Effect of a synthetic Aluminium-Magnesium Silicate (AMS) on Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) was tested. Equal amounts, of the AMS and of NDV, on a volume to weight (v/w) basis, were incubated for one hour at room temperature, and then centrifuged. The supernatant was tested for NDV titre. Portions of a virulent NDV were similarly incubated with the AMS, and their supernatants tested for morbidity rates on infected chicks. Also, two groups of chicks were infected with virulent NDV intramuscularly (I/m), and by introduction of infected chicks, respectively. Their subgroups were treated by administering AMS through drinking water, to assess its effect on mortality. Incubating NDV with AMS, reduced the viral titre from mean HA, 613 ±86 to 4. 5 ±0.72 (P < 0.05). Also, incubating virulent NDV with the AMS, reduced its morbidity rate from 100% to 20% (P< 0.05) when incubated once, and from 100% to zero, when incubated twice. NDV-infected chicks treated with AMS, had same 100% mortality as the controls, when route of infection was I/m (P > 0.05) but when infection was by introduction of infected chicks, mortality reduced from 20% to zero (P < 0.05).These results suggest AMS as NDV's antiviral agent.

Effects a synthetic Aluminium-Magnesium Silicate [AMS] has on Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) were tested. Equal amounts of AIV samples and of the AMS were mixed, kept one hour at room temperature before centrifuging. The supernatants were remeasured and tested for, viral titre, Mean Death Time (MDT) and Mortality Rate of chicken Embryos (EMR). Volumes of the viral samples reduced at rate of 23.4% ± 5.48%. Viral titres reduced significantly (P < 0.01) from HA, 73 ± 32.72 to 1.4 ± 0.43. Also, EMR of infected chicken embryos reduced from 100% to 65%, while MDT of those that died,increased significantly (P < 0.01) from 76 ± 4.38 to 136 ±18.93 hours. When incubation with AMS was repeated on portions of an AIV sample, MDT increased from 64 to 104 hours with the portion incubated once. AIV portions on which incubation with AMS was repeated could not kill chicken embryos

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Effects of a synthetic Aluminium-Magnesium Silicate [AMS] on Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) were tested. Equal amounts of H 5 N 1 AIV samples and of AMS were mixed, left one hour, at room teperature before centrifuging. The supernatants were remeasured and tested for viral titre, for Mean Death Time (MDT) and Embryo Mortality Rate (EMR) of chicken eggs. Volumes of the viral samples reduced at rate of 23.4 ± 5.48 %. Viral titres reduced significantly (P from HA, 73 ± 32.72 to 1.4 ±0.43. Also, mortality of infected embryos reduced from 100 % to 65% while MDT of those that died,increased significantly (P = 0.001) from 76 ± 4.38 to 130 ±17.27 hours .When incubation with AMS was repeated on portions of same sample ,MDT increased from 64 to 104 hours with the portion incubated once .Two AIV portions on which incubation with AMS was repeated could not kill chick embryos. Background. Avian Influenza Viruses are enveloped, single stranded RNA viruses.Two different protein projections cover their envelopes. These are the Haemagglutinin (H) and the Nueraminidase (N) antigens. Combinations of the H and the N antigens is an important property of Influenza viruses because, it allows for resortment when two Influenza viruses replicate in same cell at the same time. Influenza viruses are classified into types, A, B and C, based on antigenic differences of their neuclocapsid and of their matrix proteins 1 .Avian Influenza Viruses are Influenza A viruses 2 .

Rats were used as animal models to study immune response to vaccination with peste des petits ruminants (PPR) monospecific vaccine. One group (10 rats) was vaccinated with PPR vaccine (Nigeria 7511).