Olive (Olea europaea) have been cultivated and grown well in tropical climates such as Indonesia. Indonesia local community have used olive as herbal medicines due to its active compounds known as oleuropein that has many biological activities including as neurotherapy in Alzheimer's disease. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential phenolic compounds of olive and examine the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity displayed by different olive polyphenols through a silico approach. The bioactive compounds of olive which had been analyzed in this study were phenolic compound included oleuropein, demethyl-oleuropein, ligstroside, oleoside, verbascoside, luteolin 7-glucoside, and hydroxytyrosol. Interaction of bioactive compounds with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was analyzed through molecular specific docking using AutoDock Vina with Pyrx Software. The result elucidate that olive contain potential biological activities as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, free radical scavenger, antibacterial, antifungal, expression TP53 enhancer, caspase 8 stimulant, platelet adhesion inhibitor, treatment for lipoprotein disorder, antiviral and dementia treatment/Alzheimer disease. The highest bioactivity percentage of olive phenolic compound are as an antioxidant of 82%, anti-inflammatory of 73%, and anti-cancer (antineoplastic) of 70% respectively. Based on molecular docking analysis show one of olive phenolic compound of the dimethyl-oleuropein has strong interaction with AChE as pointed in the binding affinity of demethyl-oleuropein +AChE of-8.9 kcal/mol has closed to galanthamine binding affinity of-10.3 kcal/mol. Along with glutamate acid 202, tyrosine 133 and tyrosine 124 are the major contributors in the target-ligand interactions. The selected demethyl-oleuropein ought to be tested in clinical studies to discover new neuro-therapeutic candidates.
Mango mistletoe (Dendrophthoe pentandra) is a plant that has the potential as a medicinal plant. Mango mistletoe is reported to contain the flavonoids quercetin, mesoinositol, rutin, and tannins. Hypertension as a non-communicable disease is a very serious health problem experienced by people in developing countries. Hypertension can be caused by high ROS (reactive oxygen species) which can inhibit oxygen flow to the heart and brain. Antioxidants can reduce the risk of hypertension. Damage to the brain due to hypertension is manifest in the white matter area. This study aimed to see how the histopathological profile of the brain in hypertensive rats (DOCA-Salt) which were given mango mistletoe methanolic extract (MMME) by experimental method. The number of tested animals was 25 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups, each group contained 5 rats, they were negative control (Control-) as normotension, positive control (Control+) as inducer, and the treatment group with the provision of MMME at a dose of 50 mg / kgBW, 100 mg / kgBW, and 200 mg / kgBW. Data were analyzed using JAMOVI 1.1.9.0. Based on the results of the study showed that the difference in significant values between all groups was p<0.05. So, that giving EMBM to male rat significantly can decrease the number of cell necrosis and affect the width of the white matter area of the brain. The three dose variations did not show a significant difference, so this effect was controlled by the MMME dose of 50 mg / KgBW which was the optimum dose in reducing the amount of cell necrosis in the white matter area of the male Wistar rat brain.
Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) is a plant belonging to the Sapindaceae familia. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolite compounds found in kesambi leaves through histochemical analysis and derivatives of active compounds in silico. Descriptive experimental research method was conducted in January using samples of kesambi plants that grow on the island of Madura. Histochemical analysis was carried out by preparing fresh leaves through lower leaf incisions with secondary metabolite detection reagents (CuSO4, FeCl3, Wagner, Sudan III, AlCl3 & FeCl3+NaCO3) then microscopic color changes were observed. In silico testing aims to determine the interaction of active compounds with ER? as a target for ER + breast cancer therapy through molecular docking. Supporting software used is KNApSAcK, Pubchem, Pass Online, PDB ID, PyRx, PyMol and Chimera 1.14. The results showed that through histochemical analysis six secondary metabolite compounds were identified, namely terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, lipophils and phenols. While in silico analysis, the active compound is scopoletin which is derived from phenol, beta-sitosterol, betulin, betulinic acid, lupeol, lupeol acetate, schleicheol 1&2, schleicherastatin 1-7 which are derivatives of terpenoids. Based on the results of molecular docking, there are interactions of active compounds with 3ERT protein, the compounds that provide the most effective results as candidates for breast cancer drugs are lupeol acetate with a value of Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) lb 1,588 Å and ub 2,219 Å . Lupeol acetate compound is predicted to have activity as an Er? inhibitor against ER+ breast cancer. Keywords: Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa), histochemistry, molecular docking and ER?.
Beberapa jenis herbal dari kelompok benalu dan famili Loranthaceae juga berpotensi sebagai antihipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui profil histopatologi jantung pada tikus hipertensi (DOCA-Garam) yang dipapar Kombinasi Ekstrak Metanolik Benalu Teh dan Benalu Mangga (EMBTBM) selama 14 hari dengan metode true eksperimental design dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pada 50 ekor tikus, dibedakan menjadi 5 perlakuan yaitu kontrol (-), kontrol (+), perlakuan 1 dosis 50 mg/KgBB, perlakuan 2 dosis 100 mg/KgBB dan perlakuan 3 dosis 200 mg/KgBB. Setiap perlakuan terdapat 5 kali ulangan. Dalam menganalisis data digunakan uji ANOVA one way yaitu JAMOVI dengan versi 1.1.9.0. Sedangkan untuk perhitungan diameter sel menggunakan aplikasi IMAGE J. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil histopatologi jantung pada tikus hipertensi (DOCA-Garam) yang dipapar EMBTBM selama 14 hari pada nekrosis sel jantung menunjukkan perbedaan yang sangat nyata antara kelompok kontrol (+) dengan kontrol (-), perlakuan 1, 2, dan 3. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil analisis p-value < 0.05 yaitu 0.002 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa EMBTBM berpengaruh terhadap jumlah rerata nekrosis sel organ jangtung. Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata juga pada jumlah diameter sel jantung tikus hipertensi antara kelompok kontrol (+) dengan kontrol (-), perlakuan 1, 2, dan 3. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil analisis menunjukkan p-value < 0.05 yaitu 0.021, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa EMBTBM dapat mengecilkan diameter sel pada organ jantung. Kata kunci: Hipertensi, Jantung, Ventrikel Kiri, Histopatologi Anatomi, EMBTBM.
Hipertensi merupakan suatu keadaan yang diakibatkan oleh desakan darah terhadap dinding-dinding arteri saat darah tersebut dipompa dari jantung ke jaringan. Dalam keadaan hipertensi dapat menstimulasi terbentuknya senyawa oksigen rekatif Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Penggunaan antioksidan eksogen dalam mencegah terjadinya stres oksidatif secara alternatif dapat menggunakan tanaman herbal. Tanaman herbal contohnya seperti benalu teh dan benalu mangga yang dapat meningkatkan aktivitas superoxide dismutase (SOD) dan menurunkan konsentrasi malondialdehyde (MDA). Penelitian ini tujuannya yaitu mengkaji lebih lanjut peran ekstrak metanolik kombinasi benalu teh dan benalu mangga (EMBTBM) terhadap superoxida dismutase (SOD) pada tikus hipertansi yang dipapar DOCA-garam dengan menggunakan metode eksperimental. Menggunakan 25 ekor tikus wistar jantan, terdiri dari 5 perlakuan yaitu kontrol (-), kontrol (+), kelompok perlakuan kombinasi benalu teh dan benalu mangga dengan dosis berturut-turut 50, 100, dan 200 mg/KgBB dengan lima pengulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kadar peningkatan SOD dengan pemberian kombinasi EMBTBM pada kelompok kontrol (+) berbeda sangat nyata dengan kelompok kontrol (-), perlakuan 1, 2, dan 3. Perbedaan sangat nyata ini dikarenakan nilai p-value = < 0.001 (<0.05). Manfaat dari penelitian ini yaitu dapat dijadikan acuan peran kombinasi benalu teh dan benalu mangga terhadap superoxide dismutase (SOD) pada tikus hipertensi yang dipapar DOCA-garam. Kata kunci: Hipertensi, EMBTBM, SOD.
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