameter of the creative component is an integral indicator of the biological (natural) and socio-economic activity of man. The principles of formation of the creative potential of the innovative enterprise (system, complexity, flexibility, efficiency, consistency, protection of innovative business from threats and dangers of external, internal and design environment) are developed. Subsystems for ensuring the formation of the creative potential of an innovative enterprise (organizational, methodological, personnel, information, and software) are considered.
The purpose of the study is to develop effective ways to solve the problems of managing the quality of the loan portfolio of the Ukrainian banking sector in the context of the financial crisis caused by the russian-Ukrainian war. In the course of the study, such scientific methods as fundamental provisions of the credit portfolio theory, multifactor regression analysis, extrapolation, trend analysis, mathematical programming, etc. have been used. A methodical approach to the study of contemporary problems and prospects of loan portfolio quality management under martial law, consisting in modelling the profitability of the Ukrainian banking sector, taking into account the quality of the loan portfolio, has been proposed. This approach is implemented by constructing a two-factor power regression equation; forecasting with the establishment of confidence intervals and the development of 3 forecast scenarios (realistic, pessimistic and optimistic); solving the target function to maximize the profit of the banking sector, taking into account the restrictions formed on the basis of forecasting results. A power model of dependence of Ukrainian banking sector profitability on the volume of loan portfolio and non-performing loans has been built and its statistical significance has been established on the basis of official statistics for 2012–2022. It has been determined that an increase in the volume of the bank loan portfolio by 1% leads to an increase in bank income by 3.1%, while an increase in the volume of non-performing loans by 1% leads to a 0.28% reduction in revenues of the banking sector of Ukraine. The loan portfolio and NPL series have been extrapolated to 2023–2025, which is consistent with the medium-term, as long-term projections would be unreliable under martial law and deep recession. According to the results of medium-term forecasting and optimization, it has been proved that the maximum growth of bank revenues by 60.4%, compared to 2022, is possible with an increase in the loan portfolio by 18.9%, a reduction of non-performing loans by 26% and a reduction of their share in the loan portfolio by 13.9%. It has been justified that the key condition for maximising bank revenues is the soonest termination of the russian-Ukrainian war and further expansion of effective government concessional lending programs. In particular, the effectiveness of the state program “Affordable Loans 5–7–9%”, which provided 19% of the bank loan portfolio in Ukraine and became a key mechanism of anti-crisis business support both during the COVID-19 pandemic and during the large-scale invasion from 2022 during the russian-Ukrainian war, has been substantiated.
УДК 330.65 Г. В. Б Л А К И Т А, професор, доктор економічних наук, завкафедрою економіки та фінансів підприємства, В. В. М Е Л Ь Н И К, кандидат економічних наук, старший викладач кафедри економіки та фінансів підприємства, О. А. П У Р Д Е Н К О, кандидат економічних наук, доцент кафедри економіки та фінансів підприємства Київський національний торговельно економічний університет,
The economic security of business has a number of components that contribute to its provision, however, during military aggression, the technical and technological losses of business are colossal. It is important to investigate the tools of business recovery and reform in the conditions of Ukraine's acquisition of the status of a candidate for EU membership despite the war. The article examines EU financing instruments that directly or indirectly affect the economic security of business in Ukraine, according to the main criteria.Given the military aggression and the strengthening of European integration processes, there is a need to assess the impact of Ukraine's candidate status in the EU on the technical and technological component of economic security of business. Namely, to determine how Ukraine's existing candidate status in the EU will affect the technical and technological component of economic security of business.The research uses general scientific methods of cognition: analysis and synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, system approach.The impact of Ukraine's EU candidate status on the technical and technological component of economic security of business is considered from the standpoint of: the
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