Objective: Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are chronic liver diseases that can cause serious health problems. Meanwhile, the methods used to detect liver cirrhosis and HCC are limited. Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is a protein that makes up high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which plays a role in liver cirrhosis and HCC, and can be used as a biomarker. This study aims to determine the ability of ApoA1 to detect and differentiate liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 47 patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC at Margono Soekarjo Regional General Hospital, Purwokerto, Indonesia. This study also involved 33 healthy participants from blood donors at the Blood Transfusion Unit, Indonesian Red Cross, Banyumas. Serum ApoA1 levels were analyzed by ELISA method. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic power of ApoA1 and differentiate between cirrhotic, HCC, and healthy patients. Multivariate binary logistic regression test to determine the most influential variables on the incidence of cirrhosis, HCC, and health. Results: ApoA1 was able to differentiate cirrhosis from HCC, cirrhosis from healthy and HCC from healthy, with sensitivity 56.7%, 86.7%, 70.6%, specificity 70.6%, 93.9%, 84.9%, respectively, and AUC 68.5%, 92.6%, 75.0%. AFP (p = 0.002, OR 1.004) and bilirubin (p = 0.021, OR 1.259) were variables that contributed to cirrhosis -HCC. Age (p = 0.011, OR 0.766) and AST (p = 0.003, OR 0.834) are variables that play a role in health -cirrhosis. ALT (p = 0.024, OR 0.965) and PT (p = 0.004, OR 0.253) are variables that play a role in healthy -HCC. Conclusion: ApoA1 was best for detecting healthy from cirrhosis, followed by healthy from HCC and cirrhosis from HCC. ApoA1 is not the primary variable determining the incidence of cirrhosis -HCC, healthy -HCC, and healthy -HCC.

Centella asiaticaameliorates memory impairment and induces expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in chronically stressed rats. The relationship between the anti-inflammatory effect ofCentella asiaticaon hippocampal BDNF and the involvement of sirtuin-1, a BDNF expression regulator, in neuroprotective mechanisms ofCentella asiaticawarrants an investigation. We investigated the effect ofCentella asiaticaethanolic extracts (CA) on TNF-α, IL-10, and SIRT1 levels and whether these predicted BDNF expression in rat hippocampus after chronic stress. For the experiments, thirty male rats (Sprague Dawley) were divided into six groups: nonstressed-control, stressed-control, nonstressed +CA 300mg/kg/d, stressed +CA 150 mg/kg/d, stressed +CA 300 mg/kg/d, and stressed +CA 600 mg/kg/d. On day 28, rats were sacrificed and hippocampus was dissected out. Hippocampal TNF-α, IL-10, SIRT1, and BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hippocampal TNF-αlevel was significantly higher in the stressed-control compared to nonstressed-control groups. Across all stress conditions, rats receiving the highest dose of CA had the lowest mean TNF-αand highest mean BDNF. There were no significant differences in IL-10 and SIRT1 levels between groups. Hippocampal TNF-αdid not predict hippocampal BDNF in a regression analysis. In conclusion, lower TNF-αand higher BDNF in the hippocampus support the hypothesis that these factors independently contribute toCentella asiatica’s neuroprotective effect in chronically stressed rats.

<p><br />Preeklamsia pada ibu hamil merupakan salah satu penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal dan perinatal baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Kadar kalsium darah yang rendah pada ibu hamil diduga berperan terhadap patogenesis preeklamsia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar kalsium darah pada preeklamsia dengan kehamilan normotensi di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan case control pada tiga kelompok penelitian yaitu preeklamsia ringan (PER), preeklamsia berat (PEB), dan kehamilan normotensi sebagai kelompok kontrol. Jumlah subjek tiap kelompok berjumlah 21 orang. Sampel darah diambil dari vena antecubiti dan disentrifuge untuk diambil serumnya. Pengukuran kadar kalsium dilakukan dengan metode Chresol Pthalein Complex. Hasil pada penelitian ini didapatkan rerata kadar kalsium darah pada kelompok PEB paling rendah (8,34±0,32mg/dL) dan berbeda bermakna secara statitstik dibandingkan kelompok PER (8,59±0,33mg/dL) dan normotensi (8,71±0,31md/dL). Penelitian ini membuktikan potensi keterlibatan kalsium pada preeklamsia berat.</p>

Myopia is the most common refractive disorder in school-aged children. These visual disorders need attention, because they can interfere with life and daily work, and also their intellectual development. This health promotion activity is conducted to improve knowledge and understanding about myopia and the efforts that must be done to maintain eye health. This activity was conducted on 140 students of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade of SDN 2 Berkoh Purwokerto, through counseling, training, giving module, leaflet and poster. Based on the T-test of the pre-post and post-test in each class, the p values obtained in grades 4,5 and 6 respectively p = 0.058; 0.588; and 0.074. Conclusion: this activity can increase students' knowledge of myopia, although the increase is not significant.