This study evaluated differences in the clinical appearance of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on plasma level and regulation of microRNAs (miRNA-29c, miRNA-21, and miRNA-155). The observational-analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 36 HCC patients and 36 healthy controls. The blood samples were collected from 2 Province Hospitals (Dr. Sardjito Hospital and Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital) for HCC and the Blood Bank Donor of the Indonesian Red Cross for 36 healthy controls. These blood samples were treated as follows: plasma isolation, RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, quantification by qRT-PCR using a sequence-specific forward primer, and normalization of miRNA using housekeeping-stably miRNA-16. There were only 27 HCC patients with complete clinical variables (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet count, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cholinesterase (ChE)) that were able to analyses for regulation miRNAs based on its fold change expression miRNA target. All 27 HCC subjects were follow-up until 3-years of monitoring for their overall survival. The miRNA plasma expression was analyzed by Bio-Rad CFX 96 Manager software to determine the cycle of quantification, followed by the calculation of expression levels using Livak’s methods. Data were analyzed using STATA 11.0, with a significant value of p<0.05. The miRNAs expression of HCC subjects were lower than that healthy control subjects in miRNA-29c (down-regulation 1.83-fold), higher than that healthy control subjects in miRNA 21 and miRNA-155 (up-regulation, 1.74-fold; 1.55-fold) respectively. NLR, CRP, ChE, and platelet count showed a significant difference in miRNA-29c regulation, though neutrophil count showed a significant difference in miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 regulation (p<0.05). Conclusion: Plasma biomarkers: miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 might be potential biomarkers as onco-miR in HCC subjects, while miRNA-29c might act as a tumor suppressor. Significant evidence was identified with clinical progression based on the regulation of miRNAs, which was consistent with miRNA -29c.
Objective: Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are chronic liver diseases that can cause serious health problems. Meanwhile, the methods used to detect liver cirrhosis and HCC are limited. Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is a protein that makes up high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which plays a role in liver cirrhosis and HCC, and can be used as a biomarker. This study aims to determine the ability of ApoA1 to detect and differentiate liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 47 patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC at Margono Soekarjo Regional General Hospital, Purwokerto, Indonesia. This study also involved 33 healthy participants from blood donors at the Blood Transfusion Unit, Indonesian Red Cross, Banyumas. Serum ApoA1 levels were analyzed by ELISA method. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic power of ApoA1 and differentiate between cirrhotic, HCC, and healthy patients. Multivariate binary logistic regression test to determine the most influential variables on the incidence of cirrhosis, HCC, and health. Results: ApoA1 was able to differentiate cirrhosis from HCC, cirrhosis from healthy and HCC from healthy, with sensitivity 56.7%, 86.7%, 70.6%, specificity 70.6%, 93.9%, 84.9%, respectively, and AUC 68.5%, 92.6%, 75.0%. AFP (p = 0.002, OR 1.004) and bilirubin (p = 0.021, OR 1.259) were variables that contributed to cirrhosis -HCC. Age (p = 0.011, OR 0.766) and AST (p = 0.003, OR 0.834) are variables that play a role in health -cirrhosis. ALT (p = 0.024, OR 0.965) and PT (p = 0.004, OR 0.253) are variables that play a role in healthy -HCC. Conclusion: ApoA1 was best for detecting healthy from cirrhosis, followed by healthy from HCC and cirrhosis from HCC. ApoA1 is not the primary variable determining the incidence of cirrhosis -HCC, healthy -HCC, and healthy -HCC.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that grows in the nasopharynx with a predilection in the fossa Rosenmuller. Epithelial malignancies are often found in populations of China and Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The NPC incidence in year 2008 as many as 84,400 cases and 51,600 of these cases resulted in death. A total of 120 new cases per year NPC found in hospitals Prof. dr. Margono Soekarjo (RSMS), Purwokerto. The NPC is difficult to be diagnose caused its primary tumor lies closed to the skull base as well as various structures of vital organs. Therefore, methods that can detect early NPC required for inspection.The etiology of NPC is multifactorial consisting of genetic factors, factors of infection Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and environmental factors.EBV has two phases in the cycle of infection that is the phase of lytic and latent phase. BRLF1 has an important function as mediator transition from latent e NPC. The research aimed to analysis mRNA BRLF1 expression as a biomarker of NPC diagnosis by RT-PCR and to determine the positivity of RT-PCR method to detect the expression of mRNA BRLF1. The research design was cross sectional study. Samples were FFPE tumor biopsy of NPC WHO III and the total samples were 22 individu from Department of Pathology Anatomy, Prof. Dr. Margono SoekarjoHospital, Purwokerto with informed consent. The positivity of mRNA BRLF1 from FFPE tumor biopsy of NPC WHO III was in 63.6%indicating a high expression.. Keywords: mRNA BRLF1, Epstein-Barr Virus, FFPE, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma AbstrakKarsinoma Nasofaring (KNF) adalah tumor ganas yang tumbuh di nasofaring dengan predileksi pada fosa Rosenmuller. Keganasan epitel sering ditemukan pada populasi Cina dan Asia Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia. Kejadian KNF di tahun 2008 sebanyak 84.400 kasus dan 51.600 kasus ini mengakibatkan kematian. Sebanyak 120 kasus baru per tahun KNF ditemukan di RSUD dr. Dr. Margono Soekarjo (RSMS), Purwokerto. KNF sulit untuk didiagnosis karena tumor utamanya terletak dekat dengan dasar tengkorak serta berbagai struktur organ vital. Oleh karena itu, metode yang dapat mendeteksi KNF awal diperlukan untuk pemeriksaan. Etiologi KNF bersifat multifaktorial yang terdiri dari faktor genetik, faktor infeksi Virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) dan faktor lingkungan. EBV memiliki dua fase dalam siklus infeksi yaitu fase fase litik dan laten. BRLF1 memiliki fungsi penting sebagai mediator transisi dari laten ke fase litik. Ekspresi mRNA BRLF1 yang dilakukan dengan metode RT-PCR dapat digunakan untuk mendukung diagnosis KNF, sehingga metode ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemeriksaan KNF. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ekspresi mRNA BRLF1 sebagai biomarka diagnosis KNF dengan teknik RT-PCR dan untuk mengetahui sensitivitas metode RT-PCR untuk mendeteksi ekspresi mRNA BRLF1. Desain penelitiannya adalah penelitian cross sectional. Sampel adalah biopsi tumor FFPE dari pasien KNF WHO III dan total sampel adalah 22 individu pada Departmen Patologi Anatomi, Rumah Sakit Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo, Pu...
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